Judges 6

^I “Israelites” = ben + Yisrael. Literally, “children of Israel.” Ben is from banah (to build or obtain children). This is son, age, child. It is son in a literal or figurative sense. Yisrael is from sarah (to persist, exert oneself, contend, persevere, wrestle, prevail) + El (God or god). This is Israel, meaning God strives or one who strives with God; new name for Jacob and for his offspring. This refers to the people and to the land.
^II “did” = asah. This is to make, do, act, appoint, become in many senses.
^III “evil” = ra’. From ra’a’ (to be evil, bad, afflict; properly, to spoil – to destroy by breaking into pieces; figuratively, to cause something to be worthless; this is bad in a physical, social, or moral sense; that which displeases, to do harm or mischief, to punish or vex). This is bad, disagreeable, that which causes pain, misery, something having little or no value, something that is ethically bad, wicked, injury, calamity. This refers to anything that is not what it ought to be – a natural disaster, a disfigurement, an injury, a sin.

^IV “sight” = ayin. This is eye in a literal or figurative sense so eye, appearance, favor, or a fountain (the eye of the landscape).
^V “Lord” = YHVH. From havah (to be, become) or hayah (to come to pass, become, be). This is the name of the God of Israel, the self-existent and eternal one, the tetragrammaton. This pronunciation has been lost to time so “Lord” is generally used in its place.
^VI “gave” = natan. This is to give, put, set, offer. It is to give literally or figuratively.
^VII “hand” = yad. This is hand, ability, power. Hand in a literal sense, but also what one can do or the means by which one does it.
^VIII “Midian” = Midyan. From the same as madon (strife, contention, brawling); from din (to judge, defend, dispute, govern, strive). This is Midian or a Midianite. It means strife or place of judgment.

^IX “seven” = sheba. This is seven or by sevenfold. It can also be used to imply a week or an indefinite number. Symbolically, this is the number of fullness, sacredness, perfection.
^X “years” = shanah. From shana (to change, alter). This is a year, age, old. It can also mean yearly.
^XI “prevailed” = azaz. 12x in OT. This is to be strong, become fixed, be bold, prevail, be impudent. It means to be stout literally or figuratively.
^XII “Israel” = Yisrael. Same as “Israelites” in v1. See note I above.

^XIII “because” = paneh. From panah (to turn, face, appear). This is face in a literal or figurative sense. It could be face, presence, anger, respect. It can also be used of God to indicate divine favor or presence.
^XIV “provided” = asah. Same as “did” in v1. See note II above.
^XV “hiding places” = minharah. 1x in OT. From nahar (to flow, sparkle, be cheerful). This is a cave, stronghold, or channel.
^XVI “mountains” = har. From harar (hill or mountain). This is mountain, hill, hilly region.
^XVII “caves” = mearah. Perhaps from ur (to be made naked, exposed, or bare). This is a cave, cavern, den, or hole.
^XVIII “strongholds” = metsad. 10x in OT. From tsud (to hunt, to lie in wait in order to catch an animal; used figuratively for capturing people). This is stronghold, fortress, impregnable, munition.

^XIX {untranslated} = hayah. Related to “Lord” in v1. See note V above.
^XX “put in seed” = zara. This is to sow or scatter seed, conceive or yield. It can also refer to a sower. Figuratively, this can refer to other forms of dissemination.
^XXI “Midianites” = Midyan. Same as “Midian” in v1. See note VIII above.
^XXII “Amalekites” = Amaleq. Perhaps from amal (to work – hard labor) OR from am (people or nation; a tribe, troops or armies, or figuratively to refer to a flock of animals); {from amam (to darken, hide, associate; creating shadows by huddling together)} + laqaq (to lap, lick) OR from am (see above) + malaq (to wring, nip; to remove a bird’s head). This is Amalek or Amalekite. It may mean “people that wring,” “people that lap,” “nippers,” or “lickers.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Amalekite.html & https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Amalek.html

^XXIII “people” = ben. Same as “Israelites” in v1. See note I above.
^XXIV “east” = qedem. Perhaps from qadam (to come in front or be in front; to meet, anticipate, confront, receive, or rise; sometimes to meet for help). This is front, formerly, before, east, eternal, everlasting, antiquity.
^XXV “come up” = alah. This is to go up, approach, ascend, be high, be a priority; to arise in a literal or figurative sense.
^XXVI {untranslated} = alah. Same as “come up” in v3. See note XXV above.

^XXVII “encamp” = chanah. This is decline, bending down, or living in tents. It can be camping to create a home or camping as a part of battle.
^XXVIII “destroy” = shachath. This is to go to ruin, perish, decay, batter, cast off, lose, one who destroys. This can be used in a literal or figurative sense.
^XXIX “produce” = yebul. 13x in OT. From yabal (to lead, bring, carry, conduct; properly, to flow; to bring or lead with fanfare). This is yield, produce. Literally, it refers to crops and figuratively to wealth.
^XXX “land” = erets. Root may mean to be firm. This is earth, ground, field land, or country.

