Luke 21

^I “looked up” = anablepo. From ana (up, back, again, among, between, anew) + blepo (to see, used primarily in the physical sense; figuratively, seeing, which includes attention and so to watchfulness, being observant, perceiving, beware, and acting on the visual information). This is to look up or regain sight.
^II “saw” = horao. To see, perceive, attend to, look upon, experience. Properly, to stare at and so implying clear discernment. This, by extension, would indicate attending to what was seen and learned. This is to see, often with a metaphorical sense. Can include inward spiritual seeing.
^III “rich” = plousios. From ploutos (abundance, wealth, or riches; money, possessions, spiritual abundance, or a valuable bestowment); from polus (much, many, abundant) OR pleo (to sail, voyage); {probably from pluno (to plunge – so to wash); from pluo (to flow)} OR pletho (to fill, accomplish, supply; to fill to maximum capacity). This is wealthy, having full resources. It can be a rich person or refer to God’s abundance.

^IV “putting” = ballo. This is to throw, cast, rush, place, or drop. It is throwing, but it could be with more or less velocity and with more or less force/violence.
^V “gifts” = doron. 19x in NT. From didomi (to give in a literal or figurative sense). This is gift, offering, sacrifice; emphasizes that the gift is given freely, voluntarily.
^VI “treasury” = gazophulakion. 5x in NT. 5x in NT– 4 in this story in Mk and Lk, 1x in Jn to locate Jesus saying “I am the light of the world.” From gaza (treasure, treasury, riches) + phulake (guard, watch, keeping guard, imprisonment); {from phulasso (to guard, protect, preserve through vigilance)}. This is a court in the Temple area that had collection boxes for offerings. In Nehemiah, it also refers to a storage space for public records.

^VII “poor” = penichros. 1x in NT. From the same as penes (a laborer, poor person, starving or indigent person; someone who works for their living); from pernomai (working for a living; laborer, poor person; to work for daily bread); from peno (to toil to survive day by day). This is poor or needy.
^VIII “widow” = chera. Perhaps from the base of chasma (chasm, gap, gulf); from chasko (to yawn). This is widow literally or figuratively.
^IX “two” = duo. This is two or both.
^X “small copper coins” = leptos. 3x in NT. From lepo (to peel); related to lepis (a fish scale or other scaly thing). This is something peeled or thin. So, it can refer to a very copper bronze – with the littlest value.

^XI “truly” = alethos. 18x in NT. From alethes (true, unconcealed; true because it is in concert with fact and reality – attested. Literally, what cannot be hidden; truth stands up to test and scrutiny and is undeniable, authentic); from a (not) + lanthano (concealed, hidden, unnoticed; to shut one’s eyes to, unwittingly, unawares). This is truly, really, surely, truthfully, indeed. Properly, this is saying “in accordance with fact…” – what one is about to say can be proven and is true to reality.
^XII “tell” = lego. This is to speak, say, name, call, command. It is generally to convey verbally.
^XIII “poor” = ptochos. From ptosso (to crouch or cower as a beggar does). This is poor or destitute – someone who is extremely poor and bowed down because of a long struggle under poverty. Properly, it means bent over so figuratively it is someone who is deeply destitute and lacking tangible resources. This is a beggar – as extremely opposite a wealthy person as possible.
^XIV “more” = pleion. Related to “rich” in v1. From polus (see note III above). This is many, more, great, having a greater value, more excellent.
^XV “all” = pas. This is all or very.

^XVI “contributed” = ballo + eis + ho + doron. Literally, “put in the gifts.” Ballo is the same as “putting” in v1. See note IV above. Doron is the same as “gifts” in v1. See note V above.
^XVII “abundance” = perisseuo. From perissos (abundant, more, excessive, advantage, vehemently); from peri (all-around, encompassing, excess). This is more than what is ordinary or necessary. It is abounding, overflowing, being leftover, going above and beyond. It is super-abounding in number or quality.
^XVIII “poverty” = husterema. 9x in NT. From hustereo (to fall behind, come late, be interior, suffer need, be left out); from husteros (last, later). This is something lacking. So it could be a need or a defect. It could be a shortcoming or poverty.
^XIX “had” = echo. This is to have, hold, possess.
^XX “live” = bios. 10x in NT– including the widow’s mite story where she gave all she had to live on in Mark 12:44 and Luke 21:4. This is physical life, livelihood, goods, or the way one lives one’s life.

^XXI “speaking” = lego. Same as “tell” in v3. See note XII above.
^XXII “temple” = hieron. From hieros (sacred, something sacred, temple, holy, set apart; something consecrated to a god). This is the word for temple.
^XXIII “adorned” = kosmeo. 10x in NT. From kosmos (order, the world, the universe, including its inhabitants; literally, something that is ordered; can refer to all creation or decoration in the sense that something is better ordered and so more beautiful); perhaps from the base of komizo (to carry, convey, recover); from komeo (to take care of). This is to order, arrange, beautify. It is more beautiful because it is properly arranged in a literal or figurative sense. It can also be used to mean trim a wick.

^XXIV “beautiful” = kalos. This is good, noble, beautiful, correct, or worthy. This is external signs of goodness like beauty, demonstrations of honorable character, showing moral virtues. A different word, agathos, speaks of intrinsic good.
^XXV “stones” = lithos. This is stone in a literal or figurative sense.
^XXVI “gifts dedicated” = anathema. 1x in NT. From anatithemi (to set up or fort, communicate, submit, declare); {from ana (up, again, back, among, anew) + tithemi (to put, place, set, fix, establish in a literal or figurative sense; properly, this is placing something in a passive or horizontal position)}. This is a votive offering in the Temple.

