Judges 5

^I “Deborah” = Deborah. 10x in OT. From dabar (to speak, declare, discuss) OR from the same as deborah (bee); {from dabar (see above)}. This is Deborah, meaning “bee” or “formalizer.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Deborah.html#.X2Y6QGhKhPY
^II “Barak” = Baraq. 13x in OT. From the same as baraq (lightning; figuratively, a gleaming or glittering; concretely, a flashing sword); from baraq (to flash, a flash of lightning). This is Barak or Baraq, meaning “flash of lightning.”
^III “son” = ben. From banah (to build or obtain children). This is son, age, child. It is son in a literal or figurative sense.

^IV “Abinoam” = Abinoam. 4x in OT. From ab (father literal or figurative) + noam (pleasantness, beauty, favor, agreeableness, delight, splendor, or grace); {from naem (to be pleasant, beautiful, sweet, or agreeable in a literal or figurative sense)}. This is Abinoam meaning “my father is delight” or “father of pleasantness” so “gracious.”
^V “sang” = shir. From shir (song, singer). This is to sing. It could also refer to one who is singing or leading others in song.
^VI “day” = yom. Root may mean being hot. This is the day in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean birth, age, daylight, continually or other references to time.
^VII {untranslated} = amar. This is to speak, say, answer, command, promise, report.

^VIII “locks” = pera. Related to “are long” in v2. 2x in OT. Perhaps from pera (long hair); from para (see note IX below). This is leader, long-haired, or revenge.
^IX “are long” = para. 16x in OT. This is to loosen, let alone, uncover, avoid, dismiss, or perish.
^X “Israel” = Yisrael. From sarah (to persist, exert oneself, contend, persevere, wrestle, prevail) + El (God or god). This is Israel, meaning God strives or one who strives with God; new name for Jacob and for his offspring. This refers to the people and to the land.
^XI “people” = am. From amam (to darken, hide, associate; creating shadows by huddling together). This is people or nation. It can be used specifically for a tribe, collectively of troops or armies, or figuratively to refer to a flock of animals.
^XII “offer…willingly” = nadab. 18x in OT. This is to offer voluntarily, incite, impel; to volunteer to be a soldier or offer freely.

^XIII “bless” = barak. This is to kneel, to bless. It is blessing God as part of worship and adoration or blessing humans to help them. It can be used as a euphemism to say curse God.
^XIV “Lord” = YHVH. From havah (to be, become) or hayah (to come to pass, become, be). This is the name of the God of Israel, the self-existent and eternal one, the tetragrammaton. This pronunciation has been lost to time so “Lord” is generally used in its place.
^XV “hear” = shama. This is to hear, call, consent, or consider. It implies listening intelligently, giving attention, and, because of these two factors, obedience and action are often implied.
^XVI “kings” = melek. From malak (to be or become king or queen, to rise to the throne, to be crowned; by implication, to take counsel). This is king or royal.
^XVII “give ear” = azan. Perhaps from ozen (ear, hearing, audience, show; properly, broadness – applied to its ear in reference to its shape). Properly, this is to expand or broaden one’s ear i.e. listen intently, pay attention, heed.
^XVIII “princes” = razan. 6x in OT. This is to be heavy or weighty. Figuratively, it is to be honorable or commanding and thus can mean a ruler or prince.

^XIX “make melody” = zamar. Perhaps from zamar (to trim or prune). This is making music. It is used specially of music to worship God. So, music with singing, singing praise, or singing psalms.
^XX “God” = Elohim. Related to “Israel” in v2. See note X above.
^XXI “went out” = yatsa. This is to go or come out, bring forth, appear. It is to go out in a literal or figurative sense.
^XXII “Seir” = Seir. From the same as sear (hair, hairy, rough); {from sa’ar (to storm, scattered by a storm, blow away, rage, storm tossed; this is to toss in a literal or figurative sense)} OR from sa’iyr (goat, shaggy, devil, satyr). This is Seir, Edomite mountain region. It is the name of the people that live there and a particular Judean mountain. It may mean “the hairy guys,” “bucks,” “horrors,” “bristly,” or “riders on the storm.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Seir.html

^XXIII “marched” = tsaad. 8x in OT. This is to step, go, run, walk, to pace. It is to march with a regular step, climb up, hurl down.
^XXIV “region” = sadeh. From the same as shadday (almighty, field, land); from shadad (to devastate, ruin, destroy, oppress, be powerful). Or, it may be from a word that means to spread out. This is field, ground, soil, or land. It can be used to mean wild as in a wild animal.
^XXV “Edom” = Edom. From the same as adom (to be red or flushed). This is Edom or Idumaea. It means red.
^XXVI “earth” = erets. Root may mean to be firm. This is earth, ground, field land, or country.
^XXVII “trembled” = raash. This is to quake, shake, tremble, shake from fear; leap like a locust.

