Luke 3:8

Luke 3:8
NL302

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Therefore, bearA fruitsB worthyC of repentance,D

Notes on verse 8a

A “bear” = poieo. This is to make, do, act, construct, abide, or cause.
B “fruits” = karpos. Perhaps from harpazo (to seize by force, snatch away); from haireo (to choose, take). This is a fruit or vegetable, through sometimes it refers to an animal. Figuratively, it is deeds, results, profits, or gain.
C “worthy” = axios. From ago (to lead, bring, carry, guide, drive, go). This is related to weight or worth – deserving, suitable, corresponding, due reward.
D “repentance” = metanoia. From meta (with, among, after, beyond) + noieo (to perceive, think, understand); {from nous (mind, understanding, reasoning faculty, intellect, capacity to reflect)}. This is literally to change one’s mind – to choose to think differently and so to act differently because of a moral compunction. It is an intentional change to the inner self. This word shares a root with the English “paranoia.”

and do not beginE to sayF to yourselves, ‘We haveG AbrahamH as our ancestor,’I

Notes on verse 8b

E “begin” = archomai. From archo (to rule, begin, have first rank or have political power). This is to begin or rule.
F “say” = lego. This is to speak, say, name, call, command. It is generally to convey verbally.
G “have” = echo. This is to have, hold, possess.
H “Abraham” = Abraam. From Hebrew Abraham (exalted father); from the same as Abiram (exalted father, a high father – lofty) {from ab (father literal or figurative) + rum (rise, bring up, being high, extol, exalt, haughty; to raise in a literal or figurative sense)}. This is Abraham, father of many nations or father of a multitude.
I “ancestor” = pater. This is father in a literal or figurative sense. Could be elder, senior, ancestor, originator, or patriarch.

for I tellJ you, GodK is ableL from these stonesM to raise upN childrenO to Abraham.

Notes on verse 8c

J “tell” = lego. Same as “say” in v8. See note F above.
K “God” = Theos. From Proto-Indo-European origins, meaning do, put, place. This is God or a god in general.
L “is able” = dunamai. This is to be able, or something that is possible. It can also be empowered or being powerful. The Greek word for “miracle” (dunamis) comes from this root.
M “stones” = lithos. This is stone in a literal or figurative sense.
N “raise up” = egeiro. This is to awake, raise up or lift up. It can be to get up from sitting or lying down, to get up from sleeping, to rise from a disease or from death. Figuratively, it can be rising from inactivity or from ruins.
O “children” = teknon. This is to awake, raise up or lift up. It can be to get up from sitting or lying down, to get up from sleeping, to rise from a disease or from death. Figuratively, it can be rising from inactivity or from ruins.


Image credit: “City of Rocks by Starlight (15210923195)” by John Fowler, 2014.

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