^XXVII “see” = theoreo. From theaomai (to behold, look upon, see, contemplate, visit); from thaomai (to gaze at a spectacle; to look at or contemplate as a spectator; to interpret something in efforts to grasp its significance); from theoros (a spectator or envoy). This is gazing, beholding, experiencing, discerning. It is looking at something to analyze it and concentrate on what it means. This is the root of the word “theatre” in that people concentrate on the action of the play to understand its meaning.
^XXVIII “days” = hemera. Perhaps from hemai (to sit). This is day, time, or daybreak.
^XXIX “come” = erchomai. This is to come or go.

^XXX “be left” = aphiemi. From apo (from, away from) + hiemi (to send). This is send away, release, permit, forgive, allow to depart, discharge, or send forth.
^XXXI “another” = lithos. Same as “stones” in v5. See note XXV above.
^XXXII “thrown down” = kataluo. 17x in NT. From kata (down, against, throughout, among) + luo (to loose, release, untie; figuratively, to break, destroy, or annul; releasing what had been withheld). Literally, this means thoroughly loosening. It can mean unharnessing or unyoking animals and so to lodge somewhere for a night. It can also mean to disintegrate or demolish in a literal or figurative sense. So, it can be destroy, overthrow, abolish, or tear down.

^XXXIII “asked” = eperotao. From epi (on, upon, against, what is fitting) + erotao (asking a question or making an earnest request; used when one anticipates special consideration for their request); {from eromai (to ask) OR from ereo (to say, tell, call, speak of)}. This is to question, interrogate, seek, or demand. The questioner is at an advantage – in a preferred position when they make their question.
^XXXIV “Teacher” = Didaskalos. From didasko (to teach, direct, instruct, or impart knowledge; in the New Testament, almost always used for teaching scripture); from dao (to learn). This is teacher or master.
^XXXV “sign” = semeion. From the same as semaino (to give a sign, signify, indicate, make known); from sema (a sign or mark). It is literally a sign of any kind. It also refers to a sign given by God to confirm or authenticate a message or prophecy. It is not necessarily miraculous, but it can be. The Gospel of John generally uses this word instead of miracle.
^XXXVI “is about to” = mello. Perhaps from melo (something that one is worried or concerned about, something one pays attention to or thinks about). Properly, this is ready, about to happen, to intend, delay, or linger. This is just on the point of acting.
^XXXVII “take place” = ginomai. This is to come into being, to happen, become, be born. It can be to emerge from one state or condition to another or is coming into being with the sense of movement or growth.

^XXXVIII “beware” = blepo. Related to “looked up” in v1. See note I above.
^XXXIX “led astray” = planao. From plane (wandering – used figuratively for deceit, error, sin, fraudulence, or wandering from orthodoxy); from planos (wandering, misleading, a deceiver or imposter). This is to wander, lead astray, mislead, mistake, seduce, or deceive. Generally used to refer to sin – going off the right path or roaming fr truth/virtue. This word shares a root with “planet” (as a heavenly body that wanders).
^XL “many” = polus. Related to “rich” in v1 & “more” in v3. See note III above.
^XLI “name” = onoma. May be from ginosko (know, recognize, learn from firsthand experience). This is a name, authority, cause, character, fame, reputation. The name was thought to include something of the essence of the person so it was not thought to be separate from the person.
^XLII “say” = lego. Same as “tell” in v3. See note XII above.

^XLIII “time” = kairos. This is season, opportunity, occasion. The word chronos is used for chronological time. Kairos is used for spiritually significant time – the right time or appointed time.
^XLIV “is near” = eggizo. From eggus (nearby or near in time). This is extremely close by – approaching, at hand, immediately imminent.
^XLV “go” = poreuomai. From poros (ford, passageway). This is to go, travel, journey, or die. It refers to transporting things from one place to another and focuses on the personal significance of the destination.
^XLVI “after” = opiso. Related to “saw” in v1. From the same as opisthen (after, back, from the rear); probably from opis (back); from optanomai (to appear, be seen); perhaps from horao (see note II above). This is back, behind, after.

^XLVII “hear” = akouo. This is hear or listen, but it also means to understand by hearing. This is where the word “acoustics” comes from.
^XLVIII “wars” = polemos. 18x in NT. From pelomai (to bustle) or from polus (much, many, abundant). This is war, quarrel, strife; battle, whether one time or on-going. It is war in a literal or figurative sense.
^XLIX “insurrections” = akatastasia. 5x in NT. From akatastatos (unstable, unsettled); {from a (not, without) + kathistemi (to appoint, set in order or set in place, constitute, give standing or authority, put in charge); {from kata (down, against, throughout, among) + histemi (to make to stand, place, set up, establish, appoint, stand by, stand still, stand ready, stand firm, be steadfast)}}. This is instability, upheaval, or disorder. It can be political unrest on the road to anarchy (riot, insurrection). It can also refer to moral tumult.
^L “be terrified” = ptoeo. 2x in NT – both in Luke. Perhaps related to pipto (to fall literally or figuratively) OR petomai (to fly). This is to scare, frighten, fill with panic, flutter. It is to scare someone so that the behave irrationally.