^XXVIII {untranslated} = gam. This is also, moreover, again.
^XXIX “heavens” = shamayim. Root may mean being lofty. This is sky, the air, or heaven. It is in a dual noun form so this might refer to the part of the sky where the clouds move on the one hand and the part beyond that where the sun, moon, and stars are on the other hand.
^XXX “poured” = nataph. 18x in OT. This is to drip, ooze, or drop. It can also refer to the process of gradual distillation that causes liquid to fall drop by drop. Figuratively, it can mean prophesying or inspired speech.

^XXXI “clouds” = ab. Perhaps from uwb (to be a think or dark cloud, a cloud covering). This is a dark or thick cloud that can envelope in darkness. It can also refer to a copse or to clay.
^XXXII “indeed” = gam. Same as {untranslated} in v4. See note XXVIII above.
^XXXIII “water” = mayim. This is water, waters, or waterway in a general sense. Figuratively, it can also mean juice, urine, or semen.

^XXXIV “mountains” = har. From harar (hill or mountain). This is mountain, hill, hilly region.
^XXXV “quaked” = nazal. 16x in OT. This is to drip or flow, pour down, flood, distill, or melt.
^XXXVI “before” = paneh. From panah (to turn, face, appear). This is face in a literal or figurative sense. It could be face, presence, anger, respect. It can also be used of God to indicate divine favor or presence.
^XXXVII “Sinai” = Sinay. Probably from the same as Sin (Sin, a city meaning “clay” or “bush); {perhaps from asam (to gather, store) OR from seneh (thorn bush) OR related to Aramaic siyn (a god called Sin) OR perhaps Hebrew siyn (related to mud or clay)}. This is Sinai – a place whose name may mean “bush of the Lord” or “muddy.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Sinai.html
^XXXVIII “before” = paneh. Same as “before” in v5. See note XXXVI above.

^XXXIX “Shamgar” = Shamgar. 2x in OT.  – both in Judges. Perhaps from Hurrian (Shamgar, meaning “Shimigi has given”); {from Hurrian Shimig (a god) + ar (to give)}. This is Shamgar, which may mean “Shimigi has given.” See https://library.biblicalarchaeology.org/article/the-name-game/#:~:text=The%20final%20element%20%E2%80%9Car%E2%80%9D%20in,the%20child%20to%20the%20mother.
^XL “Anath” = Anath. 2x in OT– both in Judges. Perhaps related to anah (to answer, respond, announce, sing, shout, or testify; to pay attention, which implies responding and, by extension, starting to talk; singing, shouting, testifying, etc.). This is Anath, which may mean “answer.”
^XLI “Jael” = Yael. 6x in OT. From the same as yael (a mountain goat or an ibex – a creature that climbs); perhaps from ya’al (to gain, profit, do good, ascend, be useful or valuable; benefitted). This is Jael or Yael. It may mean “mountain goat” or “he who gets somewhere because he’s good at something useful.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Jael.html
^XLII “caravans” = orach. From arach (to go, travel, wander). This is a road that is widely used, highway, caravan, traveler, troop.
^XLIII “ceased” = chadal. This is properly to be flabby – it implies, to stop, fall, end, rest, leave alone, forsake, or desist. Figuratively this can be lacking or idle.

^XLIV “travelers” = nathiyb. Root may mean to tramp. This is a path beaten from regular use. So, it is pathway or traveler.
^XLV “kept” = halak. This is go, come, walk. It is walk literally and figuratively and includes people and animals. It can be used figuratively for one’s moral life – how we walk according to God’s way or against it. It can also refer to the walk of life as in the course one’s life takes, the choices we make, etc.
^XLVI “byways” = orach. Same as “caravans” in v6. See note XLII above.
^XLVII “peasantry” = perazon. 2x in OT – both in Judges 5. From the same as perazah (rural, village without walls, open country); from the same as paraz (root may mean to separate; perhaps warriors, chieftan, or throng). This is rural population or leadership.
^XLVIII “prospered” = chadal. Same as “ceased” in v6. See note XLIII above.

^XLIX “grew fat” = chadal. Same as “ceased” in v6. See note XLIII above.
^L “arose” = qum. To arise, stand, accomplish, establish, abide. This is rising as in rising against, getting up after being sick or asleep, arising from one state to another, becoming powerful, or rising for action. It can also be standing in a figurative sense.
^LI “mother” = em. This is a mother as binding a family together or a breeding female animal. It could be mother in a literal or figurative sense.
^LII “new” = chadash. From chadash (to renew or restore, to repair or rebuild). This is something fresh or new.
^LIII “gods” = elohim. Same as “God” in v3. See note XX above.
^LIV “chosen” = bachar. This is to choose, appoint, try, excellent.

^LV “war” = lachem. 1x in OT. From lacham (to eat or feed on; figuratively, to battle as a kind of consumption/destruction). This is perhaps war or battle.
^LVI “gates” = shaar. May be related to sha’ar (to calculate or reckon; may come from a root that means to open up or split). This is a gate, door, or other opening like a port.
^LVII “shield” = magen. From ganan (to surround, cover, defend, protect). This is a shield, defense, or figuratively a protector. It can also be used for a crocodile’s hide.
^LVIII “spear” = romach. 15x in OT. May come from a word that means to hurt. It could be a spear, lancet, buckler. It focuses on the iron tip.
^LIX “seen” = raah. This is to see in a literal or figurative sense so stare, advise, think, view.