^XXXI “neighborhood” = bo. This is to enter, come in, advance, fulfill, bring offerings, enter to worship, attack. It can also have a sexual connotation.
^XXXII “Gaza” = Azzah. Related to “prevailed” in v2. From az (strong or mighty; power, vehemence, greedy); from azaz (see note XI above). This is Gaza or Azzah – a Philistine city. It means “strong.”
^XXXIII “leave” = shaar. Properly, this is swelling up i.e. being left over, a remnant, remaining, being redundant.
^XXXIV “sustenance” = michyah. 8x in OT. From chayah (to live or keep alive literally or figuratively). This is sustenance, reviving, raw, new life.
^XXXV “sheep” = seh. Perhaps from sha’ah (to make a loud noise or crash, devastate, rush). This is a lamb, sheep, or goat – a part of a flock.
^XXXVI “ox” = shor. Perhaps from shur (to travel, turn, journey; travelling like a prostitute or a merchant). This is bull, ox, head of cattle, cow.
^XXXVII “donkey” = chamor. From chamar (to be red, blush). This is a male donkey.

^XXXVIII “livestock” = miqneh. From qanah (to get, acquire, purchase, move to jealousy, buyer, keep cattle). This is something that is bought, which implies property or possession. However, it is generally used of livestock – cattle, flock, herds.
^XXXIX “bring” = bo. Same as “neighborhood” in v4. See note XXXI above.
^XL “tents” = ohel. Perhaps from ahal (to shine, be clear). This is a tent, covering, home, or side pillar.
^XLI “as thick as” = day…rob. Day is enough, plenty, overflow, or ability. Rob is from rabab (to be or become much or many, multiply). This is any kind of abundance.
^XLII “locusts” = arbeh. From rabah (increasing in any aspect whether quantity, authority, size, quality, greatness, etc.). This is a locust from its abundance – a swarming locust or grasshopper.

^XLIII “nor” = ayin. Perhaps from a word that means to be nothing. This means nothing, none, non-existent. It can also simply mean not or are not.
^XLIV “camels” = gamal. From gamal (how one deals with someone whether positively or negatively – so to reward, requite; to wean or the work that goes into something ripening). This is a camel as an animal of labor or one that bears burdens. The English word “camel” is from a Semitic source, perhaps Hebrew or others.
^XLV “counted” = mispar. From the same as sepher (writing itself or something that is written like a document, book, letter, evidence, bill, scroll, or register); from saphar (to tally or record something; to enumerate, recount, number, celebrate, or declare). This is a number, whether definite or symbolic – could be innumerable, few, abundance. It can also be a tally or account – or a narration.

^XLVI “wasted” = shachath. Same as “destroy” in v4. See note XXVIII above.
^XLVII “came in” = bo. Same as “neighborhood” in v4. See note XXXI above.
^XLVIII “greatly” = meod. Perhaps from the same as uwd (firebrand, a poker). This is very, greatly, exceedingly. It can also mean vehemence, force, abundance.
^XLIX “was…impoverished” = dalal. 9x in OT. This is to be low, hang, fade, be emptied, become poor, be oppressed.
^L “because” = paneh. Same as “because” in v2. See note XIII above.
^LI “cried out…for help” = zaaq. This is to cry or call out. It can be a call to assemble or gather together. By analogy, this could refer to a herald who announces a public gathering. It could also be a shriek from pain or danger.

^LII {untranslated} = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^LIII “cried” = zaaq. Same as “cried out…for help” in v6. See note LI above.
^LIV “on account of” = al + odoth. Odoth is related to “greatly” in v6. 11x in OT. From the same as ud (see note XLVIII above). This is turning, occasion, cause, concerning.
^LV “sent” = shalach. This is to send out, away, send for, forsake. It can also mean to divorce or set a slave free.
^LVI {untranslated} = ish. Perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail). This is man, husband, another, or humankind.
^LVII “prophet” = nabi. This is prophet, prophecy, speaker, or someone inspired.

^LVIII “said” = amar. This is to speak, say, answer, command, promise, report.
^LIX “thus” = koh. Perhaps from ki (that, for when, certainly) + hu (he, she, it). This is like this, thus, here, now.
^LX “God” = Elohim. Related to “Israelites” in v1. See note I above.
^LXI “led…up” = alah. Same as “come up” in v3. See note XXV above.
^LXII “Egypt” = Mitsrayim. Perhaps from matsor (besieged or fortified place, bulwark, entrenchment; something hemmed in; a siege or distress or fastness); from tsur (to confine, besiege, to cramp). This is Egypt.

^LXIII “brought” = yatsa. This is to go or come out, bring forth, appear. It is to go out in a literal or figurative sense.
^LXIV “house” = bayit. Related to “Israelites” in v1. Probably from banah (see note I above). This is house, court, family, palace, temple.
^LXV “slavery” = ebed. From abad (to work, serve, compel; any kind of work; used causatively, can mean to enslave or keep in bondage). This is a servant, slave, or bondservant.
^LXVI “delivered” = natsal. This is to snatch someone or something away in a good sense – as rescue, defend, or deliver – or in a bad sense – as strip or plunder.
^LXVII “Egyptians” = Mitsri. Related to “Egypt” in v8. From the same as mitsrayim (see note LXII above). This is Egyptian.

^LXVIII “all” = kol. From kalal (to complete). This is all or every.
^LXIX “oppressed” = lachats. 19x in OT. This is to press or squeeze. Figuratively, it is oppress, afflict, or distress.
^LXX “drove…out” = garash. This is to cast out or expel. It can be to exile someone or to divorce them.
^LXXI “before” = paneh. Same as “because” in v2. See note XIII above.
^LXXII “pay reverence” = yare. This is to fear, be afraid, dreadful. It can also refer to fearful reverence – to fear in a moral sense is to say to revere, respect.
^LXXIII “gods” = elohim. Same as “God” in v8. See note LX above.
^LXXIV “Amorites” = Emori. Related to “said” in v8. From amar (see note LVIII above). This is Amorite or Emori, perhaps meaning talkers.