^LI “must” = dei. From deo (to tie, bind, compel; declare unlawful). This is what is necessary or proper. It is what is needed or what one should do – a duty or something inevitable. This refers to something absolutely necessary.
^LII “first” = proton. From protos (what is first, which could be the most important, the first in order, the main one, the chief); from pro (before, first, in front of, earlier). This is firstly, before, in the beginning, formerly.
^LIII “end” = telos. From tel– (to reach a goal or aim); This is an end, aim, purpose, completion, goal, consummation, or tax. It is completing a stage of something and everything that results from that completion. It can be literal or figurative.
^LIV “immediately” = eutheos. Related to “gifts dedicated” in v5. From euthus (immediately, upright, straight and not crooked); {perhaps from eu (good, well, well done, rightly) + tithemi (see note XXXVI above)}. This is directly, soon, at once.

^LV “nation” = ethnos. Probably from etho (a custom or culture). This is people who are united by having similar customs or culture. Generally, it is used to refer to Gentiles. This is a tribe, race, nation, or Gentiles in general. This is where the term “ethnicity” comes from.
^LVI “rise” = egeiro. This is to awake, raise up or lift up. It can be to get up from sitting or lying down, to get up from sleeping, to rise from a disease or from death. Figuratively, it can be rising from inactivity or from ruins.
^LVII “kingdom” = basileia. From basileus (king, emperor, sovereign); probably from basis (step, hence foot; a pace); from baino (to walk, to go). This is kingdom, rule, authority, sovereignty, royalty, a realm.

^LVIII “great” = megas. This is big in a literal or figurative sense – great, large, exceeding, abundant, high, mighty, perfect, strong, etc.
^LIX “earthquakes” = seismos. 14x in NT. From seio (to shake, move, or quake to and fro; figuratively, to create agitation, fear, or worry). This is a commotion or shaking generally. It can also be a storm or earthquake. This is where “seismic” comes from.
^LX “places” = topos. This is a place or region. It is a smaller space that can only hold a limited number of people whereas chora is a larger place. Figuratively it could be an opportunity.

^LXI “famines” = limos. 12x in NT. Probably from leipo (to leave behind, be lacking). This is hunger, famine, or lacking.
^LXII “plagues” = loimos. 2x in NT– in Luke & Acts. This is a plague or a person who is a pest.
^LXIII “dreadful portents” = phobetron. 1x in NT. From phobetros (a thing that is feared); from phobeo (to put to flight, terrify, frighten, dread, reverence, to withdraw or avoid; sometimes used in a positive sense to mean the fear of the Lord); from phobos (panic flight, fear, fear being caused, terror, alarm, that which causes fear, reverence, respect); from phebomai (to flee, withdraw, be put to flight). This is a terror, something that brings fear and makes people want to run away.
^LXIV “heaven” = ouranos. May be related to oros (mountain, hill); probably related to airo (raise, take up, lift, remove). This is the air, the sky, the atmosphere, and heaven. It is the sky that is visible and the spiritual heaven where God dwells. Heaven implies happiness, power, and eternity.

^LXV “arrest” = epiballo + epi + su + ho + cheir. Literally, “they will lay their hands on you.” Epiballo is related to “putting” in v1. 18x in NT. From epi (on, upon, among, what is fitting) + ballo (to throw, cast, place, put, drop). This is to place on, fall, lay, throw over, think about, waves crashing, emotions emerging. Cheir is the hand in a literal sense. Figuratively, the hand is the means a person uses to accomplish things so it can also mean power, means, or instrument.
^LXVI “persecute” = dioko. From dio (put to flight). This is chase or pursue in an aggressive fashion. By implication, it is persecute. It can also be used positively for eagerly pursuing something.
^LXVII “hand…over” = paradidomi. Related to “gifts” in v1. From para (from beside, by) + didomi (see note V above). This is literally to hand over – hence to deliver, abandon, or betray. It implies a personal involvement.
^LXVIII “synagogues” = sunagoge. From sun (with, together with, closely associated) + ago (to lead, bring, carry, guide, go, drive). Literally, this is a bringing together, a place of assembly. The term can be used for the people or for the place where they assemble. It is also sometimes used of Christian churches in the New Testament. So, this is synagogue, assembly, congregation, or church. This is where the word “synagogue” comes from.

^LXIX “prisons” = phulake. Related to “treasury” in v1. From phulasso (see note VI above). This is the act of guarding, the person who guards, the place where guarding occurs (i.e. a prison), or the times of guarding (the various watches).
^LXX “brought” = apago. Related to “synagogues” in v12. 16x in NT. From apo (from, away from) + ago (see note LXVIII above). This is to lead away, take away, or bring. Figuratively, it can refer to being led astray or put to death.
^LXXI “kings” = basileus. Related to “kingdom” in v10. See note LVII above.
^LXXII “governors” = hegemon. Related to “synagogues” and “brought” in v12. From hegeaomai (to think, suppose, have an opinion; to lead the way, what comes in front or first, initial thought, high esteem or authority; one who commands in an official capacity); from ago (see note LXVIII above). This is a leader in general, but also specifically a governor or commander. This is where “hegemony” comes from.

