Isaiah 2:1-5

^A “word” = dabar. From dabar (to speak, declare, discuss). This is speech, a word, a matter, an affair, charge, command, message, promise, purpose, report, request. It is a word, which implies things that are spoken of in a wide sense.
^B “Isaiah” = Yshayah. From yasha (to deliver, defend, help, preserve, rescue; properly, to be open, wide or free, which implies being safe; to free someone) + Yah (the shortened form of the name of the God of Israel; God, Lord); {from YHVH (proper name of the God of Israel; God, Lord; the self-existent or eternal one); from havah (to become) or hayah (to be, become, happen)}. This is Isaiah, meaning “salvation of the Lord” or “the Lord has saved.”
^C “son” = ben. From banah (to build or obtain children). This is son, age, child. It is son in a literal or figurative sense.
^D “Amoz” = Amots. 13x in OT. From amets (to be strong, alert, or bold; to harden, make firm, be courageous or mighty, fortify, or establish; physical alertness or mental courage or steadfastness). This is Amoz, meaning “strong.”

^E “saw” = chazah. This is to gaze at – to see or behold. It can also refer to perceiving as a mental process or looking at something with pleasure. It can be used particularly to mean seeing a vision.
^F “Judah” = Yehudah. Probably from yadah (to throw one’s hands into the air in a gesture of praise); from yad (hand). This is Judah, meaning “praised.”
^G “Jerusalem” = Yerushalaim. From yarah (to throw, shoot, be stunned; to flow as water so figuratively to instruct or teach) + shalam (to make amends, to be complete or sound). This is Jerusalem, dwelling of peace.

^H {untranslated} = hayah. Related to “Isaiah” in v1. See note B above.
^I “days” = yom. Root may mean being hot. This is the day in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean birth, age, daylight, continually or other references to time.
^J “to come” = acharith. From achar (to be behind, delay, be late, procrastinate, continue). This is the last, length, remnant, end, reward, future.
^K “mountain” = har. From harar (hill or mountain). This is mountain, hill, hilly region.
^L “Lord’s” = YHVH. Related to “Isaiah” in v1 & {untranslated} in v2. See note B above.
^M “house” = bayit. Related to “son” in v1. Probably from banah (see note C above). This is house, court, family, palace, temple.

^N “be” = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note H above.
^O “established” = kun. Properly, this means in a perpendicular position. So, it is set up in a literal sense – establish, fix, fasten, prepare. In a figurative sense, it is certainty, to be firm, faithfulness, render sure or prosperous.
^P “highest” = rosh. This may come a word that means to shake. It is the head, captain, or chief. It can also be excellent or the forefront. It can be first in position or in statue or in time (i.e. the beginning).
^Q “raised” = nasa. This is to lift in a broad sense, literally and figuratively. So it could be to carry, take, or arise. It could also be bring forth, advance, accept.
^R “hills” = gibah. From the same as Geba (Geba or Gibeah; hillock); from the same as gabia (cup, bowl, flower; root might mean being convex). This is hill or little hill.

^S “all” = kol. From kalal (to complete). This is all or every.
^T “nations” = goy. From the same root as gevah (the back, person, or body); related to gev (among); related to gaah (to rise up). This is nation or people. Often used to refer to Gentiles or foreign nations. It can also be used figuratively for a group of animals. This is where the Yiddish “goy” comes from.
^U “stream” = nahar. 6x in OT. This is to flow, sparkle, be cheerful, assemble.

^V “many” = rab. From rabab (increasing in any aspect whether quantity, authority, size, quality, greatness, etc.). This is abundance, many, elder, exceedingly, great. It refers to abundance of amount, rank, or status.
^W “peoples” = am. From amam (to darken, hide, associate; creating shadows by huddling together). This is people or nation. It can be used specifically for a tribe, collectively of troops or armies, or figuratively to refer to a flock of animals.
^X “come” = halak. This is go, come, walk. It is walk literally and figuratively and includes people and animals. It can be used figuratively for one’s moral life – how we walk according to God’s way or against it. It can also refer to the walk of life as in the course one’s life takes, the choices we make, etc.