^LXXV “live” = yashab. This is to sit and so to remain and so to dwell. It is sitting for any reason – as a judge, in order to ambush, or just sitting quietly. Causatively, this can mean settling or marrying. This can also mean continue, endure, or establish.
^LXXVI “given heed” = shama. This is to hear, call, consent, or consider. It implies listening intelligently, giving attention, and, because of these two factors, obedience and action are often implied.
^LXXVII “voice” = qol. This is a sound, used often for human voices. Also used when God speaks or angels, animals or instruments. It can be a cry or a noise, thunder or earthquakes and so on.

^LXXVIII “angel” = malak. This is a messenger, an angel, or a deputy of some kind. Can be used for human messengers literally or for prophets, priests, or teachers as messengers of God. Also used for supernatural messengers i.e. angels.
^LXXIX “came” = bo. Same as “neighborhood” in v4. See note XXXI above.
^LXXX “sat” = yashab. Same as “live” in v10. See note LXXV above.
^LXXXI “under” = tachat. This is underneath, below, the bottom, instead of.

^LXXXII “oak” = elah. 13x in OT. From ayil (terebinth, oak); from the same as ulam (porch, hall); from the same as ul (mighty, strength, body, belly; root may mean to twist and that implies strength and power). This is an oak or terebinth. It could some other kind of tree that is strong.
^LXXXIII “Ophrah” = Ophrah. 8x in OT. From the same as opher (stag, fawn, hart); from aphar (to throw dust, be dust); from aphar (dust as powdered, perhaps gray colored; ashes, powder, ground, rubbish). This is Ophrah, a person and place name that may mean “female fawn.”
^LXXXIV “Joash” = Yoash. Related to “Lord” in v1 & {untranslated} in v3. From the same as yehoash (Jehoash, meaning “the Lord is strong); {from YHVH (see note V above)} + perhaps esh (fire, burning, flaming, hot; fire in a literal or figurative sense)}. This is Joash, meaning “the Lord is strong.”
^LXXXV “Abiezrite” = Abi Haezri. 3x in OT – 2x in Judges 6 & 1x in Judges 8. From Abiezer (Abiezer; “my father is help” or “father of help” or “helpful”); {from ab (father in a literal or figurative sense – grandfather, chief, ancestor) + Ezer (Ezer; “help”); {from the same as ezer (help, aid, helper); {from azar (to help, protect, support, ally; properly, to surround so as to provide aid)}}. This is Abiezrite – someone descended from Abiezer.

^LXXXVI “son” = ben. Same as “Israelites” in v1. See note I above.
^LXXXVII “Gideon” = Gidon. From gada (to cut or chop as one cuts down a tree; cutting off or destroying things). This is Gideon, a name that means “feller” or “hewer down” or “cutter” or “warrior.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Gideon.html
^LXXXVIII “beating out” = chabat. 5x in OT. This is to thresh or beat – a verb used for harvesting olive trees, wheat, barley, and dill. It is also used figuratively for gathering the people of Israel.
^LXXXIX “wheat” = chittah. Perhaps from chanat (to spice, ripen, embalm). This is wheat, referring to the plant or its product.
^XC “winepress” = gath. 5x in OT. Perhaps from nagan (to strike a stringed instrument, to pluck or play it). This is a winepress or a trough that holds grapes as part of that process.

^XCI “hide” = nus. This is to flee, vanish away, hide, escape, be displayed.
^XCII “from” = paneh. Same as “because” in v2. See note XIII above.
^XCIII “appeared” = raah. This is to see in a literal or figurative sense so stare, advise, think, view.
^XCIV “mighty” = gibbor. From gabar (to be strong or mighty; to prevail or be insolent). This is strong, mighty, or powerful. This can imply a warrior, hero, or tyrant.
^XCV “warrior” = chayil. From chul (to be firm, strong, prosperous; to endure). This is strength, wealth, ability, activity. It can refer to soldier or a company of soldiers as well as goods. It is a force of people, means, or goods. It can speak of valor, virtue, or strength.

^XCVI “answered” = amar. Same as “said” in v8. See note LVIII above.
^XCVII “but” = biy. 12x in OT. Perhaps from ba’ah (to inquire, search, boil, or swell out. Figuratively, it could be to sincerely desire). This is O, I pray – it is used to make a request or to speak to someone of higher social status. It is always followed by, “my lord.” In the Bible it is used in addressing a higher status human, an angel, and also God.
^XCVIII “sir” = adon. From a root that means ruling or being sovereign. This is lord, master, or owner.
^XCIX “is” = yesh. This is being, existence, or substance.

^C “happened” = matsa. This is to find, catch or acquire. It can also mean to come forth or appear. Figuratively, this can mean to meet or be together with.
^CI “wonderful deeds” = pala. From pele (wonder, miracle, wonderful, marvelous thing). This is to be extraordinary, to arise, to be great or accomplish.
^CII “ancestors” = ab. Related to “Abiezrite” in v11. See note LXXXV above.
^CIII “recounted” = saphar. Related to “counted” in v5. See note XLV above.
^CIV “bring…up” = alah. Same as “come up” in v3. See note XXV above.