^LXXIII “give…an opportunity” = apobaino. Related to “kingdom” in v10 & “kings” in v12. 4x in NT. From apo (from, away from) + baino (see note LVII above). This is to go out, become, happen, disembark.
^LXXIV “testify” = marturion. 19x in NT. From martus (a witness whether having heard or seen something; witness literally, judicially, or figuratively; by analogy, a martyr). This is something that counts as evidence whether a witness, testimony, or other proof.
^LXXV “make up” = tithemi. Related to “gifts dedicated” in v5 & “immediately” in v9. See note XXVI above.

^LXXVI “minds” = kardia. Literally the heart, but figuratively mind, character, inner self, will, intention, thoughts, feelings. Also, the center of something. The word heart is only used figuratively in the Old and New Testaments. This is where “cardiac” comes from.
^LXXVII “defense” = apologeomai. Related to “tell” in v3. 10x in NT. From apo (from, away from) + logos (word, statement, speech, analogy; a word that carries an idea or expresses a thought, a saying; a person with a message or reasoning laid out in words; by implication, a topic, line of reasoning, or a motive; can be used for a divine utterance or as Word – Christ); from lego (see note XII above)}. This is to make an accounting or defend oneself – particularly in court; present proof or evidence using sound logic.
^LXXVIII “prepare…in advance” = promeletao. Related to “is about to” in v7. 1x in NT. From pro (before, first, in front of, earlier) + meletao (to concern; to be something that warrants attention, worry, or thought); {from melete (care) or from melo (see note XXXVI above)}. This is to premediate or prepare beforehand.

^LXXIX “give” = didomi. Related to “gifts” in v1 & “hand…over” in v12. See note V above.
^LXXX “words” = stoma. Perhaps from tomoteros (sharp, keener); from temno (to cut). This is mouth, speech, language, the tip of a sword, an opening in the ground.
^LXXXI “wisdom” = sophia. From sophos (wise, clever, skilled, learned, cultivated); related to saphes (clear). This is skill, wisdom, insight, intelligence, clarity. It is wisdom as applied through a practical skill or shrewdness. It is not thoughtfulness or the mere gaining of intelligence for its own sake. Sophia is wisdom in action for everyday living.
^LXXXII “none” = ou…hapas. Hapas is related to “all” in v3. From hama (at once, together with) + pas (see note XV above) OR from a (with) + pas (see above). This is all; every part working together as a unit.

^LXXXIII “opponents” = antikeimai. 8x in NT. From anti (opposite, instead of, against) + keimai (to lie, recline, set, be appointed, be destined). This is to resist, oppose, or withstand. It can also be opposition, adversary, or enemy. This is to lie opposite or place against – being in irreconcilable opposition. Figuratively, it can be repugnant.
^LXXXIV “be able to” = dunamai. This is to be able, or something that is possible. It can also be empowered or being powerful. The Greek word for “miracle” (dunamis) comes from this root.
^LXXXV “withstand” = anthistemi. Related to “insurrections” in v9. 14x in NT. From anti (opposite, instead of, against) + histemi (see note XLIX above). This is to stand against, to take an entirely opposite stance, resist, oppose, or withstand. Figuratively, it is publicly holding your ground. It has its roots as a military term for resisting one’s enemy.
^LXXXVI “contradict” = antilego. Related to “tell” in v3 & “defense” in v14. 11x in NT. From anti (opposite, instead of, against) + lego (see note XII above). This is literally to speak against – so, to contradict, oppose, resist. It is being argumentative, especially with a hostile bent through opposition. It can indicate attempts to thwart.

^LXXXVII “betrayed” = paradidomi. Same as “hand…over” in v12. See note LXVII above.
^LXXXVIII “parents” = goneus. Related to “take place” in v7. From ginomai (see note XXXVII above). This is a parent or a father.
^LXXXIX “siblings” = adelphos. From a (with, community, fellowship) + delphus (womb). This is a brother in a literal or figurative sense. It is also used of another member of the Church.
^XC “relatives” = suggenes. Related to “take place” in v7 & “parents” in v16. 12x in NT. From sun (with, together with) + genos (family, offspring, kin – in a literal or figurative sense); from ginomai (see note XXXVII above)}. This is relative, kinsman, offspring, or otherwise someone from the same stock. It can also be used for a fellow countryman.
^XCI “friends” = philos. This is dear, beloved, a friend, an associate; friendship with personal affection, a trusted confidante; love from personal experience with another person.
^XCII “put…to death” = thanatoo. 11x in NT. From thanatos (death, whether literal or spiritual; also something fatal); from thnesko (to die, be dead). This is to kill in a literal or figurative sense – subdue, mortify, be apart from.

^XCIII “hated” = miseo. From misos (hatred). This word is used in two ways in the New Testament. One has to do with how we prioritize. In order to prioritize something the highest, it means we have to rank other things lower. We cannot have 10 number one priorities. So, the nine that are not number 1, we love less or we value them lower. We make a moral choice the springs from our values about where we put our time, efforts, energy, etc. The other way is detesting or hatred as we normally think of it. This sense has a particular affinity with persecuting the one we hate.
^XCIV “hair” = thrix. 15x in NT. This is hair, whether human or animal.
^XCV “head” = kephale. This is head or chief. It can be a literal head or, figuratively, a ruler or lord. It can also refer to a corner stone. This is where the word “cephalic” comes from.
^XCVI “perish” = apollumi. From apo (from, away from) + ollumi (to destroy or ruin; the loss that comes from a major ruination). This is to destroy, cut off, to perish – perhaps violently. It can also mean to cancel or remove.