^LX “forty” = arbim. From the same as arba (four); from raba (to make square or be four-sided). This is forty
^LXI “thousand” = eleph. Perhaps from the same as eleph (herd, cattle); from alaph (to learn, speak, associate with). This is thousand.
^LXII “heart” = leb. From the same as lebab (the heart, courage, one’s inner self, the mind, the will; only used in a figurative sense in the Bible); may be related to labab (to encourage; properly, to be encased as with fat; used in a good sense, this means to transport someone with love; used in a bad sense, it can mean to dull one’s senses).. This is inner self, mind, will, feelings, the center.
^LXIII “commanders” = chaqaq. 19x in OT. This is to inscribe, carve, or decree. It can be a lawmaker/commander or a staff/scepter. Literally, this is engraving, but it implies enacting a law because laws were carved into stone or metal.

^LXIV “sing” = siach. From siach (musing, meditation, communication, babbling, prayer, contemplation). This is to muse, meditate, complain, sing, sigh, speak, or utter.
^LXV “ride” = rakab. This is to ride an animal or in some vehicle. It can also mean bringing on a horse.
^LXVI “white” = tsachor. 1x in OT. From the same as tsachar (reddish-gray, white, dry up). This is tawny or white.
^LXVII “donkeys” = athon. Perhaps from the same as eythan (continual, mighty, strong, ever-flowing, permanence). This is a female donkey as an animal that is patient and gentle.

^LXVIII “sit” = yashab. This is to sit and so to remain and so to dwell. It is sitting for any reason – as a judge, in order to ambush, or just sitting quietly. Causatively, this can mean settling or marrying. This can also mean continue, endure, or establish.
^LXIX “rich carpets” = mad. 11x in OT. From madad (to measure, stretch, be extended, continue). This is measure, cloth, cloak, armor, stature, height.
^LXX “walk” = halak. Same as “kept” in v6. See note XLV above.
^LXXI “way” = derek. From darak (to tread, march, to walk. Can also mean affixing a string to a box since one needs to step on it to bend it in the process; so also an archer). This is a road as a thing that is walked on. Can be used figuratively for the path that one’s life takes or how one chooses to live one’s life.

^LXXII “sound” = qol. This is a sound, used often for human voices. Also used when God speaks or angels, animals or instruments. It can be a cry or a noise, thunder or earthquakes and so on.
^LXXIII “musicians” = chatsats. 3x in OT. From chatsats (to divide, chop, pierce, distribute, shoot an arrow, an archer). This is something that cuts or is cut. So, it can be gravel or an arrow.
^LXXIV “at” = bayin. From bin (to discern, consider, attend to; distinguishing things in one’s mind or, more generally, to understand). This is among, between, interval.
^LXXV “watering places” = mashab. 1x in OT. From shaab (to draw water – as pulling it up from a well). This is a watering place or a water trough for livestock.

^LXXVI “repeat” = tanah. 2x in OT. Perhaps related to tanah (to hire, bargain with a prostitute). This is to recount, commemorate, celebrate, lament.
^LXXVII “triumphs” = tsedaqah. From the same as tsedeq (rightness, righteousness, vindication. It is everything that is just or ethical. That which is right in a natural, moral, or legal sense. It also includes just weights (i.e. true weights). Figuratively, this is justice, righteousness, equity – even prosperity). This is righteousness, justice, righteous acts, and moral virtue.
^LXXVIII “down…marched” = yarad. This is to go down, descend; going down in a literal or figurative sense. It can be going to the shore or a boundary, bringing down an enemy.
^LXXIX “awake” = ur. This is to arise, lift, exult, or stir. It is to wake in a literal or figurative sense.

^LXXX “utter” = dabar. Related to “Deborah” in v1. See note I above.
^LXXXI “song” = shir. Related to “sang” in v1. From shir (see note V above). This is song or singer.
^LXXXII “lead away” = shbiy. From shebo (valuable stone, maybe agate) OR from shabah (to take captive, keep, a captor). This is prisoner, exiled, captivity, booty.
^LXXXIII “captives” = shabah. Related to “lead away” in v12. See note LXXXII above.
^LXXXIV “down marched” = radah. This is to step down, rule, dominate, have victory over, crumble.
^LXXXV “remnant” = sarid. From sarad (to escape or remain; properly, this refers to a puncture, so figuratively it is remaining or escaping by slipping out). This is survivor, remnant, or alive.
^LXXXVI “nobles” = addir. From adar (wide, glorious, honorable, great, magnificent). This is majestic, excellent, mighty, powerful, or noble.

