1 Samuel 4

^I “word” = dabar. From dabar (to speak, declare, discuss). This is speech, a word, a matter, an affair, charge, command, message, promise, purpose, report, request. It is a word, which implies things that are spoken of in a wide sense.
^II “Samuel” = Shemuel. From shem (name, fame, renown; indicating something essential about a person; honor, authority, or character); {may be from sum (to put, place, set)} + El (God, a god) OR from shama (hear, call, consent, or consider; implies listening intelligently, giving attention; obedience and action are often implied) + El (God, a god).This is Samuel meaning either the “name of God” or “heard of God.”
^III “came” = hayah. This is to be or become, to happen.

^IV “all” = kol. From kalal (to complete). This is all or every.
^V “Israel” = Yisrael. Related to “Samuel” in v1. From sarah (to persist, exert oneself, contend, persevere, wrestle, prevail) + El (see note II above). This is Israel, meaning God strives or one who strives with God; new name for Jacob and for his offspring. This refers to the people and to the land.
^VI “Philistines” = Pelishti. From Pelesheth (Philistia); from palash (to mourn, wallow, maybe roll in). This is Philistines. Their name may mean “griever” or “burrower” or “weakener.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Philistine.html.
^VII “mustered” = yatsa. This is to go or come out, bring forth, appear. It is to go out in a literal or figurative sense.

^VIII “war” = qara. This is to meet, befall, happen upon. It can be to encounter by chance or for aggression.
^IX “battle” = milchamah. From lacham (to eat or feed on; figuratively, to battle as a kind of consumption/destruction). This is battle, war, fighting, or one who fights (i.e. a warrior).
^X “encamped” = chanah. This is decline, bending down, or living in tents. It can be camping to create a home or camping as a part of battle.
^XI “Ebenezer” = Eben Haezer. 3x in OT – all in 1 Samuel. From eben (stone, weight, mason); {perhaps from banah (to build, make, set up, obtain children; to build literally or figuratively)} + ezer (help, aid, helper); {from azar (to help, protect, support, ally; properly, to surround so as to provide aid)}. This is Ebenezer, which means “stone of the help.”
^XII “Aphek” = Apheq. 9x in OT. From aphaq (to be strong, force, control, hold). This is Apheq, Aphek, or Aphik. It is a place, perhaps meaning “fortress.”

^XIII “drew up in line” = arak. This is to arrange by setting in a row. It can also mean to set a battle, estimate, put in order, or compare.
^XIV “against” = qara. Same as “war” in v1. See note VIII above.
^XV “joined” = natash. Properly, this is to beat or pound as when something is beaten in order to expand or disperse. It can be leave, abandon, allow, neglect, spread, fall, or thrust out.
^XVI “defeated” = nagaph. This is to strike, beat, hurt, stumble, defeat, inflict disease.
^XVII “by” = paneh. From panah (to turn, face, appear). This is face in a literal or figurative sense. It could be face, presence, anger, respect. It can also be used of God to indicate divine favor or presence.

^XVIII “killed” = nakah. This is to hit whether lightly or severely. It can be used in a literal or figurative sense. So, this could be beat, punish, give wounds, kill, or slaughter.
^XIX “four” = arba. From raba (to make square or be four-sided). This is four.
^XX “thousand” = eleph. Perhaps from the same as eleph (herd, cattle); from alaph (to learn, speak, associate with). This is thousand.
^XXI “men” = ish. Perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail). This is man, husband, another, or humankind.

^XXII “field” = sadeh. From the same as shadday (almighty, field, land); from shadad (to devastate, ruin, destroy, oppress, be powerful). Or, it may be from a word that means to spread out. This is field, ground, soil, or land. It can be used to mean wild as in a wild animal.
^XXIII “battle” = maarakah. Related to “drew up in line” in v2. 19x in OT. From arak (see note XIII above). This is a row or rank. More broadly, it can refer to a formation such as used in a military setting or any other ordered arrangement.
^XXIV “troops” = am. From amam (to darken, hide, associate; creating shadows by huddling together). This is people or nation. It can be used specifically for a tribe, collectively of troops or armies, or figuratively to refer to a flock of animals.
^XXV “came” = bo. This is to enter, come in, advance, fulfill, bring offerings, enter to worship, attack. It can also have a sexual connotation.
^XXVI “camp” = machaneh. Related to “encamped” in v1. From chanah (see note X above). This is an encampment, whether of people traveling together or soldiers. So, it can be a camp band, or company as well as an army of soldiers. Also can be used of other groups like animals, angels or stars.

