Matthew 2

^A “time” = hemera. This is literally day.
^B “king” = basileus. Probably from basis (step, hence foot; a pace); from baino (to walk, to go). This is king, emperor, or sovereign.
^C “Herod” = herodes. Perhaps from heros (hero, warrior) + oide (song, ode, legend, tale) [from aoide (song, ode, legent, tale) {from aeido (to sing) + e (this is added to verbs to make them nouns)}] OR from hera (Hera) + oide (same as above). This is Herod, perhaps “hero’s song,” “Hera’s song,” or “heroic.” See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Herod

^D “Jesus” = iesous. From Hebrew Yehoshua (Joshua, the Lord is salvation); {from YHVH (proper name of the God of Israel; the self-existent and eternal one); {from havah (to become) or from hayah (to come to pass, become, be)} + yasha (to deliver, defend, help, preserve, rescue; properly, to be open, wide or free, which implies being safe. So, in a causative sense, this is to free someone). This is Jesus or Joshua in Greek – the Lord saves or the Lord is salvation.
^E “born” = gennao. From genna (descent, birth); from genos (family, offspring, kin – in a literal or figurative sense); from ginomai (to come into being, to happen, become, be born; to emerge from one state or condition to another; this is coming into being with the sense of movement or growth). This is to beget, give birth to, or bring forth. Properly, it refers to procreation by the father, but was used of the mother by extension. Figuratively, this can mean to regenerate.
^F “Bethlehem” = bethleem. 8x in NT. From beth lechem (Bethlehem); {from bayit (house, court, family, palace, temple); {probably from banah (to build, make, set up, obtain children; to build literally or figuratively)} + lechem (bread, food, loaf; food for people or for animals); {from lacham (to eat, feed on; figuratively, to battle as a kind of consumption/destruction)}. This is Bethlehem, meaning “house of bread.”
^G “Judea” = ioudaia. From Hebrew Yehudah (Judah, son of Jacob, his tribal descendants, a name for the southern kingdom. Literally, it means praised); probably from yadah (to throw one’s hands into the air in a gesture of praise); from yad (hand). This is Judea, which was a Roman province.
^H {untranslated} = idou. From eido (to be aware, see, know, remember, appreciate). This is see! Lo! Behold! Look! Used to express surprise and or draw attention to the statement.

^I “wise men” = magos. 6x in NT. Perhaps related to Old Persian mayu; related to Proto-Indo-European meh-g (“to be able to, to help; power, sorcerer”). This is magi, magician, or astrologer. See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82
^J “East” = anatole. 11x in NT. From anatello (rise, shine, or dawn; most often used of the sun; figuratively, achieving a goal or reaching consummation after completing the needed steps); {from ana (up, again, back, anew) + tello (to cause to arise); {from telos (an end, aim, purpose, completion, end goal, consummation, tax)}. This is rising, as in the place where the sun rises. So, it refers to the east.
^K “Jerusalem” = hierosoluma. From Hebrew yerushalaim (probably foundation of peace); {from yarah (to throw, shoot, be stunned; to flow as water so figuratively to instruct or teach) + shalem (to make amends, to be complete or sound)}. This is Jerusalem, dwelling of peace.

^L “born” = tikto. 18x in NT. This is used of creating new life whether as a mother or a plant or the earth as a whole. It can be rendered bright forth, bear, give birth, labor, produce, or yield. It can also refers to the pains of childbirth.
^M “Jews” = ioudaios. Related to “Judea” in v1. From ioudas (Judah, Judas); from Hebrew yehudah (see note G above). This is Jewish, a Jew, or Judea.
^N “observed” = horao. To see, perceive, attend to, look upon, experience. Properly, to stare at and so implying clear discernment. This, by extension, would indicate attending to what was seen and learned. This is to see, often with a metaphorical sense. Can include inward spiritual seeing.
^O “star” = aster. Perhaps from stronnumi (to spread, furnish, strew). This is a star in a literal or figurative sense.
^P “rising” = anatole. Same as “East” n v1. See note J above.
^Q “pay…homage” = proskuneo. From pros (advantageous for, at, to, toward, with) + kuneo (to kiss); {may be related to kuno (dog)}. This is to do reverence, kneel, to prostrate oneself in homage, to worship.

^R “heard” = akouo. This is hear or listen, but it also means to understand by hearing. This is where the word “acoustics” comes from.
^S “frightened” = tarasso. 18x in NT. This is trouble, agitate, stir up. It is motion back and forth, creating inner turmoil or confusion, roiling water.
^T “calling together” = sunago. From sun (with, together with, closely associated) + ago (to lead, bring, carry, guide, go, drive). This is to lead together and so to assemble, bring together, welcome with hospitality, or entertain. In the sense of assembly, this is the root of the word “synagogue.”

