Mark 2:13-22

^A “went out” = exerchomai. From ek (from, from out of) + erchomai (to come, go). This is to go out, depart, escape, proceed from, spread news abroad.
^B “again” = palin. Perhaps from the same as pale (wrestling, struggle, conflict); from pallo (to sway or vibrate). This is back, again, anew.
^C “sea” = thalassa. Perhaps from hals (sea, salt, a boy of saltwater) or halas (salt; can be figurative for prudence). This is the sea, a lake, or seashore.

^D “whole” = pas. This is all or every.
^E “crowd” = ochlos. Perhaps from echo (to have, hold, possess). This is a crowd, the common people, a rabble. Figuratively, it can refer to a riot.
^F “gathered” = erchomai. Related to “went out” in v13. See note A above.
^G “taught” = didasko. From dao (learn). This is to teach, direct, instruct, or impart knowledge. In the New Testament, this is almost always used for teaching scripture.

^H “walking along” = parago. 11x in NT. From para (by, beside, in the presence of, alongside) + ago (to lead, bring, carry, guide, go, drive). This is to lead near or by, to pass by, go along, be a passer-by.
^I “saw” = horao. To see, perceive, attend to, look upon, experience. Properly, to stare at and so implying clear discernment. This, by extension, would indicate attending to what was seen and learned. This is to see, often with a metaphorical sense. Can include inward spiritual seeing.
^J “Levi” = Leuis. 3x in NT. From the same as Leui (Levi, the tribe or a name); from Hebrew Levi (Levi, or the tribe of Levi); perhaps from lavah (to join, twine, unite, remain, borrow, lend). This is Levi.

^K “Alphaeus” = Alphaios. 5x in NT. From Hebrew halap (to exchange, renew, traverse). This is Alphaeus, which shares a root with Clopas. It means “traverse” or “exchange.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Alphaeus.html#.Xqfc48hKhPY
^L “sitting” = kathemai. From kata (down, against, throughout, among) + hemai (to sit). This is to sit, be enthroned, or reside.
^M “tax collection station” = telonion. 3x in NT. From telones (tax collector, one who worked for the Romans taking taxes from Jews; also the toll house; literally, “paying at the end”); {from telos (an end, aim, purpose, completion, end goal, consummation, tax; going through the steps to complete a stage or phase and then moving on to the next one)} + oneomai (to buy); {from onos (a price or sum)}. This is a tax booth, toll house.

^N “said” = lego. This is to speak, say, name, call, command. It is generally to convey verbally.
^O “follow” = akoloutheo. From a (with, fellowship, union) + keleuthos (road, way). This is to accompany or follow someone, especially the way a disciple does.
^P “got up” = anistemi. From ana (upwards, up, again, back, anew) + histemi (to make to stand, place, set up, establish, appoint, stand by, stand still, stand ready, stand firm, be steadfast). This is to raise up, rise, appear. It is to stand up literally or figuratively. Can also mean to resurrect.

^Q {untranslated} = ginomai. This is to come into being, to happen, become, be born. It can be to emerge from one state or condition to another or is coming into being with the sense of movement or growth.
^R “sat” = katakeimai. 12x in NT. From kata (down, against, throughout, among) + keimai (to lie, recline, be placed, lie outstretched, be appointed). This is to lie down, whether for a meal or as one sick in bed.
^S “Levi’s” = autos. Literally, “his.”
^T “house” = oikia. From oikos (house – the building, the household, the family, descendants; the temple). This is a house, household, goods, property, family, or means.

^U “many” = polus. This is much, often, plenteous – a large number or a great extent.
^V “tax collectors” = telones. Related to “tax collection station” in v14. See note M above.
^W “sinners” = hamartolos. From hamartano (to miss the mark, do wrong, make a mistake, sin); {from a (not) + meros (a part or share)}. This is sinning, sinful, sinner. It referred to missing the mark or falling short. The term was also used in archery for missing the target.

^X “sitting with” = sunanakeimai. Related to “sat” in v15. 7x in NT. From sun (with, together with) + anakeimai (to recline, particularly as one does for dinner; also reclining as a corpse); {from ana (up, again, back, among, between, anew) + keimai (see note R above)}. This is to dine, recline at a table with someone else, a dinner guest, the table itself.
^Y “Jesus” = Iesous. From Hebrew Yehoshua (Joshua, the Lord is salvation); {from YHVH (proper name of the God of Israel; the self-existent and eternal one); {from havah (to become) or from hayah (to come to pass, become, be)} + yasha (to deliver, defend, help, preserve, rescue; properly, to be open, wide or free, which implies being safe. So, in a causative sense, this is to free someone)}. This is Jesus or Joshua in Greek – the Lord saves or the Lord is salvation.
^Z “disciples” = mathetes. From matheteuo (to make a disciple of); from manthano (to learn key facts, gain knowledge from experience; generally implies reflection as part of the learning process); from math– (thinking things through). This is a disciple, learner, or student. It is where we get “mathematics” from.
^AA “were” = eimi. This is to be, exist.