^LXXXVII “marched down” = radah. Same as “down marched” in v13. See note LXXXIV above.
^LXXXVIII “mighty” = gibbor. From gabar (to be strong or mighty; to prevail or be insolent). This is strong, mighty, or powerful. This can imply a warrior, hero, or tyrant.
^LXXXIX “Ephraim” = Ephrayim. From the same as epher (ashes or dust – properly something strewn) OR from parah (to grow, increase, be fruitful in a literal or figurative sense). This is Ephraim, one of Joseph’s sons, his descendants, and their land.
^XC “valley” = shoresh. Perhaps from sharash (to root into soil or uproot). This is a root, depth, line, heel, bottom. It is root in a literal or figurative sense.

^XCI “following” = achar. From achar (to remain behind, linger, continue, be behind, or delay; can also imply procrastination). This is after or the last part, following.
^XCII “Benjamin” = Binyamin. Related to “son” in v1. From ben (see note III above) + from yamin (right hand or side; that which is stronger or more agile; the south); {perhaps yamam (to go or choose the right, use the right hand; to be physically fit or firm)}. This is Benjamin, meaning “son of the right hand.” It could refer to Benjamin himself, his offspring, their tribe, or their territory.
^XCIII “kin” = am. Same as “people” in v2. See note XI above.
^XCIV “Machir” = Makir. From makar (to sell – could be commerce/trade, a daughter to be married, someone into slavery; figuratively, to surrender). This is Machir or Makir, it is a name meaning “salesman.”
^XCV “marched down” = yarad. Same as “down…marched” in v11. See note LXXVIII above.

^XCVI “Zebulun” = Zebulun. From zabal (to dwell, inclose, reside). This is Zebulun, that tribe, or their territory. It means “habitation.”
^XCVII “bear” = mashak. This is to draw, drag, or pull. It can mean sow, march, remove, draw along, continue, extend, or prolong.
^XCVIII “marshal’s” = saphar. From sepher (writing, document, book, evidence). This is properly to tally or record something. It can be enumerate, recount, number, celebrate, or declare.
^XCIX “staff” = shebet. This is a rod, staff, club, scepter, dart, or tribe. Literally a stick that can be used for punishing, writing, fighting, walking, ruling; thus, used figuratively for a clan.

^C “chiefs” = sar. This is chief, leader, ruler, lord, official, governor, prince, military leader. It refers to someone at the top of a rank or class.
^CI “Issachar” = Yissaskar. Perhaps from nasa (to lift in a broad sense, literally and figuratively; to carry, take, or arise; to bring forth, advance, accept) + sakar (wages, payment, service, salary, worth, reward, or benefit); {from sakar (to hire, reward, earn)} OR ish (man); {perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail} + sakar (see above). This is Issachar, one of Jacob’s children and his tribe. It may mean “there is recompense,” “man of hire,” “he is wages,” or “he will bring a reward.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Issachar.html
^CII “faithful to” = ken. Perhaps from kun (properly, in a perpendicular position; literally, to establish, fix, fasten, prepare; figuratively, it is certainty, to be firm, faithfulness, render sure or prosperous). This is to set upright. Generally used figuratively to mean thus, so, afterwards, rightly so.

^CIII “valley” = emeq. From amoq (to be deep in a literal or figurative sense; profound). This is Vale or valley – frequently part of place names.
^CIV “rushed out” = shalach. This is to send out, away, send for, forsake. It can also mean to divorce or set a slave free.
^CV “heels” = regel. This is foot, endurance, or journey. It is a foot as the means of walking and so it implies a step or a greater journey. It can be used euphemistically for private parts.
^CVI “clans” = peluggah. 3x in OT. From palag (to split or divide in a literal or figurative sense; to confound). This is a division, grouping, clan, or section.
^CVII “Reuben” = Reuben. Related to “seen” in v8 & to “son” in v1 & “Benjamin” in v14. From raah (see note LIX above) + ben (see note III above). This is Reuben, meaning “behold a son.”

^CVIII “great” = gadol. From gadal (to grow up, become great, become wealthy – to advance. The root meaning may be to twist in the sense of the process of growing). This is great, high, bigger, noble, old, marvelous. It can also refer to someone who is powerful or distinguished.
^CIX “searchings” = cheqeq. Related to “commanders” in v9. 2x in OT. From the same as choq (statute, boundary, condition, custom, limit, ordinance; something that is prescribed or something that is owed); from chaqaq (see note LXIII above). This is thought, enactment, resolution, searching.
^CX “tarry” = yashab. Same as “sit” in v10. See note LXVIII above.
^CXI “among” = bayin. Same as “at” in v11. See note LXXIV above.
^CXII “sheepfolds” = mishpethayim. 2x in OT. Perhaps from the same as shaphath (to lay, ordain, locate, establish, light on fire, bring). This is fireplace, burden, sheepfold, cattle stall.