^U “chief priests” = archiereus. From archo (to rule, begin, have first rank or have political power) + hiereus (a priest literal or figurative – of any faith); {from hieros (sacred, something sacred, temple, holy, set apart; something consecrated to God or a god)} This is a high or chief priest.
^V “scribes” = grammateus. From gramma (what is drawn or written so a letter of the alphabet, correspondence, literature, learning); from grapho (to write). This is a writer, scribe, or secretary. Within Judaism, it was someone learned in the Law, a teacher. Also used in the Bible of the town-clerk of Ephesus. See Sirach 38:24-39:11 for a lengthier, positive passage about who scribes were and what they meant in society.
^W “people” = laos. This is the people or crowd – often used for the chosen people. This is where the word “laity” comes from.
^X “inquired” = punthanomai. 12x in NT. This is to ask in order to learn. It is not to ask a favor (erotao in Greek), to demand something felt to be owed (aiteo), to search for a hidden thing (zeteo), or to ask for urgent help (deomai). This is to figure something out through questions.
^Y “Messiah” = christos. From chrio (consecrate by anointing with oil; often done for prophets, priests, or kings). Literally, the anointed one, Christ. The Greek word for Messiah.

^Z “written” = grapho. Related to “scribes” in v4. See note V above.
^AA “prophet” = prophetes. From pro (before, in front of, earlier than) + phemi (to declare, say, use contrasts in speaking to shed light on one point of view); {from phao (to shine) or phaino (to bring light, cause to appear, shine, become visible or clear)}. This is a prophet or poet – one who speaks with inspiration from God.
^BB “Judah” = iouda. Related to “Judea” in v1 & “Jews” in v2. 8x in NT. From the same as ioudas (see note M above). This is Judah, Judas, or Jude, meaning “praised.”
^CC “least” = elachistos. 13x in NT. From elachus (short); used as a superlative for mikros (small). This is smallest or littlest in the sense of size, amount, rank, dignity, and so on.
^DD “rulers” = hegemon. Related to “calling together” in v4. From hegeaomai (to think, suppose, have an opinion; to lead the way, what comes in front or first, initial thought, high esteem or authority; one who commands in an official capacity); from ago (see note T above). This is a leader in general, but also specifically a governor or commander. This is where “hegemony” comes from.

^EE “ruler” = hegeomai. Related to “rulers” in v6. See note DD above.
^FF “shepherd” = poimaino. 11x in NT. From poimen (shepherd in a literal or figurative sense – one who feeds, protects, rules). This is to tend, care for, shepherd. It focuses on tending, guiding, and protecting rather than feeding. Figuratively, it can mean to govern.
^GG “Israel” = israel. From Hebrew Yisrael (God strives or one who strives with God; new name for Jacob and for his offspring); {from sarah (to persist, exert oneself, contend, persevere, wrestle, prevail) + el (God or god)}. This is Israel the people and the land.

^HH “secretly” = lathra. 4x in NT. From lanthano (concealed, hidden, unnoticed; to shut one’s eyes to, unwittingly, unawares). This is secretly or privately.
^II “called” = kaleo. Related to keleuo (to command, order, direct); from kelomai (to urge on). This is to call by name, invite, to name, bid, summon, call aloud.
^JJ “learned…exact” = akriboo. 2x in NT. From the same as akribestatos (exact, precise); from the same as akron (end, tip, top, extreme); from the same as akantha (thorn); from ake (edge, point). This is to examine thoroughly, inquire diligently, be precise.
^KK “time” = chronos. Time in the chronological sense, quantitative time or a duration of time.
^LL “appeared” = phaino. Related to “prophet” in v6. See note AA above.

^MM “sent” = pempo. This is to send, put forth, or dispatch. This often refers to a temporary errand. It is sending someone with a focus on the place they departed from. By contrast, another Greek word, hiemi, emphasizes the destination and yet another word, stello, focuses on the motion that goes with the sending.
^NN “go” = poreuomai. From poros (ford, passageway). This is to go, travel, journey, or die. It refers to transporting things from one place to another and focuses on the personal significance of the destination.
^OO “search” = exetazo. 3x in NT. From ek (from, from out of) + etazo (examine). This is to inquire, examine thoroughly, meticulously. It can also be ascertain or interrogate.
^PP “diligently” = akribos. Related to “learned…exact” in v7. 9x in NT. From akriboo (see note JJ above). This is carefully, strictly, diligently, with great accuracy. This is investigated to the finest point and so precise.
^QQ “child” = paidion. From pais (child, youth, servant, slave); perhaps from paio (to strike or sting). This is a child as one who is still being educated or trained. Perhaps one seven years old or younger. Used figuratively for an immature Christian.
^RR “found” = heurisko. This is to find, learn, or obtain. It is to discover something, which generally implies a period of searching for it. This is to find in a literal or figurative sense. This is where the word “heuristic” comes from.
^SS “bring…word” = apaggello. Related to “calling together” in v4 & “rulers” in v6. From apo (from, away from) + aggello (to announce, report); {from aggelos (angel, messenger); probably from ago (see note T above)}. This is to report, declare, bring word. It is an announcement that emphasizes the source.