^XCVII “endurance” = hupomone. From hupo (by, under, about) + meno (to stay, remain, wait, await, continue, abide). This is properly to remain behind or remain under. It implies endurance, patience, steadfastness, and waiting in hope.
^XCVIII “gain” = ktaomai. 7x in NT. This is to get, purchase, acquire, gain.
^XCIX “souls” = psuche. From psucho (to breathe, blow). This is breath, the breath of life, the self, individual, soul. This is the word for that which makes a person unique – their identity, will, personality, affections. This isn’t the soul as the immortal part of us, but as our individuality. It is also not life as a general concept, but specific to people. This is where the words psyche and psychology come from.

^C “see” = horao. Same as “saw” in v1. See note II above.
^CI “Jerusalem” = Ierousalem. From Hebrew Yerushalaim (probably foundation of peace); {from yarah (to throw, shoot, be stunned; to flow as water so figuratively to instruct or teach) + shalam (to make amends, to be complete or sound)}. This is Jerusalem, dwelling of peace.
^CII “surrounded” = kukloo. 5x in NT. From the same as kuklo (circle, surrounding); from kuklos (circle, ring). This is to encircle, surround, gather. It is where the word “cycle” comes from.
^CIII “armies” = stratopedon. 1x in NT. From the same as strateuo (to fight a war, be a soldier, doing military service; doing spiritual warfare figuratively); {from stratos (encamped army) OR from stratia (army; used figuratively for large, organized groups like the angels and the hosts of heaven, which is to say the stars); from the same as strateuo (to wage war, fight, serve as a soldier; used figuratively for spiritual warfare); or from the base of stronnuo (to spread, to spread out like a bed)} + pedon (an oar’s blade); {from the same as pede (shackle); from peza (instep); from pous (foot in a literal or figurative sense)} OR from stratia (see above) + the same as pedinos (a flat plain – easy to walk across); {from pedion (a plain) or pous (see above)}. This is an army that is camping. So, it could refer to the army or the campground.

^CIV “know” = ginosko. Related to “name” in v8. See note XLI above.
^CV “desolation” = eremosis. 3x in NT– all in reference to the “desolating sacrilege” in Gospel parallels. From eremoo (to desolate, destroy, rob, abandon, desert; to lay waste in a literal or figurative sense); from eremos (properly, a place that is not settled or farmed, not populated; could be a deserted area or a desert place; secluded, solitary, or lonesome; any kind of vegetation is sparse, but so are people generally). This is a desolation or devastation that comes from being cut off or separated.
^CVI “come near” = eggizo. Same as “is near” in v8. See note XLIV above.

^CVII “Judea” = Ioudaia. From Hebrew Yehudah (Judah, son of Jacob, his tribal descendants, a name for the southern kingdom. Literally, it means praised); probably from yadah (to throw one’s hands into the air in a gesture of praise); from yad (hand). This is Judea, which was a Roman province.
^CVIII “flee” = pheugo. This is to run away in a literal or figurative sense. It can also be to flee, escape, shun, or vanish.
^CIX “mountains” = oros. Related to “heaven” in v11. Perhaps from oro (to rise); perhaps akin to airo (raise, take up, lift, remove). This is mountain or hill.
^CX “inside” = mesos. Perhaps from meta (with among, behind, beyond; implies a change following contact or action). This is middle, among, center, midst.
^CXI “city” = autos. Literally, “it.”

^CXII “leave” = ekchoreo. Related to “widow” in v2 & {untranslated} in v13. 1x in NT. From ek (from, from out of) + choreo (to make space, receive, have room for, progress, depart so as to make room; figuratively, living open-heartedly); {from choros (a particular space or place); from chora (space, land, region, fields, open area); from chasma (gap, gulf, chasm, open space); from chasko (to gape, yawn)}. This is to withdraws, flee, or leave.
^CXIII “country” = chora. Related to “leave” in v21. See note CXII above.
^CXIV “enter” = eiserchomai. Related to “come” in v6. From eis (to, into, for, among) + erchomai (see note XXIX above). This is to go in in a literal or figurative sense.

^CXV “vengeance” = ekdikesis. 9x in NT. From ekdikeo (to defend, vindicate, dole out justice, avenge; to retaliate); from ekdikos (to avenge, enact a just punishment or judgment); {from ek (from, from out of) + dike (the principle of justice; that which is right in a way that is very clear; a decision or the execution of that decision; originally, this word was for custom or usage; evolved to include the process of law, judicial hearing, execution of sentence, penalty, and even vengeance; more commonly, it refers to what is right); {may be from deiknumi (to show, point out, exhibit; figurative for teach, demonstrate, make known). This is vengeance, vindication, or punishment.
^CXVI “fulfillment” = pleitho. This is to fill to the highest level possible – to accomplish, supply, or complete.
^CXVII “written” = grapho. This is to write or describe. It is where the word “graphic” comes from.

^CXVIII “woe” = ouai. This is alas or woe to show grief or to denounce something.
^CXIX “are pregnant” = en + gaster + echo. Literally, “in womb having.” Gaster is 9x in NT. This is belly or womb. It can be used specifically to mean pregnant. This is one of the roots of the word “gastronomy.” Echo is the same as “had” in v4. See note XIX above.
^CXX “nursing infants” = thelazo. 5x in NT. From thele (a nipple). This is to nurse or suckle – a nursing baby.