^CV “cast…off” = natash. Properly, this is to beat or pound as when something is beaten in order to expand or disperse. It can be leave, abandon, allow, neglect, spread, fall, or thrust out.
^CVI “hand” = kaph. From kaphaph (to bend – from a root meaning curve or bend down). This is palm of the hand or sole of the foot, footstep, grasp. Figuratively, it can also mean power.
^CVII “turned” = panah. Related to “because” in v2. See note XIII above.
^CVIII “go” = halak. This is go, come, walk. It is walk literally and figuratively and includes people and animals. It can be used figuratively for one’s moral life – how we walk according to God’s way or against it. It can also refer to the walk of life as in the course one’s life takes, the choices we make, etc.
^CIX “might” = koach. Root may mean to be firm. This is power, strength, force. It can be literal or figurative, positive or negative. It can also mean capacity or means – what something produces. Additionally, it could refer to some kind of small reptile.

^CX “deliver” = yasha. To deliver, defend, help, preserve, rescue, be safe. Properly, to be open, wide or free, which implies being safe. Used causatively, it means to free.
^CXI “hand” = kaph. Same as “hand” in v13. See note CVI above.
^CXII “commission” = shalach. Same as “sent” in v8. See note LV above.
^CXIII “responded” = amar. Same as “said” in v8. See note LVIII above.
^CXIV “but” = biy. Same as “but” in v13. See note XCVII above.
^CXV “sir” = Adonai. Related to “sir” in v13. From adon (see note XCVIII above). This is the actual Hebrew word for Lord used (in a different form) of humans and (in the present form) of God. It means someone who is in control.
^CXVI “deliver” = yasha. Same as “deliver” in v14. See note CX above.

^CXVII {untranslated} = hinneh. From hen (lo! Behold! If, though; an expression of surprise). This is to draw attention, show suddenness or surprise, or to emphasize the importance of the coming statement. See! Lo! Behold!
^CXVIII “clan” = eleph. 8x in OT. Perhaps from the same as eleph (herd, cattle); from alaph (to learn, speak, associate with). This is thousand.
^CXIX “weakest” = dal. Related to “was…impoverished” in v6. From dalal (to be low, hang, fade, be emptied, become poor, be oppressed). This is lean, weak, needy, poor. Properly, it is one who is dangling.

^CXX “Manasseh” = Menashsheh. From nashah (to forget, neglect, remove, deprive). This is Manasseh, literally “causing to forget.” It is Manasseh, his tribe, or the lands of the tribe.
^CXXI “least” = tsair. From tsaar (to be brought low, small, little one; figuratively, be insignificant or ignoble). This is little, young, least, younger, few in number, low in value.
^CXXII “family” = bayit + ab. Literally, “house of my father.” Bayit is the same as “house” in v8. See note LXIV above. Ab is the same as “ancestors” in v13. See note CII above.

^CXXIII “be” = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^CXXIV “strike down” = nakah. This is to hit whether lightly or severely. It can be used in a literal or figurative sense. So, this could be beat, punish, give wounds, kill, or slaughter.
^CXXV “every” = ish. Same as {untranslated} in v8. See note LVI above.
^CXXVI “one” = echad. Perhaps from achad (to unify, continue on a path; figuratively, to gather one’s thoughts). This is the number one, first, united. It can also be alone, altogether, a certain, a few.

^CXXVII “now” = na. This particle is used for requests or for urging. It can be we pray, now, I ask you, oh. This is the same “na” in “hosanna.”
^CXXVIII “found” = matsa. Same as “happened” in v13. See note C above.
^CXXIX “favor” = chen. From chanan (beseech, show favor, be gracious; properly, to bend in kindness to someone with less status). This is grace, favor, kindness, beauty, precious.
^CXXX “with” = ayin. Same as “sight” in v1. See note IV above.
^CXXXI “show” = asah. Same as “did” in v1. See note II above.
^CXXXII “sign” = ot. From avah (to mark, sign, point out); OR from uth (to agree). This is a sign in a literal or figurative sense. It could be a flag or monument. It could be evidence or a mark. It could also be an omen or a miracle. 
^CXXXIII “speak” = dabar. This is generally to speak, answer, declare, or command. It might mean to arrange and so to speak in a figurative sense as arranging words.

^CXXXIV {untranslated} = na. Same as “now” in v17. See note CXXVII above.
^CXXXV “depart” = mush. Perhaps from the same as muwsh (to touch, handle). This is to depart, take away, stop. It is to withdraw in a literal or figurative sense.
^CXXXVI “come” = bo. Same as “neighborhood” in v4. See note XXXI above.
^CXXXVII “bring out” = yatsa. Same as “brought” in v8. See note LXIII above.
^CXXXVIII “present” = minchah. This is a gift or an offering, particularly a sacrificial one that is generally bloodless and given spontaneously (voluntarily).
^CXXXIX “set” = yanach. Perhaps from the same as nuach (to rest, calm, camp, free, place, remain, satisfy, settle, station, or wait; implies settling down in a literal or figurative sense). This is to lay down, let alone, pacify, cast down, or deposit. It can also mean to allow something or someone to stay.
^CXL “before” = paneh. Same as “because” in v2. See note XIII above.

^CXLI “stay” = yashab. Same as “live” in v10. See note LXXV above.
^CXLII “return” = shub. To turn back, return, turn away – literally or figuratively. Doesn’t necessarily imply going back to where you started from. This is also the root verb for the Hebrew word for repentance “teshubah.”
^CXLIII “went into…house” = bo. Same as “neighborhood” in v4. See note XXXI above.
^CXLIV “prepared” = asah. Same as “did” in v1. See note II above.
^CXLV “kid” = gedi + ez. Gedi is 16x in OT. From the same as gadah (a bank or border of a river or stream). This is a young goat. Ez is related to “prevailed” in v2 & “Gaza” in v4. Perhaps from azaz (see note XI above). This is a female goat, but can refer to male goats when plural.