^XXVII “elders” = zaqen. From the same as zaqan (beard or chin – the beard represents old age). This is old, aged, or elder.
^XXVIII “said” = amar. This is to speak, say, answer, command, promise, report.
^XXIX “Lord” = YHVH. Related to “came” in v1. From havah (to be, become) or hayah (see note III above). This is the name of the God of Israel, the self-existent and eternal one, the tetragrammaton. This pronunciation has been lost to time so “Lord” is generally used in its place.
^XXX “put…to rout” = nagaph. Same as “defeated” in v2. See note XVI above.
^XXXI “today” = yom. Root may mean being hot. This is the day in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean birth, age, daylight, continually or other references to time.
^XXXII “before” = paneh. Same as “by” in v2. See note XVII above.

^XXXIII “bring” = laqach. This is to take, accept, carry away, receive. It can also have the sense of take a wife or take in marriage.
^XXXIV “ark” = aron. Perhaps from arah (to gather or pluck). This is a chest, box, or coffin. It is used for the Ark of the Covenant.
^XXXV “covenant” = berit. Perhaps from barah (to eat, choose, make clear); perhaps from bar (grain, wheat); from barar (to select, purify, cleanse, test, brighten, polish). This is a compact, covenant, alliance, treaty, or league.
^XXXVI “Shiloh” = Shiloh. From shalah (to draw out, take away, require) OR from the same as Shiyloh (Shiloh; perhaps “he whose it is” or “tranquil”); perhaps from shalah (to be quiet, safe, tranquil; can imply success or happiness; could also mean to deceive or be negligent). This is Shiloh, perhaps “he whose it is” or “tranquil.”

^XXXVII “come” = bo. Same as “came” in v3. See note XXV above.
^XXXVIII “among” = qereb. Perhaps from qarab (to come near or approach). This is among, in the midst, before, the center It is the inward part, whether literal or figurative. It can also be used for the heart, the site of thoughts and feelings. This word is also used as a technical term for the entrails of the animals who are sacrificed.
^XXXIX “save” = yasha. To deliver, defend, help, preserve, rescue, be safe. Properly, to be open, wide or free, which implies being safe. Used causatively, it means to free.
^XL “power” = kaph. From kaphaph (to bend – from a root meaning curve or bend down). This is palm of the hand or sole of the foot, footstep, grasp. Figuratively, it can also mean power.
^XLI “enemies” = oyeb. From ayab (to hate or be hostile to). This is a foe or enemy as one that you are hostile to.

^XLII “people” = am. Same as “troops” in v3. See note XXIV above.
^XLIII “sent” = shalach. This is to send out, away, send for, forsake. It can also mean to divorce or set a slave free.
^XLIV “brought” = nasa. This is to lift in a broad sense, literally and figuratively. So it could be to carry, take, or arise. It could also be bring forth, advance, accept.
^XLV “Lord” = YHVH. Related to “came” in v1 & “Lord” in v3. From the same as YHVH (see note XXIX above). This is a secondary spelling of the Lord, the name of the God of Israel. It has the same meaning.
^XLVI “hosts” = tsaba. From tsaba (to wage war, serve, assemble, fight, perform, muster, wait on). This is a large group of persons (used figuratively for a group of things). It implies a campaign literally as with army, war, warfare, battle, company, soldiers. Can also be used figuratively for hardship or for worship.

