Numbers 2

^I “Lord” = YHVH. From havah (to be, become) or hayah (to come to pass, become, be). This is the name of the God of Israel, the self-existent and eternal one, the tetragrammaton. This pronunciation has been lost to time so “Lord” is generally used in its place.
^II “spoke” = dabar. This is generally to speak, answer, declare, or command. It might mean to arrange and so to speak in a figurative sense as arranging words.
^III “Moses” = Mosheh. From mashah (to pull out in a literal or figurative sense, to draw out) OR from Egyptian mes or mesu (child, son i.e. child of…). This is Moses – the one drawn out from the water, which is to say, rescued. If derived from the Egyptian, his name would share a root with Rameses and Thutmose.
^IV “Aaron” = Aharon. Derivation uncertain. May mean “bearer of martyrs” OR be related to Ancient Egyptian ꜥḥꜣ rw (warrior lion) OR elevated, exalted, high mountain. This is Aaron. See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Aaron

^V “Israelites” = ben + Yisrael. Ben is related to “houses” in v2. From banah (see note XI below). This is son, age, child. It is son in a literal or figurative sense. Yisrael is from sarah (to persist, exert oneself, contend, persevere, wrestle, prevail) + el (God or god). This is Israel, meaning God strives or one who strives with God; new name for Jacob and for his offspring. This refers to the people and to the land.
^VI “camp” = chanah. This is decline, bending down, or living in tents. It can be camping to create a home or camping as a part of battle.
^VII “each” = ish. Perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail). This is man, husband, another, or humankind.

^VIII “regiments” = degel. 14x in OT– all Numbers except 1x in Song of Songs. From dagal (to look, behold, or flaunt; to raise a flag or, figuratively, to be chief-most or very noticeable). This is a standard or flag.
^IX “ensigns” = oth. From avah (to mark, sign, point out); OR from uth (to agree). This is a sign in a literal or figurative sense. It could be a flag or monument. It could be evidence or a mark. It could also be an omen or a miracle. 
^X “ancestral” = ab. This is father, chief, or ancestor. It is father in a literal or figurative sense.
^XI “houses” = bayit. Probably from banah (to build, make, set up, obtain children; to build literally or figuratively). This is house, court, family, palace, temple.

^XII “tent” = ohel. Perhaps from ahal (to shine, be clear). This is a tent, covering, home, or side pillar.
^XIII “meeting” = moed. From yaad (to appoint, assemble or gather selves, agree). This is a meeting, assembly, fixed time. It can be used for a festival or feast. It can also refer to a meeting place.
^XIV “on” = neged. From nagad (to declare, make conspicuous, stand in front, manifest, predict, explain). This is in front of, opposite to. It can refer to a counterpart or partner, one corresponding to or in the sight of.
^XV “every side” = sabib. From sabab (turning around, going around; to surround, cast, walk, fetch; to revolve or border in a literal or figurative sense). This is a circuit or a circle. It could refer to an environment, one’s neighbors, or a circular path round about.

^XVI “east side” = qedem. Perhaps from qadam (to come in front or be in front; to meet, anticipate, confront, receive, or rise; sometimes to meet for help). This is front, formerly, before, east, eternal, everlasting, antiquity.
^XVII “sunrise” = mizrach. From zarach (to rise, shine, or dawn; can also describe symptoms of leprosy). This is the east as the place where the sun rises. It can also refer to the sunrise itself.
^XVIII “encampment” = machaneh. Related to “camp” in v2. From chanah (see note VI above). This is an encampment, whether of people traveling together or soldiers. So, it can be a camp band, or company as well as an army of soldiers. Also can be used of other groups like animals, angels or stars.
^XIX “Judah” = Yehudah. Probably from yadah (to throw one’s hands into the air in a gesture of praise); from yad (hand). This is Judah, meaning “praised.”
^XX “companies” = tsaba. From tsaba (to wage war, serve, assemble, fight, perform, muster, wait on). This is a large group of persons (used figuratively for a group of things). It implies a campaign literally as with army, war, warfare, battle, company, soldiers. Can also be used figuratively for hardship or for worship.

^XXI “leader” = nasi. From nasa (to lift in a broad sense, literally and figuratively; to carry, take, or arise; to bring forth, advance, accept). This is one lifted up or exalter. So, it could be prince, chief, ruler, captain, king, or vapor.
^XXII “people” = ben. Same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above.
^XXIII “Nahshon” = Nachshon. 10x in OT. From the same as nachash (serpent, snake); from nachash (to divine, interpret omens, learn from experience, observe; to hiss). This is Nahshon, a name meaning “enchanter” or “serpent” or “bronze” or “oracle” or “diviner.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Nahshon.html
^XXIV “son” = ben. Same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above.
^XXV “Amminadab” = Amminadab. 13x in OT. From am (people or nation; a tribe, troops or armies, or figuratively to refer to a flock of animals); {from amam (to darken, hide, associate; creating shadows by huddling together)} + nadib (voluntary and so it implies generous, noble, magnanimous, or a generous person); {from nadab (to offer willingly, volunteer, freely give, be willing)}. This is Amminadab, meaning “my kin is noble” or “people of liberality.”