^CXXI “distress” = anagke. 18x in NT. From ana (up, again, anew) + agcho (to press tightly, compress) OR related to agkale (the arm, particularly one that is bent to carry a load). This is necessity – something that happens that requires an immediate response. It is generally associated with pain or distress.
^CXXII “earth” = ge. This is earth, land, soil, region, country, the inhabitants of an area.
^CXXIII “wrath” = orge. From orgao (something that teems or stews; anger rising from prolonged personal contact that is fixed rather than an angry outburst; anger that stems from an individual’s sense of right and wrong, justice, etc.) or from orego (to stretch out towards, yearn for, aspire to, desire). This is impulse, wrath, anger, passion, punishment. Properly, this is fixed anger from ongoing personal irritation caused by something the one getting angry sees as unjust or evil. Wrath implies punishment. Can refer to human or divine wrath.
^CXXIV “people” = laos. This is the people or crowd – often used for the chosen people. This is where the word “laity” comes from.

^CXXV “fall” = pipto. Related to “be terrified” in v9. See note L above.
^CXXVI “edge” = stoma. Same as “words” in v15. See note LXXX above.
^CXXVII “sword” = machaira. Perhaps from mache (fight, battle, conflict; figuratively, controversy); from machomai (to fight, strive, dispute, quarrel; to war). This is a short sword, slaughter knife, or dagger. It is a stabbing weapon. Figuratively, associated with retribution, war, or legal punishment.

^CXXVIII “taken away as captives” = aichmalotizo. 4x in NT. From aichmalotos (a prisoner or captive in war); {from aichme (a spear) + haliskomai (taken or conquered) or halosis (capturing); from haliskomai (see above); from haireomai (to take, choose, or prefer); probably related to airo (raise, take up, lift, remove)}. This is to take captive, ensnare, subdue, lead captive, or make a prisoner.
^CXXIX “trampled on” = pateo. 5x in NT – all in Luke and Revelation. From patos (trodden) OR from paio (to strike, smite, sting; a hit like a single blow). This is to tread, trample on. It is to trample literally or figuratively.
^CXXX “are fulfilled” = pleroo. From pleres (to be full, complete, abounding in, occupied with). This is to fill, make full or complete. Properly, this is filling something up to the maximum extent that it can be filled – an appropriate amount for its individual capacity. So, this is used figuratively for furnish, influence, satisfy, finish, preach, perfect, and fulfill.

^CXXXI “sun” = helios. This is sun, which would imply light in general or the east.
^CXXXII “moon” = selene. 9x in NT. From selas (bright flame). This is moon as bright.
^CXXXIII “stars” = astron. Related to “armies” in v20. 4x in NT. From aster (star literally or figuratively); probably from stronnumi or stronnuo (see note CIII above). This is a star or a constellation seen as a single unit. It can also evoke the Roman god Saturn.
^CXXXIV “distress” = sunoche. Related to “had” in v4. 2x in NT. From sunecho (to hold together or hold fast, to close or press together; to be struck by an illness, arrested, compressed as by a multitude or a siege; figuratively, to compel, perplex, preoccupy, afflict); {from sun (with, together with) + echo (see note XIX above)}. This is anguish or anxiety. It is something in hard circumstances where someone feels trapped or restrained. Hence, it is distress.

^CXXXV “confused” = aporia. Related to “go” in v8. 1x in NT. From aporeo (perplexed, in doubt; mentally at a loss); {from a (not, without) + poros (see note XLV above)}. This is anxiety, confusion, doubt.
^CXXXVI “roaring” = echos. 4x in NT. From eche (noise or sound). This is a loud sound, roaring, or echo. It can also be a report, rumor, or fame. This is where the word “echo” comes from.
^CXXXVII “sea” = thalassa. Perhaps from hals (sea, salt, a boy of saltwater) or halas (salt; can be figurative for prudence). This is the sea, a lake, or seashore.
^CXXXVIII “waves” = salos. Related to “earthquakes” in v11. 1x in NT. Probably from the base of saino (wag the tail, flatter, beguile, move, shake; figuratively, to disturb); related to seio (see note LIX above). This is a rolling or tossing. It is used of waves or the sea, particularly during a storm.

^CXXXIX “people” = anthropos. Related to “saw” in v1 & “after” in v8. Probably from aner (man, male, husband) + ops (eye, face); {from optanomai (see note XLVI above)}. This is human, humankind. Used for all genders.
^CXL “faint” = apopsucho. Related to “souls” in v19.1x in NT. From apo (from, away from) + psucho (see note XCIX above). This is to faint because of not having enough breath. It can refer to being discouraged.
^CXLI “fear” = phobos. Related to “dreadful portents” in v11. See note LXIII above.
^CXLII “foreboding” = prosdokia. 2x in NT. From prosdokao (to await, anticipate, expect, look for); {from pros (at, to, toward, with) + dokeuo (to watch)}. This is expectation or waiting. It can also be a sense of foreboding.

^CXLIII “coming” = eperchomai. Related to “come” in v6 & “enter” in v21. 10x in NT. From epi (on, upon, to, against, what is fitting) + erchomai (see note XXIX above). This is to come upon, arrive, occur. It focuses on the impact or influence beyond the initial coming.
^CXLIV “world” = oikoumene. 15x in NT. From oikeo (to settle or be established somewhere in a permanent way, to make a home or live at home); from oikos (house – the building, the household, the family, descendants; the temple). This is the world – the part where people live. It was used specifically for the Roman world. It is the root of the word “ecumenic.”
^CXLV “powers” = dunamis. Related to “be able to” in v15. From dunamai (see note LXXXIV above). This is might, strength, physical power, efficacy, energy, and miraculous power. It is force literally or figuratively – the power of a miracle or the miracle itself.
^CXLVI “be shaken” = saleuo. Related to “waves” in v25. 15x in NT. From salos (see note CXXXVIII above). This is to agitate or shake up. It can mean to disturb, topple, incite, or destroy.