^CXLVI “unleavened cakes” = matstsah. From matsats (to drain out). This is unleavened bread – bread that is sweet rather than becoming sour with the flavor of yeast. Can also be used to refer to the festival of Passover, the staple food of which is commonly transliterate matzoh from this word.
^CXLVII “ephah” = ephah. Perhaps from Egyptian ipet (“a dry measure of volume equivalent to…about 19.2 litres”). This is an ephah – specifically, a measure for flour or grain. It can also be used ore generally to refer to a measure. See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/jpt#Egyptian
^CXLVIII “flour” = qemach. 15x in OT. Root perhaps meaning to grind. This is something ground, such as flour, meal, or grain.

^CXLIX “meat” = basar. From basar (being a messenger, publish, carry preach; properly, this is being fresh, rosy or cheerful as one bearing news). This is flesh, the body, fat, skin, self, nakedness, humankind, or kin. It can also refer to private parts.
^CL “put” = sim. This is to put or place in a literal or figurative sense. It can be appoint, care, change, make, and may other things.
^CLI “basket” = sal. 15x in OT. Perhaps from salal (to lift up, build, pile, extol, exalt; can also be used for opposing as a dam holds back water). This is a woven basket.
^CLII “broth” = maraq. 2x in OT – both in this passage. Perhaps from maraq (to polish, sharpen, scour, or rinse). This is broth or soup.

^CLIII “put” = sim. Same as “put” in v19. See note CL above.
^CLIV “pot” = parur. 3x in OT. From the same as purah (measure, wine press) OR from parar (to break, defeat, frustrate, caste off, clean, cease). This is a pot, pan, or skillet.
^CLV “brought” = yatsa. Same as “brought” in v8. See note LXIII above.
^CLVI “presented” = nagash. This is to draw, bring, or come near. It is approaching for any reason – as an attack on an enemy, in order to worship, to make an argument. It can also be used as a euphemism for sex.

^CLVII “take” = laqach. This is to take, accept, carry away, receive. It can also have the sense of take a wife or take in marriage.
^CLVIII “put” = yanach. Same as “set” in v18. See note CXXXIX above.
^CLIX “rock” = sela. Root may mean being lofty. This is a rock, cliff, crag, mountain. It could be used figuratively for obstinance or to show God as a refuge. It can also more generally mean fortress or stronghold.
^CLX “pour out” = shaphak. This is to pour out, gust, or slip. It can be to pour as blood, a drink offering, or molten metal. It can also mean to create a mound. Figuratively, it can refer to killing, or spending money.
^CLXI “so” = ken. Perhaps from kun (properly, in a perpendicular position; literally, to establish, fix, fasten, prepare; figuratively, it is certainty, to be firm, faithfulness, render sure or prosperous). This is to set upright. Generally used figuratively to mean thus, so, afterwards, rightly so.

^CLXII “reached out” = shalach. Same as “sent” in v8. See note LV above.
^CLXIII “tip” = qatseh. From qatsah (to cut off, cut short; figuratively, to destroy). This is end, brink, border, edge, frontier. It can refer to that which is within set boundaries.
^CLXIV “staff” = mish’enah. 12x in OT. From mish’en (a support or staff; figuratively, a protector or sustenance); from sha’an (to lean or support oneself; to rely or trust). This is a staff or walking stick.
^CLXV “hand” = yad. Same as “hand” in v1. See note VII above.
^CLXVI “touched” = naga. This is touch, reach, arrive, come near, strike. This is touching for any reason including sexual or violent.

^CLXVII “fire” = esh. Related to “Joash” in v11. See note LXXXIV above.
^CLXVIII “sprang up” = alah. Same as “come up” in v3. See note XXV above.
^CLXIX “rock” = tsur. Related to “Egypt” in v8 & “Egyptians” in v9. See note LXII above.
^CLXX “consumed” = akal. This is to eat, devour, burn up, or otherwise consume. It can be eating in a literal or figurative sense.
^CLXXI “vanished” = halak. Same as “go” in v14. See note CVIII above.

^CLXXII “perceived” = raah. Same as “appeared” in v12. See note XCIII above.
^CLXXIII “help” = ahah. 15x in OT. This is alas or ah. It can be an exclamation of pain.
^CLXXIV “Lord” = Adonai. Same as “sir” in v15. See note CXV above.
^CLXXV “God” = YHVH. Related to “Lord” in v1 & {untranslated} in v3 & “Joash” in v11. From the same as YHVH (see note V above). This is a secondary spelling of the Lord, the name of the God of Israel. It has the same meaning.

^CLXXVI {untranslated} = ken. Same as “so” in v20. See note CLXI above.
^CLXXVII “seen” = raah. Same as “appeared” in v12. See note XCIII above.
^CLXXVIII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note V above.
^CLXXIX “face” = paneh. Same as “because” in v2. See note XIII above.

^CLXXX “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note V above.
^CLXXXI “peace” = shalom. From shalam (to be complete or sound; to have safety mentally, physically, or extending to one’s estate; so, if these things are safe and complete, the implication is that one would be friendly; and, if being friendly, one would make amends and that friendship would be reciprocated). This is completeness, soundness, welfare, favor, friend, good health. It is to be safe and figuratively well, happy, at peace, friendly. Abstractly, it includes the ideas of welfare and prosperity (not in excessive wealth, but in having enough).
^CLXXXII “fear” = yare. Same as “pay reverence” in v10. See note LXXII above.
^CLXXXIII “die” = mut. This is to die in a literal or figurative sense. It can also refer to being a dead body.