^XXVI “enrolled” = paqad. This is to attend to or visit – can be used for a friendly or violent encounter. So, it can be to oversee, care for, avenge, or charge.
^XXVII “seventy” = shibim. From sheba (seven – the number of perfection/sacred fullness). This is seventy.
^XXVIII “four” = arba. From raba (to make square or be four-sided). This is four.
^XXIX “thousand” = eleph. Perhaps from the same as eleph (herd, cattle); from alaph (to learn, speak, associate with). This is thousand.
^XXX “six” = shesh. This is six. Figuratively, it can be a surplus since it is one more than the number of fingers on the hand.
^XXXI “hundred” = meah. This is hundred or some number times one hundred (i.e. hundredfold or the base of two hundred, three hundred, etc.).

^XXXII “tribe” = matteh. From natah (to stretch or spread out, extend, bend). This is a staff, rod, branch, or tribe. It could be a rod for discipline or correction. It could be a scepter to indicate authority, a throwing lance, or a walking staff. Figuratively, it could also be something that supports life (like bread).
^XXXIII “Issachar” = Yissaskar. Related to “leader” in v3. Perhaps from nasa (see note XXI above) + sakar (wages, payment, service, salary, worth, reward, or benefit); {from sakar (to hire, reward, earn)} OR ish (man); {perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail} + sakar (see above). This is Issachar, one of Jacob’s children and his tribe. It may mean “there is recompense,” “man of hire,” “he is wages,” or “he will bring a reward.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Issachar.html
^XXXIV “Issacharites” = ben + Yissaskar. Ben is the same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above. Yissaskar is the same as “Issachar” in v5. See note XXXIII above.

^XXXV “Nethanel” = Nethanel. Related to “Israelites” in v2. 14x in OT. From natan (to give, put, set, offer; to give literally or figuratively) + El (see note V above). This is Nethanel, meaning “given of God.”
^XXXVI “Zuar” = Tsuar. 5x in OT. From tsaar (to be brought low, small, little one; figuratively, be insignificant or ignoble). This is Zuar, meaning “little one” or “small.”
^XXXVII “fifty” = chamishshim. From chamesh (five, fifth). This is fifty.
^XXXVIII “Zebulun” = Zebulun. From zabal (to dwell, inclose, reside). This is Zebulun, that tribe, or their territory. It means “habitation.”
^XXXIX “Zebulunites” = ben + Zebulun. Ben is the same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above. Zebulun is the same as “Zebulun” in v7. See note XXXVIII above.

^XL “Eliab” = Eliab. Related to “Israelites” in v2 & “Nethanel” in v5 & “ancestral” in v2. From El (see note V above) + ab (see note X above). This is Eliab, meaning “God is father” or “God of his father.”
^XLI “Helon” = Chelon.5x in OT. Perhaps from chayil (strength, wealth, ability, activity; a soldier or a company of soldiers; goods; a force of people, means, or goods; valor, virtue, or strength); from chul (to be firm, strong, prosperous; to endure). This is Helon, meaning “strong” or “man of anguish.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Helon.html
^XLII “seven” = sheba. Related to “seventy” in v4. See note XXVII above.

^XLIII “total” = kol. From kalal (to complete). This is all or every.
^XLIV “eighty” = shemonim. From the same as shemoneh (eight or eighth; abundance as being more than 7, the number of sacred fullness); perhaps from shamen (to shine, which implies being oily, growing fat); from shaman (to grow fat, shine, be oily). This is eighty.
^XLV “set out” = nasa. This is properly pulling up as when one pulls up tent pegs or stakes. This would imply striking tents in order to start a journey. So this could be bring, pullout, set out, journey, or cause to go away.
^XLVI “first” = rishon. From rishah (beginning or early time); from rosh (head, captain, or chief; excellent or the forefront; first in position or in statue or in time). This is first, former, ancestor, beginning, ranked first.