^XLVII “enthroned” = yashab. This is to sit and so to remain and so to dwell. It is sitting for any reason – as a judge, in order to ambush, or just sitting quietly. Causatively, this can mean settling or marrying. This can also mean continue, endure, or establish.
^XLVIII “cherubim” = kerub. Perhaps related to Akkadian (“to bless” or “one who blesses”). This is a cherub – perhaps a class of angels. See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91#Hebrew
^XLIX “two” = shenayim. From sheni (double, again, another, second); from shanah (to fold, repeat, double, alter, or disguise). This is two, both, second, couple.
^L “sons” = ben. Related to “Ebenezer” in v1. From banah (see note XI above). This is son, age, child. It is son in a literal or figurative sense.
^LI “Eli” = Eli. From alah (to go up, climb, approach, bring; to be high or actively climb; can be literal or figurative). This is Eli, meaning “lofty.”

^LII “Hophni” = Chophni. 5x in OT. From the same as chophen (fist, handful). This is Hophni, a name that may mean “boxer.”
^LIII “Phinehas” = Phinechas. Perhaps from peh (mouth in a literal or figurative sense; literally, beak or jaws; figuratively, speech, commands, or promises); {perhaps from pa’ah (to puff, scatter, cut in pieces)} + nachash (a serpent or snake); {from nachash (to divine, interpret omens, learn from experience, observe; to hiss)} OR from panah (to turn, face, appear) + chasah (to seek refuge). This is Phinehas, a name that may mean “mouth of a serpent,” “bronze-colored one,” “mouth of brass,” “oracle,” “trust your heart,” or “turn and hide.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Phinehas.html
^LIV “God” = Elohim. Related to “Samuel” and “Israel” in v1. See note II above.

^LV {untranslated} = hayah. Same as “came” in v1. See note III above.
^LVI “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v3. See note XXIX above.
^LVII “came” = bo. Same as “came” in v3. See note XXV above.
^LVIII “gave” = rua. To break or destroy something so figuratively, an ear splitting sound such as a call of alarm or a joyful sound.
^LIX “mighty” = gadol. From gadal (to grow up, become great, become wealthy – to advance. The root meaning may be to twist in the sense of the process of growing). This is great, high, bigger, noble, old, marvelous. It can also refer to someone who is powerful or distinguished.
^LX “shout” = teruah. Related to “gave” in v5. From rua (see note LVIII above). This is an alarm, trumpet sound, battle cry, rejoicing, joyful shout, or jubilee.

^LXI “earth” = erets. Root may mean to be firm. This is earth, ground, field land, or country.
^LXII “resounded” = hum. 5x in OT. This is to roar, murmur, cause an uproar, agitate, be distraught. It is to defeat in battle, destroy.
^LXIII “heard” = shama. Related to “Samuel” in v1. See note II above.
^LXIV “noise” = qol. This is a sound, used often for human voices. Also used when God speaks or angels, animals or instruments. It can be a cry or a noise, thunder or earthquakes and so on.

^LXV {untranslated} = qol. Same as “noise” in v6. See note LXIV above.
^LXVI “great” = gadol. Same as “mighty” in v5. See note LIX above.
^LXVII “Hebrews” = Ibri. From Eber (the region beyond; Eber, the name of several Israelites including a descendant of Shem); from abar (to pass over, pass through, or pass by; cross over or to alienate; used for transitions). This is Hebrew, perhaps meaning a descendant of Eber.
^LXVIII “learned” = yada. This is to know, acknowledge, advise, answer, be aware, be acquainted with. Properly, this is to figure something out by seeing. It includes ideas of observation, recognition, and care about something. It can be used causatively for instruction, designation, and punishment.
^LXIX “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v3. See note XXIX above.
^LXX “come” = bo. Same as “came” in v3. See note XXV above.

^LXXI “were afraid” = yare. This is to fear, be afraid, dreadful. It can also refer to fearful reverence – to fear in a moral sense is to say to revere, respect.
^LXXII “Gods” = elohim. Same as “God” in v4. See note LIV above.
^LXXIII “come” = bo. Same as “came” in v3. See note XXV above.