^CXIII “piping” = sheruqah. 2x in OT. From sharaq (to be shrill, hiss, whistle). This is a whistling, piping, or bleating. It can be in scorn.
^CXIV “flocks” = eder. From adar (fail, missing) OR from adar (to dig, help, keep rank; properly, to muster troops as for battle; to miss or lack since you can see who is missing following muster; to arrange like a vineyard and so to hoe). This is arrangement – of animals, a flock or herd.
^CXV “searchings” = cheqer. 12x in OT. From chaqar (properly, to penetrate; to thoroughly investigate, examine, ponder, or seek out). This is depth, inquiry – something to be examined or enumerated.

^CXVI “Gilead” = Gilad. From gala (to lay bare, quarrel, expose) OR from gal’ed (heap of testimony); {from gal (wave, billow, rock pile; something rolled; a spring of water); {from galal (to roll, roll away, wallow, commit, remove; rolling in a literal or figurative sense)} + ed (witness, testimony, recorder); from ud (to admonish, repeat, duplicate, testify, restore, record, relieve)}}. This is Gilead, meaning “perpetual fountain” or “heap of testimony.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Gilead.html#.Xw_EFShKhPY.
^CXVII “stayed” = shakan. This is to settle down in the sense of residing somewhere or staying there permanently. It can mean abide or continue. “Mishkan,” taken from this verb, is the Hebrew word for the Tabernacle (as a place where God abided).
^CXVIII “beyond” = eber. From abar (to pass over, pass through, or pass by; cross over or to alienate; used for transitions). This is the place across or beyond, by, from, other, the opposite side, against, over. It often refers to the other side of the Jordan river or toward the east.
^CXIX “Jordan” = Yarden. Related to “down…marched” in v11. From yarad (see note LXXVIII above). This is the Jordan River, meaning “descending.”

^CXX “Dan” = Dan. From din (to judge, defend, dispute, govern, quarrel, plead). This is Dan or a Danite. It means “judge” and can refer to Dan, his tribe, or the lands of the tribe.
^CXXI “abide” = gur. Properly, this is the act of turning off the road for any reason. So, it means sojourning, becoming a guest. It can mean being fearful since one is outside of home territory. It can also mean dwelling, living, or inhabiting if one has turned off the root to encamp for a longer duration. This word is where the Hebrew “ger” comes from, which is the word translated “stranger” or “resident alien.”
^CXXII “ships” = oniyyah. From the same as oni (ships, a fleet); probably from anah (to meet, happen, approach). This is ships or sailors.

^CXXIII “Asher” = Asher. From ashar (to go straight, lead, guide; to be level and so to be right, blessed, honest, happy). This is Asher, one of Jacob’s children and his tribe. It means “happy one.”
^CXXIV “sat still” = yashab. Same as “sit” in v10. See note LXVIII above.
^CXXV “coast” = choph. 7x in OT. From chaphaph (to surround, cover, or shield; to surround in order to protect). This is a shore, cove, or haven.
^CXXVI “sea” = yam. Root may mean to roar. This is the sea, often referring to the Mediterranean. It comes from the root in the sense of the roar of crashing surf. This word is sometimes used for rivers or other sources of water. It can mean to the west or to the south.

^CXXVII “settling down” = shakan. Same as “stayed” in v17. See note CXVII above.
^CXXVIII “landings” = miphrats. 1x in OT. From parats (to make a breach, burst out, compel, disperse; to break out literally or figuratively). This is a landing or a haven.
^CXXIX “scorned” = charaph. This is to expose and so figuratively to reproach, defame, carp at, defy. It can also mean spend the winter or betroth.
^CXXX {untranslated} = nephesh. Related to naphash (to refresh or be refreshed). This is soul, self, person, emotion. It is a breathing creature. Can also refer to appetites and desires.
^CXXXI “death” = mut. This is to die in a literal or figurative sense. It can also refer to being a dead body.

^CXXXII “Naphtali” = Naphtali. From pathal (to twist, twine, wrestle, struggle, behave in an unsavory way). This is Naphtali, meaning “my wrestling.” It can refer to Naphtali, his tribe, or the lands of the tribe.
^CXXXIII “heights” = marom. From rum (to be high, rise, exalted, become proud, display, offer, present, set apart, extol; to rise in a literal or figurative sense). This can be height, high place, or lofty. It can be either exalted or haughty/proud. It can refer to dignity or to heaven.
^CXXXIV “field” = sadeh. Same as “region” in v4. See note XXIV above.

^CXXXV “came” = bo. This is to enter, come in, advance, fulfill, bring offerings, enter to worship, attack. It can also have a sexual connotation.
^CXXXVI “fought” = lacham. Related to “war” in v8. See note LV above.
^CXXXVII “Canaan” = Kna’an. From kana’ (to be humble, subdue; properly, bend the knee). This is Canaan, his descendants, and the land where they settled. This could mean lowlands, describing their land or subjugated in reference to being conquered by Egypt. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaan

^CXXXVIII “Taanach” = Tanak. 7x in OT. This is Taanach, Tanach, or Tanak. Its meaning is unclear. It may mean “wandering through” or “sandy.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Taanach.html
^CXXXIX “Megiddo” = Mgiddon. 12x in OT. Perhaps from abdan (destruction, perishing); {from abad (to wander off, lose self; to perish, destroy, die, vanish, or be broken or corrupt)} OR from gadad (to cut, gather, assemble, crowd; also, to gash as pushing in). This is Megiddo or Megiddon. It may mean “tower” or “rendezvous” or “invading” or “Place of exposure” or “place of troops” or “place of multitudes.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Megiddo.html
^CXL “got” = laqach. This is to take, accept, carry away, receive. It can also have the sense of take a wife or take in marriage.
^CXLI “spoils” = betsa. From batsa (to break or cut off, to acquire violently, break ranks, greedy, fulfill; usually, it means to plunder). This is dishonest gain or gain from violence. It can also be plunder or profit.
^CXLII “silver” = keseph. From kasaph (to long for, be greedy; to become pale). This is silver or money.

^CXLIII “stars” = kokab. Perhaps from the same as kavah (to prick, blister, burn, scorch). This is a star as shining, stargaze. Figuratively, can mean prince.
^CXLIV “courses” = mesillah. From salal (to lift up, build, pile, extol, exalt; can also be used for opposing as a dam holds back water). This is highway, path, step. It could be a course in a figurative sense or specifically a viaduct or staircase.
^CXLV “Sisera” = Sisera. Related to “seen” in v8 & “Reuben” in v15. Perhaps from Hittite verb (to meditate) OR related to sus (root may mean to skip as in jump for joy; a crane or a swift bird; a horse as leaping) + raah (see note LIX above). This is Sisera, perhaps meaning “meditation, “keen and swift,” or “see the horse.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Sisera.html#.X2FO22hKhPY

^CXLVI “torrent” = nachal. From nachal (to take as heritage, inherit, or distribute). This is a river or stream. It could be a wadi or arroyo – sometimes a narrow valley with no water at all, but in strong rains or when winter snow melts, it swells or floods with water.
^CXLVII “Kishon” = Qishon. 6x in OT– regarding this incident and Elijah’s contest with the priests of Baal in 1 Kings 18. From qush (to ensnare, bend, set a trap); perhaps from yaqosh (ensnare, lay bait, lure, trapper; to snare literally or figuratively). This is Kishon or Qishon, meaning “winding.”
^CXLVIII “swept…away” = garaph. 1x in OT. This is to bear away violently.

^CXLIX “onrushing” = qedumim. 1x in OT. From the same as qedem (front, formerly, before, east, eternal, everlasting, antiquity) OR from qadam (to come in front or be in front; to meet, anticipate, confront, receive, or rise; sometimes to meet for help). This may be ancient or hero.
^CL “march on” = darak. Related to “way” in v10. See note LXXI above.
^CLI “soul” = nephesh. Same as {untranslated} in v18. See note CXXX above.
^CLII “might” = oz. From azaz (to be strong, become fixed, be bold, prevail, be impudent; it means to be stout literally or figuratively. A Late Hebrew word). This is strength in the sense of force, majesty, praise, material and physical strength, the abstract notion of security. It can also speak of social or political power.

^CLIII “loud beat” = halam. 9x in OT. This is to strike, hammer, smash, beat, overcome, conquer.
^CLIV “horses’” = sus. Related to “Sisera” in v20. See note CXLV above.
^CLV “hoofs” = aqeb. 13x in OT. This is heel, hind part, hoof, rear guard of an army, one who lies in wait, or usurper.
^CLVI “galloping” = daharah. 2x in OT. From dahar (to rush, dash, pause). This is rushing, dashing, or galloping.
^CLVII “steeds” = abbir. 17x in OT. From abir (strong, mighty); from abar (to fly, soar). This is mighty or valiant. It could refer to a mighty one broadly, an angel, or a bull.

^CLVIII “Meroz” = Meroz. Perhaps from the same as erez (cedar or a cedar tree as strong); perhaps from araz (made from cedar; to be firm, strong). This is a place called Meroz.
^CLIX “says” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note VII above.
^CLX “angel” = malak. This is a messenger, an angel, or a deputy of some kind. Can be used for human messengers literally or for prophets, priests, or teachers as messengers of God. Also used for supernatural messengers i.e. angels.
^CLXI “curse bitterly” = arar + arar. The word is repeated twice – the second time as an Infinitive Absolute. The Infinitive Absolute serves to emphasize the sentiment of the word. It is rather like Foghorn Leghorn’s speech pattern, “I said, I said.”
^CLXII “inhabitants” = yashab. Same as “sit” in v10. See note LXVIII above.