^BB “scribes” = grammateus. From gramma (what is drawn or written so a letter of the alphabet, correspondence, literature, learning); from grapho (to write). This is a writer, scribe, or secretary. Within Judaism, it was someone learned in the Law, a teacher. Also used in the Bible of the town-clerk of Ephesus. See Sirach 38:24-39:11 for a lengthier, positive passage about who scribes were and what they meant in society.
^CC “Pharisees” = Pharisaios. From Aramaic peras (to divide, separate) and from Hebrew parash (to make distinct, separate, scatter). This is a Pharisee, a member of a Jewish sect active in the 1^st century. Their name meant separate in the sense of wanting to live a life separated from sin. Whereas the Sadducees were part of the priestly line and inherited their religious position and responsibilities, Pharisees were regular people who studied the scriptures and offered guidance to regular folk. Sadducees were often wealthier and willing to sacrifice their identity to rub elbows with Roman society. Pharisees were often more concerned with what it meant to follow God without compromising what made them different as followers of God. Sadducees primarily believed in that which was written down (the first five books of the Bible) and Pharisees believed in the Bible and the traditions of the elders. Pharisees had a very wide range of interpretations and diversity of opinion. Their standard mode of religious engagement was lively debate with one another. To argue religion with another teacher was to recognize that they had something of value to offer.
^DD “eating” = esthio. This is to eat or figuratively to devour or consume like rust.
^EE “said” = eiron. This is to speak say, answer, command.

^FF “heard” = akouo. This is hear or listen, but it also means to understand by hearing. This is where the word “acoustics” comes from.
^GG “said” = lego. Same as “said” in v14. See note N above.
^HH “are well” = ischuo. Related to “crowd” in v13 & “have” in v17. From ischus (strength, might, power, force, ability; power that engages immediate resistance); {perhaps from is (force) + echo (see note E above)}. This is to be strong or have power. It can also refer to being healthy and vigorous. Further, it can mean to prevail. It is strength in action against resistance, exercising force in a literal or figurative sense.
^II “have” = echo. Related to “crowd” in v13. See note E above.

^JJ “need” = chreia. From chraomai (to use, make use of, give what is needed, act in a specific way, request); related to chre (what is proper, fitting, or necessary). This is the is task, business, or affair. It can also be need, want, or destitution.
^KK “physician” = iatros. 7x in NT. From iaomai (to heal, particularly from a physical illness, or a spiritual difficulty; to cure or make whole in a literal or figurative sense). This is healer i.e. physician.
^LL “are” = echo. Same as “have” in v17. See note II above.
^MM “sick” = kakos. 16x in NT. From kakos (bad, evil, harm, ill; evil that is part of someone’s core character – intrinsic, rotted, worthless, depraved, causing harm; deep inner malice that comes from a rotten character; can be contrasted with the Greek poneros, which is that which bears pain – a focus on the miseries and pains that come with evil; also contrasting the Greek sapros, which deals with falling away from a previously embodied virtue). This is wrongly, badly, cruelly, with bad motives, misery connected to affliction. It can be physically badly or morally badly, i.e. evilly.

^NN “come” = erchomai. Same as “gathered” in v13. See note F above.
^OO “call” = kaleo. Related to keleuo (to command, order, direct); from kelomai (to urge on). This is to call by name, invite, to name, bid, summon, call aloud.
^PP “righteous” = dikaios. From dike (the principle of justice; that which is right in a way that is very clear; a decision or the execution of that decision; originally, this word was for custom or usage; evolved to include the process of law, judicial hearing, execution of sentence, penalty, and even vengeance; more commonly, it refers to what is right); may be from deiknumi (to show, point out, exhibit; figurative for teach, demonstrate, make known). This is correct, righteous, just, or a righteous person. It implies innocent or conforming to God’s standard of justice.

^QQ “John’s” = Ioannes. Related to “Jesus” in v15. From Hebrew yochanan (Johanan); from Yehochanan (“the Lord has been gracious”); {from YHVH (see note Y above)} + chanan (beseech, show favor, be gracious; properly, to bend in kindness to someone with less status). This is John, meaning “the Lord has been gracious.”
^RR “fasting” = nesteuo. Related to “eating” in v16. From a (not, without) + esthio (see note DD above). This is to fast, not eat food, to make a religious fast.
^SS “said” = lego. Same as “said” in v14. See note N above.