^LXXIV “woe” = oy. Perhaps from avah (to desire, crave, wish for, lust after). This is a mournful cry – woe, alas. Perhaps where the Yiddish “oy” comes from.
^LXXV “happened” = hayah. Same as “came” in v1. See note III above.
^LXXVI “before” = ethmol + shilshom. Ethmol is related to “woe” in v7. 8x in OT. From et (with, among, beside, including, toward, near); from anah (to meet, happen, approach)} + mul (front, opposite, toward); {from mul (to cut short, circumcise, blunt, destroy)}. This is formerly, before, yesterday, time. Shilshom is from shalash (to make triplicate, do a third time); from the same as shalosh (three, fork, three times). This is three days ago, before, yesterday in the past.

^LXXVII “deliver” = natsal. This is to snatch someone or something away in a good sense – as rescue, defend, or deliver – or in a bad sense – as strip or plunder.
^LXXVIII “power” = yad. This is hand, ability, power. Hand in a literal sense, but also what one can do or the means by which one does it.
^LXXIX “mighty” = addir. From adar (wide, glorious, honorable, great, magnificent). This is majestic, excellent, mighty, powerful, or noble.
^LXXX “struck” = nakah. Same as “killed” in v2. See note XVIII above.
^LXXXI “Egyptians” = Mitsrayim. Perhaps from matsor (besieged or fortified place, bulwark, entrenchment; something hemmed in; a siege or distress or fastness); from tsur (to confine, besiege, to cramp). This is Egypt.

^LXXXII “every sort” = kol. Same as “all” in v1. See note IV above.
^LXXXIII “plague” = makkah. Related to “killed” in v2. From nakah (see note XVIII above). This is a wound, injury, blow. Figuratively, it could be disaster, slaughter, or pestilence.
^LXXXIV “wilderness” = midbar. Related to “word” in v1. From dabar (see note I above). This is mouth or speech. It can also be desert or wilderness. Additionally, it can be used for a pasture to which one drives cattle.
^LXXXV “take courage” = chazaq. This is to strengthen, seize, be courageous, repair, bind, heal, conquer, harden.
^LXXXVI “be” = hayah. Same as “came” in v1. See note III above.

^LXXXVII “in order not” = pen. Related to “by” in v2. Perhaps from panah (see note XVII above). This is lest, if, or.
^LXXXVIII “become slaves” = abad. This is to work, serve, or compel. It can describe any kind of work or service (including religious devotion).  Also, till or cultivate. Used causatively, it can mean to enslave or keep in bondage.
^LXXXIX “been” = abad. Same as “become slaves” in v9. See note LXXXVIII above.
^XC “be” = hayah. Same as “came” in v1. See note III above.
^XCI “fight” = lacham. Related to “battle” in v1. See note IX above.

^XCII “fled” = nus. This is to flee, vanish away, hide, escape, be displayed.
^XCIII “everyone” = ish. Same as “men” in v2. See note XXI above.
^XCIV “home” = ohel. Perhaps from ahal (to shine, be clear). This is a tent, covering, home, or side pillar.
^XCV “was” = hayah. Same as “came” in v1. See note III above.
^XCVI “very” = meod. Perhaps from the same as uwd (firebrand, a poker). This is very, greatly, exceedingly. It can also mean vehemence, force, abundance.
^XCVII “slaughter” = makkah. Same as “plague” in v8. See note LXXXIII above.

^XCVIII “fell” = naphal. This is to fall, whether by accident, to fall prostrate, or to fall in violent death. Figuratively, it can refer to personal ruin or calamity, a city falling, an attack or a falling away. It can also be a deep sleep or wasting away.
^XCIX “thirty” = sheloshim. Related to “before” in v7. From the same as shalosh (see note LXXVI above). This is thirty or thirtieth.
^C “foot soldiers” = ragli. 12x in OT. From the same as regel (foot, endurance, or journey; a foot as the means of walking and so it implies a step or a greater journey; can euphemistically mean private parts). This is on foot or a soldier (as one who goes on foot).
^CI “captured” = laqach. Same as “bring” in v3. See note XXXIII above.
^CII “died” = mut. This is to die in a literal or figurative sense. It can also refer to being a dead body.