^TT “ahead” = proago. Related to “calling together” in v4 & “rulers” and “ruler” in v6. From pro (before, first, in front of, earlier) + ago (see note T above). This is to lead, go before, bring forward, walk ahead. It can be before in location or in time.
^UU “stopped” = histemi. This is to stand, place, establish, appoint, stand ready, be steadfast.
^VV “overwhelmed with joy” = chairo + chara + megas + sphodra. Literally “rejoiced with great joy exceedingly.” Chairo is from the root char- (leaning towards). It is to rejoice, be glad or cheerful. It can also be used to say goodbye. Chara is from chairo (see above). This is joy, delight, gladness. Can be understood as the feeling you get when you are aware of grace. Sphodra is 11x in NT. From sphodros (exceeding, excessive, violent). This can be exceedingly, greatly, extremely – going all out.

^WW “house” = oikia. From oikos (house – the building, the household, the family, descendants; the temple). This is a house, household, goods, property, family, or means.
^XX “Mary” = maria. From Hebrew Miryam (Aaron and Moses’s sister); from marah (to be contentious, rebellious, bitter, provoking, disobedient; to be or make bitter or unpleasant; figuratively, to rebel or resist; causatively to provoke). This is Miriam or Mary.
^YY “treasure chests” = thesaurus. 17x in NT. From tithemi (to place, lay, set, establish). This is treasure, storehouse, deposit. It can be used figuratively for treasured thoughts.
^ZZ “offered” = prosphero. From pros (at, to, with, towards, advantageous for) + phero (to bear, bring, lead, make known publicly; to carry in a literal or figurative sense). This is to offer gifts or sacrifices, to bring up.
^AAA “gifts” = doron. 19x in NT. From didomi (to give in a literal or figurative sense). This is gift, offering, sacrifice; emphasizes that the gift is given freely, voluntarily

^BBB “gold” = chrusos. 10x in NT. Perhaps from chraomai (to use, make use of, give what is needed, act in a specific way, request). This is gold or something made of gold. It is symbolic of purchasing power.
^CCC “frankincense” = libanos. 2x in NT. 2x in NT – here and in describing the goods of the merchants in the fall of Babylon (Rev 18:13). From a Semitic language. The Hebrew equivalent is lebonah (frankincense, incense); from laben (to be or make white, to purify). This is frankincense or the tree from which it comes. Root means white to refer to the whiteness of the frankincense itself or its smoke.
^DDD “myrrh” = smurna. 2x in NT– here and one of the spices for the burial of Jesus (Jn 19:39). Perhaps from muron (ointment, anointing oil, perfume); probably of foreign origin – e.g. Abrabic murr (myrrh; literally bitterness) and Hebrew mor (myrrh; literally bitterness). This is myrrh: an ointment and used for embalming. Can be symbolic for romantic desire. See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/myrrh.
^EEE “warned” = chrematizo. Related to “gold” in v11. 9x in NT. From chrema (something one uses or needs; money, possessions, wealth); from chraomai (see note BBB above). This is to conduct business, instruct, warn, reveal, to utter an oracle, be warned by God.
^FFF “dream” = onar. 6x in NT. This is a dream while asleep and not day dreaming. Dreamers include: Joseph husband of Mary, wise men, and Pilate’s wife.
^GGG “road” = hodos. This is way, road, path, or journey. It can imply progress along a route.

^HHH {untranslated} = idou. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note H above.
^III “angel” = aggelos. Related to “calling together” in v4 & “rulers” and “ruler” in v6 & “ahead” inv 9. Probably from ago (see note T above). This is angel or messenger. Properly, it is one sent with news or to perform a specific task. This messenger can be human or an angel from heaven. More commonly, it is used for angels in the New Testament.
^JJJ “Lord” = kurios. From kuros (authority, supremacy). This is a respectful address meaning master or sir. It refers to one who has control or power greater than one’s own. So, it was also applied to God and Jesus as Master or Lord.
^KKK “Joseph” = ioseph. From Hebrew Yoseph (he increases; Joseph); from yasaph (to add, increase, continue, exceed). This is Joseph, meaning “he increases.”