^CLXIII “help” = ezrah. From ezer (help, aid, helper); from azar (to help, protect, support, ally; properly, to surround so as to provide aid). This is help, helper, support.
^CLXIV “women” = ishshah. From ish (man); perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail). This is woman, wife, or female.
^CLXV “wife” = ishshah. Same as “women” in v24. See note CLXIV above.
^CLXVI “Heber” = Cheber. 11x in OT. From chabar (to unite, ally, attach, touch; to join in a literal or figurative sense; also, specially, using magic knots or spells to fascinate or connect). This is Heber of Cheber, a name meaning, “community,” “fellowship,” “associate,” or “companion.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Heber.html
^CLXVII “Kenite” = Qeni. 13x in OT. From Qayin (Cain, the name or Kenite – the people or their territory; meaning “spear,” “smith,” “acquisition,” or “political leader.”); from the same as qayin (spear); from qun (to chant a lament, to play a musical note). This is Kenite. It may mean “nestling,” “people of the spear,” or “senatorial.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Cain.html & https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Kenite.html

^CLXVIII “tent-dwelling” = ohel. Perhaps from ahal (to shine, be clear). This is a tent, covering, home, or side pillar.
^CLXIX “asked” = shaal. This is to ask, inquire, beg, borrow, desire, request. It can also mean to demand.
^CLXX “milk” = chalab. Perhaps from the same as cheleb (fat, finest, marrow; fat in a literal or figurative sense; the richest or best part). This is milk or cheese or suckling.
^CLXXI “gave” = natan. This is to give, put, set, offer. It is to give literally or figuratively.

^CLXXII “brought” = qarab. This is to come near, offer, make ready, approach, take.
^CLXXIII “curds” = chemah. 10x in OT. Perhaps from the same as chomah (a wall for protection); from the same as cham (father-in-law – one’s husband’s father; perhaps from a root meaning to join). This is milk products like curds, butter, or cheese.
^CLXXIV “lordly” = addir. Same as “nobles” in v13. See note LXXXVI above.
^CLXXV “bowl” = sephel. 2x in OT. May come from a word that means depress. This is a bowl, dish, or basin.

^CLXXVI “put” = shalach. Same as “rushed out” in v15. See note CIV above.
^CLXXVII “hand” = yad. This is hand, ability, power. Hand in a literal sense, but also what one can do or the means by which one does it.
^CLXXVIII “tent peg” = yathed. This may come from a word that means to pin securely. This is a peg, a tent peg, a pin.
^CLXXIX “right hand” = yamin. Related to “Benjamin” in v14. See note XCII above.
^CLXXX “workers’” = amel. 9x in OT. From amal (to work – hard labor). This is a laborer, one who suffers, wicked. It could also mean sorrowful.
^CLXXXI “mallet” = halmuth. Related to “loud beat” in v22. 1x in OT. From halam (to strike, hammer, smash, beat, overcome, conquer). This is a hammer or mallet.

^CLXXXII “struck…a blow” = halam. Same as “loud beat” in v22. See note CLIII above.
^CLXXXIII “crushed” = machaq. 1x in OT. This is to destroy, annihilate, smash.
^CLXXXIV “head” = rosh. This may come a word that means to shake. It is the head, captain, or chief. It can also be excellent or the forefront. It can be first in position or in statue or in time (i.e. the beginning).
^CLXXXV “shattered” = machats. 14x in OT. This is to dash asunder, severely wound, strike, crush. Figuratively, it is to subdue or destroy.
^CLXXXVI “pierced” = chalaph. This is to slide by or rush like a flood. It can mean to pass through, change, sprout, renew, break a promise, pierce, or violate.
^CLXXXVII “temple” = raqqah. 5x in OT. From the same as raq (thin, surely, only); perhaps from raqaq (to spit). This is literally thinness, which refers to the temple of one’s head or the cheeks.

^CLXXXVIII “between” = bayin. Same as “at” in v11. See note LXXIV above.
^CLXXXIX “feet” = regel. Same as “heels” in v15. See note CV above.
^CXC “sank” = kara. This is to bow, crouch, kneel down, subdue. It is to bend the knee in many senses. It can also mean to smite, a woman crouching in childbirth, or bowing to worship God.
^CXCI “fell” = naphal. This is to fall, whether by accident, to fall prostrate, or to fall in violent death. Figuratively, it can refer to personal ruin or calamity, a city falling, an attack or a falling away. It can also be a deep sleep or wasting away.
^CXCII “lay still” = shakab. This is to lie down, lodge. It is lying for sleep, sex, or other reasons.

^CXCIII “dead” = shadad. Related to “region” in v4. See note XXIV above.
^CXCIV “out of” = baad. Perhaps from ad (up to, while); from adah (to pass on, advance, decorate oneself). This is up to, behind, over, among.
^CXCV “window” = challon. From chalal (to pierce, which implies to wound; used figuratively for making someone or something profane or breaking your word; to begin as though one opened a wedge; to eat something as a common thing). This is window.
^CXCVI “peered” = shaqaph. This is to look down or look out. Properly, it is looking by leaning out a window. It can be peeping or gazing.