^CXLVII “see” = horao. Same as “saw” in v1. See note II above.
^CXLVIII “Son” = Huios. This is son, descendant – a son whether natural born or adopted. It can be used figuratively for other forms of kinship.
^CXLIX “Man” = anthropos. Same as “people” in v26. See note CXXXIX above.
^CL “cloud” = nephele. From nephos (cloud; figurative for a great crowd or multitude). This is cloud or cloudiness.
^CLI “great” = polus. Same as “many” in v8. See note XL above.
^CLII “glory” = doxa. From dokeo (to have an opinion, seem, appear, suppose; a personal judgment; to think); from dokos (opinion). This is literally something that evokes a good opinion – something that connects to our understanding of intrinsic worth. The ultimate expression of this is, of course, God and God’s manifestation. So, this is opinion, honor, and dignity, but also praise, glory, renown, and worship.

^CLIII “begin” = archomai. From archo (to rule, begin, have first rank or have political power). This is to begin or rule.
^CLIV “stand up” = anakupto. 4x in NT. From ana (up, back, among, again, anew) + kupto (to stoop, bend forward, bow one’s head); {perhaps from kuma (wave, billow, curve, bend); from kuo (to swell as one pregnant)}. This is to stand up, roll back, be elated, unbend.
^CLV “raise” = epairo. Related to “taken away as captives” in v24. 19x in NT. From epi (on, upon, among, what is fitting) + airo (see note CXXVIII above). This is to lift up or raise in a literal or figurative sense. Figuratively, it could mean to exalt oneself.
^CLVI “redemption” = apolutrosis. Related to “thrown down” in v6. 10x in NT.
^CLVII “drawing near” = eggizo. Same as “is near” in v8. See note XLIV above. From apo (from, away from) + lutroo (to redeem, liberate, release because ransom was paid in full; figuratively, returning something or someone to their rightful owner); {from lutron (ransom, the money used to free slaves; also a sacrifice of expiation; figurative for atonement); from luo (see note XXXII above)}. This is redemption, deliverance, or release particularly with the notion of ransom paid – a buying back what had been lost.

^CLVIII “parable” = parabole. Related to “putting” in v1 & “arrest” in v12. From paraballo (literally to throw beside, compare, arrive, liken); {from para (by, beside, in the presence of) + ballo (see note IV above)}. This is a parable, comparison, adage. Quite often a tale told or a metaphor to establish a point, but it could be a true story.
^CLIX “look” = horao. Same as “saw” in v1. See note II above.
^CLX “trees” = dendron. Perhaps from drus (oak). This is tree. It is the same root that “dendrite” comes from.
^CLXI “sprout” = proballo. Related to “putting” in v1 & “arrest” in v12 & “parable” in v29. 2x in NT. From pro (before, ahead, earlier than, above) + ballo (see note IV above). This is to throw before, sprout, put forward, produce.
^CLXII “see” = blepo. Same as “beware” in v8. See note XXXVIII above.
^CLXIII “summer” = theros. 3x in NT. From thero (to heat). This is properly heat so it refers to the summer.
^CLXIV “near” = eggus. Related to “is near” in v8 & “distress” in v23. See note XLIV above.

^CLXV “see” = horao. Same as “saw” in v1. See note II above.
^CLXVI “God” = Theos. From Proto-Indo-European origins, meaning do, put, place. This is God or a god in general.
^CLXVII “truly” = amen. From Hebrew amen (verily, truly, amen, truth, so be it, faithfulness); from aman (to believe, endure, fulfill, confirm, support, be faithful, put one’s trust in, be steadfast. Figuratively, this is to be firm, steadfast, or faithful, trusting, believing, being permanent, morally solid). This word is literally firmness, but figuratively fidelity, faithfulness, honesty, responsibility, trust, truth, steadfastness. Properly, it is to be sure, certain, or firm. This is a word of emphasis indicating that something crucial follows.

^CLXVIII “generation” = genea. Related to “take place” in v7 & “parents” and “relatives” in v16. From genos (see note XC above). This is family, generation, kind, or nation. As generation, it implies an age as a period of time. It can also mean infinity. This is the root of the word “generation.
^CLXIX “pass away” = parerchomai. Related to “come” in v6 & “enter” in v21 & “coming” in v26. From para (from beside, by) + erchomai (see note XXIX above). This is pass by, neglect, disregard. Figuratively, it can mean to perish or to become void.
^CLXX “words” = logos. Related to “tell” in v3 & “defense” in v14 & “contradict” in v15. See note LXXVII above.