^CLXXXIV “built” = banah. Related to “Israelites” in v1 & “house” in v8. See note I above.
^CLXXXV “altar” = mizbeach. From zabach (to kill, slay, offer; slaughtering an animal to offer as a sacrifice). This is an altar.
^CLXXXVI “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note V above.
^CLXXXVII “called” = qara. This is to call or call out – to call someone by name. Also used more broadly for calling forth.
^CLXXXVIII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note V above.
^CLXXXIX “day” = yom. Root may mean being hot. This is the day in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean birth, age, daylight, continually or other references to time.

^CXC {untranslated} = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^CXCI “night” = layil. Properly, this refers to light twisting away. It is used for night or midnight. Figuratively, this can mean adversity.
^CXCII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note V above.
^CXCIII “father’s” = ab. Same as “ancestors” in v13. See note CII above.
^CXCIV “bull” = par + shor. Par is related to “pot” in v19. Perhaps related to parar (see note CLIV above). This is a young bull or ox. Shor is the same as “ox” in v4. See note XXXVI above.

^CXCV “second” = sheni. From shanah (to fold, repeat, double, alter, or disguise). This is double, again, another, second.
^CXCVI “bull” = par. Same as “bull” in v25. See note CXCIV above.
^CXCVII “years old” = shanah. Same as “years” in v1. See note X above.
^CXCVIII “pull down” = haras. This is to break down, throw down, ruin, overthrow, or destroy. It is breaking down in pieces.

^CXCIX “Baal” = Baal. From the same as ba’al (lord, owner, ally, or archer); from ba’al (to marry, have dominion, be master). This is Baal, literally “lord,” a Phoenician god.
^CC “cut down” = karat. This is to cut down, cut off, or make a covenant (idiom for making a covenant is “to cut a covenant”). It can also mean to destroy, fail, or consume.
^CCI “sacred pole” = asherah. Perhaps from Ugaritic atrt (Athirat, Asherah, goddess who is wife of El) OR from Phoenician sattar (Astarte) OR from ashar (to go straight, lead, guide; to be level and so to be right, blessed, honest, happy). This is asherah – sacred pole or goddess Asherah or Astarte. It may mean “progression” or “happiness” or “fortuna.” See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%94#Hebrew & https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Asherah.html

^CCII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note V above.
^CCIII “God” = Elohim. Same as “God” in v8. See note LX above.
^CCIV “top” = rosh. This may come a word that means to shake. It is the head, captain, or chief. It can also be excellent or the forefront. It can be first in position or in statue or in time (i.e. the beginning).
^CCV “stronghold” = maoz. Related to “prevailed” in v2 & “Gaza” in v4 & “kid” in v19. From uz (to run for refuge, to seek safety, be strong) OR from azaz (see note XI above). This is a defense, refuge, safety, fortress, rock, strength, or stronghold. It is somewhere one goes to be safe and protected or something one uses to be safe. Figuratively, it could be a defense or a force.
^CCVI “proper order” = maarakah. 19x in OT. From arak (to arrange by setting in a row; to set a battle, estimate, put in order, or compare). This is a row or rank. More broadly, it can refer to a formation such as used in a military setting or any other ordered arrangement.

^CCVII “bull” = par. Same as “bull” in v25. See note CXCIV above.
^CCVIII “offer” = alah. Same as “come up” in v3. See note XXV above.
^CCIX “burnt offering” = olah. Related to “come up” in v3. From alah (see note XXV above). This is a step, stairs, or some kind of ascent. It is also used for whole burnt offerings, being the offering in which the whole thing is burned and rises as smoke. Burnt offerings were the least common of the offerings: most were eaten, shared with the priest and the one bringing the offering.
^CCX “wood” = ets. Perhaps from atsah (to shut, fasten, firm up, to close one’s eyes). This is tree or other things related to trees like wood, sticks, or stalks. It can also refer to wood products like a plank or staff or gallows. Additionally, this can refer to a carpenter.

^CCXI “ten” = eser. Perhaps from asar (to tithe, render a tenth of). This is ten or -teen. While 7 is symbolically the number of perfection, ten is also symbolically a number of perfection (but to a lesser degree than 7 is).
^CCXII {untranslated} = ish. Same as {untranslated} in v8. See note LVI above.
^CCXIII “servants” = ebed. Same as “slavery” in v8. See note LXV above.
^CCXIV “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note V above.

^CCXV “told” = dabar. Same as “speak” in v17. See note CXXXIII above.
^CCXVI “was too afraid” = yare. Same as “pay reverence” in v10. See note LXXII above.
^CCXVII “townspeople” = ish + iyr. Ish is the same as {untranslated} in v8. See note LVI above. Iyr is from uwr (to awaken or wake oneself up). This can mean excitement in the sense of wakefulness or city. Properly, this is a place that is guarded. Guards kept schedules according to watches. This sense of the word would include cities as well as encampments or posts that were guarded.
^CCXVIII “by day” = yomam. Related to “day” in v24. From yom (see note CLXXXIX above). Root may mean to be hot. So, this is day as the hours that are hot. This can be daytime in a literal or figurative sense.