^TT “said” = eiron. Same as “said” in v16. See note EE above.
^UU “wedding” = numphon. 3x in NT. From numphe (bride, daughter-in-law, young wife, or young woman); perhaps from nupto (to put on a veil as a bride does – in Latin nupto means simple to marry). This is the bridal chamber, groom, or place a wedding takes place.
^VV “attendants” = huios. This is son, descendant – a son whether natural born or adopted. It can be used figuratively for other forms of kinship.
^WW “cannot” = me + dunamai. Dunamai is to be able, or something that is possible. It can also be empowered or being powerful. The Greek word for “miracle” (dunamis) comes from this root.

^XX “bridegroom” = numphios. Related to “wedding” in v19. 16x in NT. From numphe (see note UU above). This is bridegroom in a literal or figurative sense.
^YY “long” = chronos. Time in the chronological sense, quantitative time or a duration of time.
^ZZ “days” = hemera. Related to “sitting” in v14. Perhaps from hemai (see note L above). This is day, time, or daybreak.
^AAA “taken away” = apairo. 3x in NT. From apo (from, away from) + airo (raise, take up, lift, remove). This is to lift off, remove, withdraw.

^BBB “sews” = epirapto. 1x in NT. From epi (on, upon, against, what is fitting) + the same as rhaphis (a needle, whether for sewing cloth or for surgery); {from rhapto (to sew)}. This is to sew or attach using a needle.
^CCC “piece” = epiblema. 4x in NT. From epiballo (to place on, fall, lay, throw over, think about, waves crashing, emotions emerging); {from epi (on, upon, among, what is fitting) + ballo (to throw, cast, place, put, drop)}. This is a patch or piece.
^DDD “unshrunk” = agnaphos. 2x in NT. From a (not, without) + gnapheus (launderer, cleaner of cloth, fuller); {from knapto (to card wool)} This is carded i.e. new cloth made of wool.
^EEE “cloth” = rhakos. 2x in NT. Perhaps from rhegnumi (to break, burst, wreak, crack, break apart). This is a rag or bit of cloth that has been torn off.

^FFF “old” = palaios. Related to “again” in v13. 19x in NT. From palai (former, of old); probably from palin (see note B above). This is old, ancient, or worn out.
^GGG “cloak” = himation. From heima (garment) OR from ennumi (to put on). This is the outer garment, cloak, robe, or mantle. It is worn loosely over a tunic.
^HHH “patch” = pleroma. 18x in NT. From pleroo (to fill, make full or complete; properly, filling something up to the maximum extent or induvial capacity; used figuratively for furnish, influence, satisfy, finish, preach, perfect, and fulfill); from pleres (to be full, complete, abounding in, occupied with). This is fullness, supply, completion, superabundance, or multitude.
^III “pulls away” = airo. Related to “taken away” in v20. See note AAA above.

^JJJ “new” = kainos. This is not new as in new versus old. This is new in the sense of novel, innovative, or fresh.
^KKK “worse” = cheiron. Related to “sick” in v17. 11x in NT. A comparative of kakos (see note MM above). This is worse, more evil in a physical, mental, or moral sense.
^LLL “tear” = schisma. 8x in NT. From schizo (to split, divide, tear, sever; split in a literal or figurative sense). This is a split or a tear. Figuratively, it can refer to a schism, division, or dissension. This is where the word “schism” comes from and also “schizophrenia” (literally “split mind”).
^MMM “made” = ginomai. Same as {untranslated} in v15. See note Q above.

^NNN “puts” = ballo. Related to “piece” in v21. See note CCC above.
^OOO “new” = neos. This is young, new, fresh, or youthful. This is brand new as opposed to novel (which is kainos in Greek).
^PPP “wine” = oinos. Perhaps from Hebrew yayin (wine; root means to effervesce). This is wine. It is where the word “oenophile” comes from.
^QQQ “wineskins” = askos. 12x in NT. Perhaps from the same as askeo (to exercise, train, strive); probably from the same as skeuos (tool, container, property, goods). This is leather, wineskin, a leather bag for a bottle.

^RRR “burst” = rhegnumi. 7x in NT. This is to break, burst, wreak, crack, break apart. Figuratively, it can be bursting into speech or song or happy emotion. It can also refer to breaking out in spasms.
^SSS “skins” = askos. Same as “wineskins” in v22. See note QQQ above.
^TTT “is lost” = apollumi. From apo (from, away from) + ollumi (to destroy or ruin; the loss that comes from a major ruination). This is to destroy, cut off, to perish – perhaps violently. It can also mean to cancel or remove.
^UUU “new” = neos. Same as “new” in v22. See note OOO above.
^VVV “fresh” = kainos. Same as “new” in v21. See note JJJ above.