^CXCVII “gazed” = yabab. 1x in OT. This is to lament, cry out, or gaze.
^CXCVIII “through” = baad. Same as “out of” in v28. See note CXIV above.
^CXCIX “lattice” = eshnab. 2x in OT. May be from a word that means leaving small opening. This is a lattice or casement.
^CC “why” = maddua. From mah (what, how long) + yada (to know, be aware, see and so understand – includes observation, care, recognition; can also be used as a euphemism). This is why or how.
^CCI “chariot” = rekeb. Related to “ride” in v10. From rakab (see note LXV above). This is a vehicle, wagon, or chariot. It can be cavalry or an individual rider.
^CCII “is…so long” = bosh. Properly, this means to be pale, which implies shame, disappointment, or confusion.

^CCIII “why” = maddua. Same as “why” in v28. See note CC above.
^CCIV “tarry” = achar. Related to “following” in v14. 17x in OT. See note XCI above.
^CCV “hoofbeats” = paam. From paam (to move, trouble; to tap in a regular rhythm; to agitate). This is a beat, stroke, footstep, or occurrence.
^CCVI “chariots” = merkabah. Related to “ride” in v10 & “chariot” in v28.From merkab (chariot, saddle, covering; any seat in a vehicle); from rakab (see note LXV above). This is a chariot.

^CCVII “wisest” = chakam. From chakam (to be wise or teach wisdom; this is wisdom in thought, word, or action). This is wise, skillful, cunning, or artful.
^CCVIII “ladies” = sarah. Related to “chiefs” inv 15. 5x in OT. From sar (see note C above). This is a noblewoman, mistress, princess, or queen. It is the root of Sarah’s name.
^CCIX “make answer” = anah. Related to “Anath” in v6. See note XL above.
^CCX “indeed” = aph. This is also, furthermore, even.
^CCXI “answers the question” = shub + amar. Shub is to turn back, return, turn away – literally or figuratively. Doesn’t necessarily imply going back to where you started from. This is also the root verb for the Hebrew word for repentance “teshubah.” Amar is the same as {untranslated} in v1. See note VII above.

^CCXII “finding” = matsa. This is to find, catch or acquire. It can also mean to come forth or appear. Figuratively, this can mean to meet or be together with.
^CCXIII “dividing” = chalaq. This is to be smooth in a figurative sense. So, it can refer to the stones that were part of casting lots – hence, apportion, share, distribute. Figuratively, it can also mean to flatter.
^CCXIV “spoil” = shalal. From shalal (to plunder, loot, capture). This is spoil, prey, or plunder.
^CCXV “woman” = racham. From the same as rechem (womb); from racham (to love, have compassion, have mercy); from racham (compassion, tender love, womb, compassion; the womb as that which cherishes the fetus). This is compassion, mercy, or tender love.
^CCXVI “two” = rachamah. Related to “woman” in v30. 1x in OT. From the same as rechem (see note CCXV above). This is maiden.
^CCXVII “every” = rosh. Same as “head” in v26. See note CLXXXIV above.
^CCXVIII “man” = geber. Related to “mighty” in v13. From gabar (see note LXXXVIII above) This is man, warrior, a person generally, or a valiant person.

^CCXIX “spoil” = shalal. Same as “spoil” in v30. See note CCXIV above.
^CCXX “dyed stuffs” = tseba. 3x in OT. May come from a word that means to dip. It is dye, color, or something that has been dyed.
^CCXXI “spoil” = shalal. Same as “spoil” in v30. See note CCXIV above.
^CCXXII “embroidered” = riqmah. 12x in OT. From raqam (to embroider, weave, vary color, fabricate). This is embroidered work or cloth, multi-colored, multi-colored stones.
^CCXXIII “dyed work” = tseba. Same as “dyed stuffs” in v30. See note CCXX above.
^CCXXIV “neck” = tsavvar. Perhaps from tsur (to confine, cramp, or bind in a literal or figurative sense; to besiege, assault, or distress, adversary). This is the neck or the back of the neck.
^CCXXV “spoil” = shalal. Same as “spoil” in v30. See note CCXIV above.

^CCXXVI “so” = ken. Same as “faithful to” in v15. See note CII above.
^CCXXVII “perish” = abad. Related to “Megiddo” in v19. See note CXXXIX above.
^CCXXVIII “all” = kol. From kalal (to complete). This is all or every.
^CCXXIX “enemies” = oyeb. From ayab (to hate or be hostile to). This is a foe or enemy as one that you are hostile to.

^CCXXX “friends” = aheb. This is to love, beloved, friend. It is to have affection for sexually or otherwise.
^CCXXXI “sun” = shemesh. This is sun or toward the east. Its root may mean being brilliant. Figuratively, this could be a ray or an arch.
^CCXXXII “rises” = yatsa. Same as “went out” in v4. See note XXI above.
^CCXXXIII “might” = geburah. Related to “mighty” in v13 & “man” in v30. From gabar (see note LXXXVIII above). This is force in a literal or figurative sense. So, it could be strength, power, courage, triumph, victory, or mastery.
^CCXXXIV “land” = erets. Same as “earth” in v4. See note XXVI above.
^CCXXXV “had rest” = shaqat. This is to be quiet, rest, calm, settle, be still, peace.
^CCXXXVI “years” = shanah. From shana (to change, alter). This is a year, age, old. It can also mean yearly.