^CCXIX “rose early” = shakam. This is leaning one’s shoulder into a burden or load, whether a person or an animal. Thus, it meant starting or rising early.
^CCXX “morning” = boqer. From baqar (to seek, plow, break forth, admire, care for). This refers to the break of day. So it is dawn, early, morning, or morrow.
^CCXXI {untranslated} = hinneh. Same as {untranslated} in v15. See note CXVII above.
^CCXXII “broken down” = nathats. This is to pull down, demolish, break down, raze, overthrow.
^CCXXIII “bull” = par. Same as “bull” in v25. See note CXCIV above.

^CCXXIV “one” = ish. Same as {untranslated} in v8. See note LVI above.
^CCXXV “another” = rea. From raah (to associate with). This is the same as neighbor in Leviticus 19:18 “love your neighbor as yourself.” This is friend, companion, fellow, neighbor. It is someone with whom you associate, whether more or less close.
^CCXXVI {untranslated} = dabar. Related to “speak” in v17. From dabar (see note CXXXIII above). This is speech, a word, a matter, an affair, charge, command, message, promise, purpose, report, request. It is a word, which implies things that are spoken of in a wide sense.

^CCXXVII “searching” = darash. This is seek, ask, inquire, care for. Generally it means following in pursuit or following as part of a search, which implies seeking or asking. Also used specially to mean worship.
^CCXXVIII “inquiring” = baqash. This is to seek, ask, desire, or request. It can be any kind of searching. It can also mean to worship or pray – implies a striving for.
^CCXXIX “told” = amar. Same as “said” in v8. See note LVIII above.
^CCXXX “it” = dabar. Same as {untranslated} in v29. See note CCXXVI above.

^CCXXXI “bring out” = yatsa. Same as “brought” in v8. See note LXIII above.
^CCXXXII “pulled down” = nathats. Same as “broken down” in v28. See note CCXXII above.
^CCXXXIII “arrayed” = amad. This is to stand up in a literal or figurative sense. So it can be establish, continue, endure, take a stand, act, be a servant, stand still, remain, stand against an enemy.
^CCXXXIV “contend” = rib. This is properly to toss or grapple. It is used figuratively to mean wrangling and so for arguments, complaints, or disputes. It is used in a legal setting for pleading or defending a case.
^CCXXXV “defend…cause” = yasha. Same as “deliver” in v14. See note CX above.

^CCXXXVI “put to death” = mut. Same as “die” in v23. See note CLXXXIII above.
^CCXXXVII “god” = elohim. Same as “God” in v8. See note LX above.
^CCXXXVIII “pulled down” = nathats. Same as “broken down” in v28. See note CCXXII above.
^CCXXXIX “Jerubbaal” = Yerubbaal. Related to “contend” in v31 & to “Baal” in v25. 14x in OT. From rib (see note CCXXXIV above) + Baal (see note CXCIX above). This is Jerubbaal, a name that means “let Baal contend” or “the Lord contends” or “Baal contends” or “he will contend with Baal” or “let Baal plead.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Jerubbaal.html
^CCXL “pulled down” = nathats. Same as “broken down” in v28. See note CCXXII above.

^CCXLI “came” = asaph. This is to gather, assemble, or bring. It can also mean to take away, destroy, or remove.
^CCXLII “together” = yachad. From yachad (to join, be united). This is a unit, both, altogether, unitedness, alike.
^CCXLIII “crossed over” = abar. This is to pass over or cross over. It is used for transitions, whether literal or figurative. It can also mean to escape, alienate, or fail. This is the root verb from which “Hebrew” is drawn.
^CCXLIV “Valley” = emeq. From amoq (to be deep in a literal or figurative sense; profound). This is Vale or valley – frequently part of place names.
^CCXLV “Jezreel” = Yizreel. Related to “Israelites” in v1 & “God” in v8 & to “put in seed” in v3. From zara (see note XX above) + El (see note LX above). This is Jezreel or Yizreel. It means “God sows” or “God will sow.”

^CCXLVI “spirit” = ruach. From ruach (smell, breathe, perceive, anticipate, accept, enjoy). This is breath, wind, air, cool, spirit. This is wind, which resembles the breath and so this can be used figuratively for life itself or being frail/mortal/impermanent. It can refer to the air of the sky or the spirit.
^CCXLVII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note V above.
^CCXLVIII “took possession” = labash. This is to wrap around, which implies clothing oneself or someone else. This is wrapping around in a literal or figurative way.
^CCXLIX “sounded” = taqa. This is to clap, clatter, thrust, sound an instrument, hammer a nail, be a bondsman.
^CCL “trumpet” = shophar. From shaphar (being beautiful or lovely). This is a ram’s horn, trumpet, or cornet. A shofar is still blown at Jewish festivals such as Rosh Hashanah (the Jewish new year celebration).

^CCLI “Abiezrites” = Abiezer. Related to “Abiezrite” in v11 & “ancestors” in v13 & to “Abiezrite” in v11. 7x in OT. See note LXXXV above.
^CCLII “called out” = zaaq. Same as “cried out…for help” in v6. See note LI above.
^CCLIII “follow” = achar. From achar (to remain behind, linger, continue, be behind, or delay; can also imply procrastination). This is after or the last part, following.
^CCLIV “messengers” = malak. Same as “angel” in v11. See note LXXVIII above.
^CCLV “too” = gam. This is also, moreover, again.
^CCLVI “called out” = zaaq. Same as “cried out…for help” in v6. See note LI above.
^CCLVII “Asher” = Asher. Related to “sacred pole” in v25. From ashar (see note CCI above). This is Asher, one of Jacob’s children and his tribe. It means “happy one.”