^Y “go up” = alah. This is to go up, approach, ascend, be high, be a priority; to arise in a literal or figurative sense.
^Z “Lord” = YHVH. Related to “Isaiah” in v1 & {untranslated} and “Lord” in v2. It has the same meaning as “Lord” in v2, but with a different vowel pointing. See note L above.
^AA “God” = Elohim.
^BB “Jacob” = Yaaqob. From the same as aqeb (heel, hind part, hoof, rear guard of an army, one who lies in wait, usurper). This is Isaac’s son and his descendants. The name means heel-catcher or supplanter.

^CC “teach” = yarah. Related to “Jerusalem” in v1. See note G above.
^DD “ways” = derek. From darak (to tread, march, to walk. Can also mean affixing a string to a box since one needs to step on it to bend it in the process; so also an archer). This is a road as a thing that is walked on. Can be used figuratively for the path that one’s life takes or how one chooses to live one’s life.
^EE “walk” = halak. Same as “come” in v3. See note X above.
^FF “paths” = orach. From arach (to go, travel, wander). This is a road that is widely used, highway, caravan, traveler, troop.

^GG “Zion” = Tsiyyon. Related to tsyiyyun (signpost, monument); from tsavah (to charge someone, to command, order); from the same as tsiyyah (dryness, drought); from a root meaning parched as desert, dry land. Zion can refer to a mountain in Jerusalem as well as another name for Jerusalem itself or the people.
^HH “go forth” = yatsa. This is to go or come out, bring forth, appear. It is to go out in a literal or figurative sense.
^II “instruction” = torah. Related to “Jerusalem” in v1 & “teach” in v3. From yarah (see note G above). This is law, instruction, teaching, or statute. It can also refer to the first five books of the Bible – the Torah.
^JJ “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v3. See note Z above.

^KK “judge” = shaphat. This is to judge, defend, pronounce judgment, condemn, or govern. It can refer to God judging or to human judges. This is pronouncing a verdict in favor or against so it implies consequences or punishment. It can also mean to litigate or govern as one with authority.
^LL “between” = bayin. From bin (to discern, consider, attend to; distinguishing things in one’s mind or, more generally, to understand). This is among, between, interval.
^MM “arbitrate” = yakach. This is to decide, be right, argue, or convince. It can also be to decide, convict, reason together, or reprove.

^NN “beat” = kathath. 17x in OT. This is to crush into pieces, to beat with a hammer, smash, bruise.
^OO “swords” = chereb. From charab (to attack, slay). This is any sharp instrument like a sword, dagger, axe, or mattock.
^PP “plowshares” = eth. 5x in OT. This is a colter or plowshare – a cutting instrument made of iron like a hoe or something else used for digging. (A colter is a cutting blade attached to a plow to break up the top level of vegetation on the soil).
^QQ “spears” = chanith. From chanah (to decline, bending down, or living in tents; can be camping to create a home or camping as a part of battle). This is a spear or lance as a weapon that is thrust in the same way one pitches a tent.
^RR “pruning hooks” = mazmerah. 4x in OT. From zamar (to trim or prune). This is a pruning knife or hook.

^SS “lift up” = nasa. Same as “raised” in v2. See note Q above.
^TT “learn” = lamad. Properly, this refers to goading (using a pointed stick to guide or prod one’s flock). By implication, it means teaching or instructing.
^UU “war” = milchamah. From lacham (to eat or feed on; figuratively, to battle as a kind of consumption/destruction). This is battle, war, fighting, or one who fights (i.e. a warrior).
^VV “light” = or. From or (to be or become light). This is light, sun, sunshine, dawn, or daylight. Figuratively, it can refer to light from instruction, light of a face (that is to say one that is cheerful or finds favor). It can refer to prosperity or salvation; a light that guides, a light eternal from Zion.
^WW “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note L above.