^LLL “get up” = egeiro. This is to awake, raise up or lift up. It can be to get up from sitting or lying down, to get up from sleeping, to rise from a disease or from death. Figuratively, it can be rising from inactivity or from ruins.
^MMM “Egypt” = aiguptos. From Egyptian ḥwt-kꜣ-ptḥ (Egypt; literally “the temple of the ka of Ptah in Memphis, Egypt”); from ḥwt (hut, large structure, palace, temple, estate) + ka (“a spiritual part of the soul in Egyptian mythology, which survived after death”; “something like ‘life-force’; the part of the soul which the living have and the dead do not…goodwill – especially of the king) + ptah (“a god of creativity and craftsmen, sometimes also identified with gods of death and the birth of the sun”; “Ptah, creator god and patron of craftsmen, worshipped at Memphis”). This is Egypt, meaning “the temple of the ka of Ptah.” See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Egypt
^NNN “is about to” = mello. Perhaps from melo (something that one is worried or concerned about, something one pays attention to or thinks about). Properly, this is ready, about to happen, to intend, delay, or linger. This is just on the point of acting.
^OOO “search” = zeteo. This is to seek, search for, desire. It is searching for something by inquiring or investigation. It can be seek in a literal or figurative sense. There is a Hebrew figure of speech “to seek God’s face” so it can also mean to worship God. Alternately, you could seek someone’s life i.e. plot to kill them.
^PPP “destroy” = apollumi. From apo (from, away from) + ollumi (to destroy or ruin; the loss that comes from a major ruination). This is to destroy, cut off, to perish – perhaps violently. It can also mean to cancel or remove.
^QQQ “death” = teleute. 1x in NT. From teleutao (to complete or come to the end/end goal; to finish life or to meet one’s ultimate fate in heaven or hell); from teleo (to complete, fulfill, accomplish, end); from telos (an end, aim, purpose, completion, end goal, consummation, tax; going through the steps to complete a stage or phase and then moving on to the next one). This is end, finishing, consummation; can also be used for death.
^RRR “fulfill” = pleroo. From pleres (to be full, complete, abounding in, occupied with). This is to fill, make full or complete. Properly, this is filling something up to the maximum extent that it can be filled – an appropriate amount for its individual capacity. So, this is used figuratively for furnish, influence, satisfy, finish, preach, perfect, and fulfill.

^SSS “tricked” = empaizo. Related to “child” in v13. 13x in NT – 11x of Jesus’s crucifixion. From en (in, on, at, by, with) + paizo (to play like a child does, sing, dance); {from pais (see note QQ above)}. This is to mock, scoff, ridicule, or trick.
^TTT “infuriated” = thumoo + lian. Thumoo is 1x in NT. From thumos (passion like when one breathes hard – actions driven by strong emotions; rage, wrath, venting anger); from the same as thuella (whirlwind, storm); from thuo (breathing hard, blowing hard, smoke; smoke implies animal sacrifice, which implies slaughter for any reason; with violent breathing, this can imply raging or seething). This is being very angry or enraged. Lian is 12x in NT. It means very much, greatly, or vigorously.
^UUU “sent” = apostello. From apo (from, away from) + stello (to send, set, arrange, prepare, gather up); {probably from histemi (to make to stand, stand, place, set up, establish, appoint, stand firm, be steadfast)}. This is to send forth, send away, dismiss, send as a messenger. It implies one that is sent for a particular mission or purpose rather than a quick errand. This is where “apostle” comes from.
^VVV “killed” = anaireo. From ana (up, back, among, again, anew) + haireo (to take, choose, or prefer) {probably related to airo (raise, take up, lift, remove)}. This is to take up or away, which implies taking with violence. So, this is used for murdering, executing, and slaying.
^WWW “children” = paida. Related to “child” in v13 & “tricked” in v16. Perhaps from paio (see note QQ above). This is child, youth, servant, slave.
^XXX “learned” = akriboo. Same as “learned…exact” in v7. See note above.