^CIII “Benjamin” = Binyamin. Related to “Ebenezer” in v1 & “sons” in v4. From ben (see note L above) + from yamin (right hand or side; that which is stronger or more agile; the south); {perhaps yamam (to go or choose the right, use the right hand; to be physically fit or firm)}. This is Benjamin, meaning “son of the right hand.” It could refer to Benjamin himself, his offspring, their tribe, or their territory.
^CIV “ran” = ruts. This is to run or rush, divide quickly, bring swiftly. It can also refer to a footman or guard.
^CV “battle line” = maarakah. Same as “battle” in v2. See note XXIII above.
^CVI “came” = bo. Same as “came” in v3. See note XXV above.
^CVII “day” = yom. Same as “today” in v3. See note XXXI above.

^CVIII “clothes” = mad. 11x in OT. From madad (to measure, stretch, be extended, continue). This is measure, cloth, cloak, armor, stature, height.
^CIX “torn” = qara. This is to tear or cut out in a literal or figurative sense. It can also be to revile or to apply eye make up – as though they are made to look larger.
^CX “earth” = adamah. From the same as adam (man, humankind); perhaps from ‘adom (to be red). This is ground, earth, soil as red, or land.
^CXI “head” = rosh. This may come a word that means to shake. It is the head, captain, or chief. It can also be excellent or the forefront. It can be first in position or in statue or in time (i.e. the beginning).

^CXII “arrived” = bo. Same as “came” in v3. See note XXV above.
^CXIII {untranslated} = hinneh. From hen (lo! Behold! If, though; an expression of surprise). This is to draw attention, show suddenness or surprise, or to emphasize the importance of the coming statement. See! Lo! Behold!
^CXIV “sitting” = yashab. Same as “enthroned” in v4. See note XLVII above.
^CXV “seat” = kisse. From the same as kese (full moon); perhaps from kasah (to cover, conceal, overwhelm; to cover as clothes do or to hide a secret). This is throne – a seat that is covered or has a canopy. Thus, it is a seat that conveys authority.

^CXVI {untranslated} = nakah. Same as “killed” in v2. See note XVIII above.
^CXVII “road” = derek. From darak (to tread, march, to walk. Can also mean affixing a string to a box since one needs to step on it to bend it in the process; so also an archer). This is a road as a thing that is walked on. Can be used figuratively for the path that one’s life takes or how one chooses to live one’s life.
^CXVIII “watching” = tsaphah. This is to keep watch or spy – to look out. Properly, it refers to leaning forward to look out. It implies observing or awaiting.
^CXIX {untranslated} = hayah. Same as “came” in v1. See note III above.

^CXX “heart” = leb. From the same as lebab (the heart, courage, one’s inner self, the mind, the will; only used in a figurative sense in the Bible); may be related to labab (to encourage; properly, to be encased as with fat; used in a good sense, this means to transport someone with love; used in a bad sense, it can mean to dull one’s senses).. This is inner self, mind, will, feelings, the center.
^CXXI “trembled” = chared. 6x in OT. From charad (to tremble, be terrified, hurry because of anxiety). This is afraid, trembling, or reverential.
^CXXII “came” = bo. Same as “came” in v3. See note XXV above.
^CXXIII “city” = iyr. From uwr (to awaken or wake oneself up). This can mean excitement in the sense of wakefulness or city. Properly, this is a place that is guarded. Guards kept schedules according to watches. This sense of the word would include cities as well as encampments or posts that were guarded.

^CXXIV “told” = nagad. This is to declare, make conspicuous, stand in front, manifest, predict, explain.
^CXXV “cried out” = zaaq. This is to cry or call out. It can be a call to assemble or gather together. By analogy, this could refer to a herald who announces a public gathering. It could also be a shriek from pain or danger.
^CXXVI “sound” = qol. Same as “noise” in v6. See note LXIV above.
^CXXVII “outcry” = tseaqah. From tsaaq (to cry out or call together, to shriek; by implication, calling for an assembly). This is a cry for help, shriek or outcry.
^CXXVIII “uproar” = qol + hamon. Qol is the same as “noise” in v6. See note LXIV above. Hamon is from hamah (to growl, cry out, be moved, murmur, hum, mourn, rage, clamor). This is a sound, noise, roar, rumbling, wealth, crowd, disquietude.