^CCLVIII “Zebulun” = Zebulun. From zabal (to dwell, inclose, reside). This is Zebulun, that tribe, or their territory. It means “habitation.”
^CCLIX “Naphtali” = Naphtali. From pathal (to twist, twine, wrestle, struggle, behave in an unsavory way). This is Naphtali, meaning “my wrestling.” It can refer to Naphtali, his tribe, or the lands of the tribe.
^CCLX “went up” = alah. Same as “come up” in v3. See note XXV above.
^CCLXI “meet” = qirah. From the same as qara (to happen, meet, bring about). This is any kind of encounter, whether peaceful, hostile, or incidental. It can also mean help or seek.

^CCLXII “God” = Elohim. Same as “God” in v8. See note LX above.
^CCLXIII “will” = yesh. Same as “is” in v13. See note XCIX above.
^CCLXIV “deliver” = yasha. Same as “deliver” in v14. See note CX above.
^CCLXV “hand” = yad. Same as “hand” in v1. See note VII above.
^CCLXVI “said” = dabar. Same as “speak” in v17. See note CXXXIII above.

^CCLXVII {untranslated} = hinneh. Same as {untranslated} in v15. See note CXVII above.
^CCLXVIII “lay” = yatsag. 16x in OT. This is to set, establish, present, stay. It can imply putting something somewhere permanently.
^CCLXIX “fleece” = gizzah. 7x in OT – all in this chapter. From gazaz (to cut off, shave, shear sheep; figuratively, conquer an enemy). This is a fleece.
^CCLXX “wool” = tsemer. 16x in OT. This is wool or shaggy thing.
^CCLXXI “threshing floor” = goren. Root may mean to smooth. It is a threshing floor, barn, or open areas more generally.

^CCLXXII “dew” = tal. Perhaps from talal (to cover, roof, strew). This is dew or mist as something that covers plants.
^CCLXXIII “alone” = bad. From badad (to divide or be separated; alone, solitary, lonely, isolated, straggler). This is apart, alone, separation, body part, tree branch, except. It can also be a city’s chief.
^CCLXXIV “dry” = choreb. 16x in OT. From chereb (any sharp instrument like a sword, dagger, axe, or mattock); from charab (to dry up because of drought, destroy, or make waste, kill). This is drought, heat, desolation.
^CCLXXV “ground” = erets. Same as “land” in v4. See note XXX above.

^CCLXXVI “know” = yada. This is to know, acknowledge, advise, answer, be aware, be acquainted with. Properly, this is to figure something out by seeing. It includes ideas of observation, recognition, and care about something. It can be used causatively for instruction, designation, and punishment.
^CCLXXVII “deliver” = yasha. Same as “deliver” in v14. See note CX above.
^CCLXXVIII “hand” = yad. Same as “hand” in v1. See note VII above.
^CCLXXIX “said” = dabar. Same as “speak” in v17. See note CXXXIII above.

^CCLXXX “next morning” = mochorath. Related to “follow” in v34. From the same as machar (tomorrow or later; deferred time; indefinitely or the time to come); perhaps from achar (see note CCLIII above). This is the next day or next morning.
^CCLXXXI “squeezed” = zur. 3x in OT. This is to crush, squeeze, drain, close, or tighten.
^CCLXXXII “wrung” = matsah. 7x in OT. This is to drain, suck, or wring.
^CCLXXXIII “fill” = melo. From male (fill, satisfy, replenish, accomplish, fulfill, confirm, or consecrate; fill in a literal or figurative sense). This is fullness in a literal or figurative sense.
^CCLXXXIV “bowl” = sephel. 2x in OT. May come from a word that means depress. This is a bowl, dish, or basin.
^CCLXXXV “water” = mayim. This is water, waters, or waterway in a general sense. Figuratively, it can also mean juice, urine, or semen.

^CCLXXXVI “said” = amar. Same as “said” in v8. See note LVIII above.
^CCLXXXVII “God” = Elohim. Same as “God” in v8. See note LX above.
^CCLXXXVIII “anger” = aph. From anaph (to be angry; properly, breathing hard as a signifier of being enraged). This properly refers to the nose or nostril and by extension the face. It can specifically refer to anger or wrath as one breathes hard and nostrils flare in times of great anger.
^CCLXXXIX “burn” = charah. Perhaps related to charar (to be hot, burn, glow, melt, be scorched; figuratively, to incite passion, be angry). This is to be displeased, burn with anger, glow, become warn. Figuratively it is a blaze of anger, zeal, or jealousy.

^CCXC {untranslated} = ak. Related to “so” in v20. Related to aken (surely, truly, nevertheless); from kun (see note CLXI above). This is a positive statement – surely, also, certainly, alone, only.
^CCXCI “one more time” = paam. From paam (to move, trouble; to tap in a regular rhythm; to agitate). This is a beat, stroke, footstep, or occurrence.
^CCXCII “please” = na. Same as “now” in v17. See note CXXVII above.
^CCXCIII “make trial” = nasah. This is to test, prove, try, tempt, or attempt.

^CCXCIV “just” = raq. From the same as raq (thin, surely, only); perhaps from raqaq (to spit). This is but, except, at least. In the sense of being thin, it figuratively refers to some kind of limit.
^CCXCV “once more” = paam. Same as “one more time” in v39. See note CCXCI above.
^CCXCVI {untranslated} = na. Same as “now” in v17. See note CXXVII above.
^CCXCVII “only” = bad. Same as “alone” in v37. See note CCLXXIII above.
^CCXCVIII “God” = Elohim. Same as “God” in v8. See note LX above.