^YYY “Jeremiah” = ieremias. 3x in NT. From Hebrew yirmeyah (Jeremiah, “the Lord loosens” or “the Lord will rise”); {from the same as remiyya (slack, idle, lazy, negligent) + Yah (a shortened form of the name of the God of Israel; God, Lord); {from YHVH (proper name of the God of Israel; God, Lord; the self-existent or eternal one); from havah (to become) or hayah (to be, become, happen)}}. This is Jeremiah.
^ZZZ “voice” = phone. Perhaps related to “prophet” in v5. Probably from phemi (see note AA above). This is a voice, sound, tone or noise. It can also be a language or dialect.
^AAAA “Ramah” = rhama. 1x in NT. From Hebrew ramah (Ramah, meaning “height”); from the same as ramah (height, high place; place of idolatry); from rum (to be high, rise, exalt self, extol, be haughty; to rise literally or figuratively). This is Ramah, meaning “height.”
^BBBB “wailing” = klauthmos. 9x in NT. From klaio (to weep, lament, or sob; weeping aloud). This is weeping, lamentation, shrieks, intense pain.
^CCCC “lamentation” = odurmos. 2x in NT. From oduromai (to lament) OR from the base of duno (to enter, sink into; can also be set like the sun); {from duo (to sink)}. This is lamentation, mourning, sorrow. It is grieving with physical signs like tears and moaning.

^DDDD “Rachel” = rhachel. 1x in NT. From Hebrew rachel (Rachel); from the same as rachel (a ewe or sheep; root might mean to journey). This is Rachel, meaning lamb.
^EEEE “weeping” = klaio. Related to “wailing” in v18. See note BBBB above.
^FFFF “children” = teknon. Related to “born” in v2. From tikto (see note L above). This is a child, descendant, or inhabitant.
^GGGG “refused” = ou + thelo. Literally “not willing.” Thelo is to wish, desire, will, or intend. It is to choose or prefer in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean inclined toward or take delight in. It can have a sense of being ready to act on the impulse in question.
^HHHH “consoled” = parakaleo. Related to “called” in v7. From para (beside, by, in the presence of) + kaleo (see note II above). This is to call to, summon, invite, request, or beg. It can also be exhort or admonish. Also, this can be encourage, comfort, or console. This word has legal overtones and is used of one’s advocate in a courtroom. It is the root of the name of the Holy Spirit “paraclete” is our advocate and comforter.

^IIII “died” = teleutao. Related to “death” in v15. 13x in NT. See note QQQ above.
^JJJJ “suddenly” = idou. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note H above.
^KKKK “life” = psuche. From psucho (to breathe, blow). This is breath, the breath of life, the self, individual, soul. This is the word for that which makes a person unique – their identity, will, personality, affections. This isn’t the soul as the immortal part of us, but as our individuality. It is also not life as a general concept, but specific to people. This is where the words psyche and psychology come from.
^LLLL “dead” = thnesko. 9x in NT. This is to die or be dead in a spiritual or literal sense.

^MMMM “Archelaus” = archelaos. Related to “chief priests” and “people” in v4. 1x in NT. From archo (see note U above) + laos (see note W above). This is Archelaus, meaning “people-ruling.”
^NNNN “ruling over” = basileuo. From basileus (king, emperor, sovereign); probably from basis (step, hence foot; a pace); from baino (to walk, to go). This is to reign as king, to rule in a literal or figurative sense.
^OOOO “was afraid” = phobeo. From phobos (panic flight, fear, fear being caused, terror, alarm, that which causes fear, reverence, respect); from phebomai (to flee, withdraw, be put to flight). This is also to put to flight, terrify, frighten, dread, reverence, to withdraw or avoid. It is sometimes used in a positive sense to mean the fear of the Lord, echoing Old Testament language. More commonly, it is fear of following God’s path. This is where the word phobia comes from.
^PPPP “Galilee” = galilaia. From Hebrew galil (cylinder, circuit, district); from galal (to roll in a literal or figurative sense, roll away, roll down, wallow, remove, trust). This is Galilee, meaning perhaps region or cylinder.

^QQQQ “made his home” = katoikeo. From kata (down, against, throughout, among) + oikeo (to stele or be established somewhere in a permanent way, to make a home or live at home);{from oikos (house – the building, the household, the family, descendants; the temple)}. This is to live or settle on a permanent basis.
^RRRR “town” = polis. This is a city or its inhabitants. It is a town of variable size, but one that has walls. This is where “metropolis” and “police” come from.
^SSSS “Nazareth” = nazareth. 12x in NT. Perhaps from netser (branch) OR from natsar (to watch, guard, protect). This is Nazareth, meaning perhaps branch or protected. It is a city in Galilee. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazareth
^TTTT “Nazorean” = nazoraios. 13x in NT. Probably from nazara (Nazareth, city in Galilee, meaning “branch” or “protected); perhaps from Hebrew netser (see note SSSS above). This is Nazarene.