^CXXIX “came” = bo. Same as “came” in v3. See note XXV above.
^CXXX “quickly” = mahar. This is being liquid, which implies flowing. So, this word implies hurrying forward, whether in a positive or negative sense.
^CXXXI “ninety” = tishim. From the same as tesha (nine, perhaps as looking to the next number associated with fullness – 10); perhaps from sha’ah (to gaze at, gaze around, regard – to look to, especially for help; to consider or be compassionate; to look at in amazement or while confounded). This is ninety.
^CXXXII “eight” = shemoneh. Perhaps from shamen (to shine, which implies being oily, growing fat); from shaman (to grow fat, shine, be oily). This is eight or eighth. It can refer to abundance as being more than 7, the number of sacred fullness.
^CXXXIII “years” = shanah. From shana (to change, alter). This is a year, age, old. It can also mean yearly.
^CXXXIV “old” = ben. Same as “sons” in v4. See note L above.

^CXXXV “eyes” = ayin. This is eye in a literal or figurative sense so eye, appearance, favor, or a fountain (the eye of the landscape).
^CXXXVI “set” = qum. To arise, stand, accomplish, establish, abide. This is rising as in rising against, getting up after being sick or asleep, arising from one state to another, becoming powerful, or rising for action. It can also be standing in a figurative sense.
^CXXXVII “could” = yakol. This is to be able, endure, overcome, prevail.
^CXXXVIII“see” = raah. This is to see in a literal or figurative sense so stare, advise, think, view.

^CXXXIX “come” = bo. Same as “came” in v3. See note XXV above.
^CXL “battle” = maarakah. Same as “battle” in v2. See note XXIII above.
^CXLI “battle” = maarakah. Same as “battle” in v2. See note XXIII above.
^CXLII “it” = dabar. Same as “word” in v1. See note I above.
^CXLIII “go” = hayah. Same as “came” in v1. See note III above.

^CXLIV “messenger” = basar. This is being a messenger, to publish, carry, or preach. Properly, this is being fresh, rosy or cheerful as one bearing news.
^CXLV “replied” = anah. This is answer, respond, announce, sing, shout, or testify. It means to pay attention, which implies responding and, by extension, starting to talk. Used in a specific sense for singing, shouting, testifying, etc.
^CXLVI {untranslated} = amar. Same as “said” in v3. See note XXVIII above.
^CXLVII “before” = paneh. Same as “by” in v2. See note XVII above.
^CXLVIII “also” = gam. This is also, moreover, again.
^CXLIX “been” = hayah. Same as “came” in v1. See note III above.
^CL “slaughter” = maggephah. Related to “defeated” in v2. From nagaph (see note XVI above). This is a blow, calamity, plague, or defeat.

^CLI {untranslated} = hayah. Same as “came” in v1. See note III above.
^CLII “mentioned” = zakar. This is to remember, to mark something so that it can be recalled, to be mindful of, to mention.
^CLIII “backward” = achorannith. 7x in OT. From achor (the back, behind, backward, time to come; facing to the north or the west); from achar (to be behind, delay, be late, procrastinate, continue). This is backwards, turned away, back.
^CLIV “by” = baad. Perhaps from ad (up to, while); from adah (to pass on, advance, decorate oneself). This is up to, behind, over, among.
^CLV “side” = yad. Same as “power” in v8. See note LXXVIII above.
^CLVI “gate” = shaar. May be related to sha’ar (to calculate or reckon; may come from a root that means to open up or split). This is a gate, door, or other opening like a port.

^CLVII “neck” = miphreqeth. 1x in OT. From paraq (to tear apart, break off, drag away, or crunch; figuratively, to deliver). This is literally a fracture. So, it refers to a joint, which is to say the neck.
^CLVIII “broken” = shabar. This is break, collapse, destroy, break in pieces, tear. It is bursting in a literal or figurative sense.
^CLIX “was an old man” = zaqen + ish. Zaqen is related to “elders” in v3. From the same as zaqan (see note XXVII above). This is to be old or grow old. Ish is the same as “men” in v2. See note XXI above.
^CLX “heavy” = kabed. From kabad (to be heavy, weighty, burdensome). This is heavy, grievous, sore. It can also be weighty in the sense of gravitas. The word for “glory” in Hebrew comes from this root (kabod).