^CLXXI “be on guard” = prosecho. Related to “had” in v4 & “distress” in v25. From pros (at, toward) + echo (see note XIX above). This is have towards, which is to say to give something your complete attention, beware, be cautious, hold to, turn to.
^CLXXII “hearts” = kardia. Same as “minds” in v14. See note LXXVI above.
^CLXXIII “are…weighed down” = bareo. Related to “kingdom” in v10 & “kings” in v12 & “give…an opportunity” in v13. 6x in NT. From barus (heavy, burdensome; figuratively, violent, oppressive; that which presses down on someone so that they cannot move freely); from the same as baros (weight, burden in a literal or figurative sense; authority); probably from basis (see note LVII above). This is heavy, press, weigh down, or burden.
^CLXXIV “dissipation” = kraipale. Related to “taken away as captives” in v24. 1x in NT. Perhaps from the same as harpazo (to seize by force, snatch away); from haireo (see note CXXVIII above).  This is squandering through drunkenness, a headache, a debauch.
^CLXXV “drunkenness” = methe. 3x in NT. This is heavy drinking – to the point of drunkenness. Always referenced as a negative.

^CLXXVI “worries” = merimna. 6x in NT. Perhaps from merizo (to divide, part, share, distribute, assign; figuratively, to differ); from meros (part, share, portion figurative or literal); from meiromai (to get your share, receive one’s allotment). This is a portion removed from the whole. Figuratively, it is care, worry, or anxiety that tears a person apart.
^CLXXVII “life” = biotikos. Related to “live” in v4. 3x in NT. From bioo (to live, life related to the physical); from bios (see note XX above). This is related to regular life, earthly life, physicality.
^CLXXVIII “catch” = ephistemi. Related to “insurrections” in v9 & “withstand” in v15
^CLXXIX “unexpectedly” = aiphnidios. 2x in NT. From aiphnes (suddenly); {from a (not, without) + phaino (to bring light, cause to appear, shine, become visible or clear); {perhaps from phos (light, radiance; light literal or figurative)}}. This is literally not apparent so sudden or unexpected.

^CLXXX “trap” = pagis. 5x in NT. From pegnumi (to fasten, to set up a tent). This is a trap or a snare. It is often used to snare birds. Figuratively, this is a stratagem or a moral snare, a trick.
^CLXXXI “come” = eperchomai. Same as “coming” in v26. See note CXLIII above.
^CLXXXII “live” = kathemai. Related to “days” in v6. From kata (down, against, throughout, among) + hemai (see note XXVIII above). This is to sit, be enthroned, or reside.
^CLXXXIII “face” = prosopon. Related to “saw” in v1 & “after” in v8 & “people” in v26. From pros (at, towards, with) + ops (see note CXXXIX above). This is the face, surface, or front. It can imply presence more generally.
^CLXXXIV “whole” = pas. Same as “all” in v3. See note XV above.

^CLXXXV “be alert” = agrupneo. Related to “synagogues” and “brought” and “governors” in v12. 4x in NT. From agreuo (to capture or trap by hunting); {from agra (a catch of fish); probably related to agros (a field as a place where one grows crops or pastures cattle; a farm or lands) or from ago (see note LXVIII above) + hupnos (sleep – literal or figurative); {perhaps from hupo (by, under, about, subordinate to)} OR From a (not, without) + hupnos (see above). This is awake, not asleep, vigilant, alert.
^CLXXXVI “praying” = deomai. Related to “must” in v9. From deo (see note LI above). This is having an urgent need because one is missing or needing something so it is an earnest appeal or pressing request.
^CLXXXVII “have the strength” = katischuo. Related to “had” in v4 & “distress” in v25 & “be on guard” in v34. 3x in NT. From kata (down, against, according to, throughout) + ischuo (to be strong, healthy and vigorous, able, have power, prevail; strength that engages a resisting force); from ischus (strength, might, power, force, ability; power that engages immediate resistance); {perhaps from is (force) + echo (see note XIX above)}}. This is to have strength or overpower.

^CLXXXVIII “escape” = ekpheugo. Related to “flee” in v21. 8x in NT. From ek (from, from out of) + pheugo (see note CVIII above). This is to flee away or escape.
^CLXXXIX “will” = mello. Same as “is about to” in v7. See note XXXVI above.
^CXC “stand” = histemi. Related to “insurrections” in v9 & “withstand” in v15 & “catch” in v34. See note XLIX above.
^CXCI “teaching” = didasko. Related to “Teacher” in v7. See note XXXIV above.
^CXCII “go out” = exerchomai. Related to “come” in v6 & “enter” in v21 & “coming” in v26 & “pass away” in v32. From ek (from, from out of) + erchomai (see note XXIX above). This is to go out, depart, escape, proceed from, spread news abroad.
^CXCIII “spend the night” = aulizomai. 2x in NT. From aule (to inquire, question, examine precisely, test with questions); {from ek (from, from out of) + etazo (to examine)}. This is to spend the night, lodge, abide.

^CXCIV “Mount” = oros. Same as “mountains” in v21. See note CIX above.
^CXCV “Olives” = Elaia. 15x in NT. This is olive or olive tree. Sometimes, it refers to the chosen people.
^CXCVI “called” = kaleo. Related to keleuo (to command, order, direct); from kelomai (to urge on). This is to call by name, invite, to name, bid, summon, call aloud.
^CXCVII “people” = laos. Same as “people” in v23. See note CXXIV above.
^CXCVIII “get up early in the morning” = orthizo. Related to “heaven” in v11 & “mountains” in v21. 1x in NT. From orthos (dawn, sunrise, morning); from the same as oros (see note LXIV above). This is to get up early, to arrive in the morning.
^CXCIX “listen” = akouo. Same as “hear” in v9. See note XLVII above.