^CLXI “judged” = shaphat. This is to judge, defend, pronounce judgment, condemn, or govern. It can refer to God judging or to human judges. This is pronouncing a verdict in favor or against so it implies consequences or punishment. It can also mean to litigate or govern as one with authority.
^CLXII “forty” = arbaim. Related to “four” in v2. From the same as arba (see note XIX above). This is forty.
^CLXIII “daughter-in-law” = kallah. Related to “all” in v1. Perhaps related to kalal (see note IV above). This is bride or daughter-in-law and the term is used before and after marriage.
^CLXIV “wife” = ishshah. Related to “men” in v2. From ish (see note XXI above). This is woman, wife, or female.

^CLXV “pregnant” = harah. 16x in OT. From harah (to conceive or be pregnant –literal or figurative). This is conceive or pregnant.
^CLXVI “give birth” = yalad. This is to bear or bring forth. It can mean to act as midwife or to show one’s lineage. This is often used for birth or begetting.
^CLXVII “news” = shemuah. Related to “Samuel” in v1 & “heard” in v6. From shama (see note II above). This is something heard – news, a rumor, fame, announcement.
^CLXVIII “father-in-law” = cham. 4x in OT. Perhaps from the same as chomah (a wall – a wall as used for protection). The root may refer to something that joins. So, this is father-in -law.
^CLXIX “husband” = ish. Same as “men” in v2. See note XXI above.

^CLXX “bowed” = kara. This is to bow, crouch, kneel down, subdue. It is to bend the knee in many senses. It can also mean to smite, a woman crouching in childbirth, or bowing to worship God.
^CLXXI “labor pains” = tsiyr. Related to “Egyptians” in v8. 12x in OT. From tsur (see note LXXXI above). This is ambassador or messenger. It could also mean hinge, pain, or sorrow.
^CLXXII “overwhelmed” = haphak. This is to turn, overturn, change, return, turn over, pervert.

^CLXXIII “about” = eth. Related to “replied” in v17. Probably from anah (see note CXLV above). This is a period or season. It can also mean whenever or continually.
^CLXXIV “attending” = natsab. This is to station, appoint, establish, take a stand.
^CLXXV “said” = dabar. Related to “word” in v1 & “wilderness” in v8. See note I above.
^CLXXVI “borne” = yalad. Same as “give birth” in v19. See note CLXVI above.
^CLXXVII “answer” = anah. Same as “replied” in v17. See note CXLV above.
^CLXXVIII “give” = shith. This is to place, set, bring, appoint, consider, bring, array or look.
^CLXXIX “heed” = leb. Same as “heart” in v13. See note CXX above.

^CLXXX “named” = qara. This is to call or call out – to call someone by name. Also used more broadly for calling forth.
^CLXXXI “child” = naar. May be from na’ar (to shake, toss up and down, tumble around). This is a child or a servant. It is a child in their active years so they could be aged anywhere from infancy to adolescence.
^CLXXXII “Ichabod” = I-kabod. Related to “woe” and “before” in v7 & to “heavy” in v18. 2x in OT. From iy (not, island); {probably related to ay (where, how, whether); perhaps from ayin (where)} + kabod (weighty; glorious, abundant, riches, honor, splendor; referring to reputation or character; often used to describe God and God’s presence); {from kabad (see note CLX above)} OR from i (jackal, hyena, wolf, howler); {from oy (see note LXXIV above)} + kabod (see above). This is Ichabod, meaning “inglorious” or “(there is) no glory.”

^CLXXXIII “meaning” = amar. Same as “said” in v3. See note XXVIII above.
^CLXXXIV “glory” = kabod. Related to “heavy” in v18 & “Ichabod” in v21. See note CLXXXII above.
^CLXXXV “departed” = galah. This is to remove, bring, carry, lead, appear, advertise. It can mean to strip someone or something bare in a negative sense. Captives were typically stripped before they were sent into exile. Used figuratively, in a positive sense, this word means reveal, disclose, discover.
^CLXXXVI “said” = amar. Same as “said” in v3. See note XXVIII above.