^XLVII “south side” = teman. From the same as yamin (right hand or side; that which is stronger or more agile; the south); {perhaps yamam (to go or choose the right, use the right hand; to be physically fit or firm)}. This is south, towards the south, wind from the south.
^XLVIII “Reuben” = Reuben. Related to “houses” and “Israelites” in v2. From raah (to see, show, stare, think, view; to see in a literal or figurative sense) + ben (see note V above). This is Reuben, meaning “behold a son.”
^XLIX “Reubenites” = ben + Reuben. Ben is the same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above. Reuben is the same as “Reuben”in v10. See note XLVIII above.

^L “Elizur” = Elitsur. Related to “Israelites” in v2 & “Nethanel” in v5 & “Eliab” in v7. 5x in OT. From El (see note V above) + tsur (rock, stone, cliff, boulder, rocky; a refuge, a way to refer to God); {from tsur (to confine, cramp, or bind in a literal or figurative sense; to besiege, assault, or distress)}. This is Elizur, meaning “God of the rock.”
^LI “Shedeur” = Shedeur. 5x in OT. From the same as shad (breast); {probably from shud (waste, devastate); related to shadad (to ruin, assault, devastate, oppress, destroy completely; properly, it is being burly; figuratively it is something that is powerful)} OR from the same as sadeh (literally field, ground, soil, or land; can be wild like a wild animal); {perhaps from the same as Shaddai (perhaps meaning almighty, “my destroyer,” “my protective spirit,” “my rainmaker,” “self-sufficient, “who is abundantly,” or “breasted one” – as the one who abundantly provides or grants fertility/abundance to humans); perhaps from shadad (see above) or shed (protective spirit) or shadah (to moisten)}. This is Shedeur, meaning “spreader of light” or “Shaddai is flame” or “Shaddai is Light” or “field of light” or “destroyer of light” or “breast of fire” or “shedder of fire” or “casting forth fire” or “fire demon.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Shedeur.html & https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Shaddai.html#.Xxi6Ep5KhPY
^LII “forty” = arbaim. Related to “four” in v4. From the same as arba (see note XXVIII above). This is forty.
^LIII “five” = chamesh. Related to “fifty” in v6. See note XXXVII above.

^LIV “Simeon” = Shimon. From shama (to hear, often implying attention and obedience). This is Simeon, Symeon, or Simon. It is a personal name as well as the tribe Simeon. It means “he who hears.”
^LV “Simeonites” = ben + Shimon. Ben is the same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above. Shimon is the same as “Simeon”in v12. See note LIV above.
^LVI “Shelumiel” = Shelumiel. Related to “Israelites” in v2 & “Nethanel” in v5 & “Eliab” in v7 & “Elizur” in v10. 5x in OT. From shalom (completeness, soundness, welfare, favor, friend, good health; to be safe and figuratively well, happy, at peace, friendly; abstractly, includes the ideas of welfare and prosperity – not in excessive wealth, but in having enough); {from shalam (to be complete or sound; to have safety mentally, physically, or extending to one’s estate; so, if these things are safe and complete, the implication is that one would be friendly; and, if being friendly, one would make amends and that friendship would be reciprocated)} + El (see note V above). This is Shelumiel, meaning “peace of God.”

^LVII “Zurishaddai” = Tsurishaddai. Related to “Elizur” in v10 & “Shedeur” in v10. 5x in OT. From tsur (see note L above) + Shaddai (see note LI above). This is Zurishaddai, meaning “my rock is the Almighty” or “rock of the Almighty.”
^{LVII I}“nine” = tesha. Perhaps from sha’ah (to gaze at, gaze around, regard – to look to, especially for help; to consider or be compassionate; to look at in amazement or while confounded). This is nine, perhaps as looking to the next number associated with fullness (10).
^LIX “three” = shalosh. This is three, fork, three times.

^LX “Gad” = Gad. Perhaps from gad (fortune, troop; Gad, the name of a god of Babylon); from gad (fortunate, a troop); from gud (to invade, overcome, attack). This is Gad, one of Jacob’s children, his tribe and the land they settled. It means “fortune” or “fortunate.”
^LXI “Gadites” = ben + Gad. Ben is the same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above. Gad is the same as Gad in v14. See note LX above.
^LXII “Eliasaph” = Eliasaph. Related to “Israelites” in v2 & “Nethanel” in v5 & “Eliab” in v7 & “Elizur” in v10 & “Shelumiel” in v12. 6x in OT. From El (see note V above) + yasaph (to add, increase, continue, exceed). This is Eliasaph, meaning “God has added” or “God is gatherer.”
^LXIII “Deuel” = Reuel. Related to “Israelites” in v2 & “Nethanel” in v5 & “Eliab” in v7 & “Elizur” in v10 & “Shelumiel” in v12 & “Eliasaph” in v14. 11x in OT. From raah (to associate with someone, cultivate) + El (see note V above). This is Reuel or Deuel, meaning “friend of God.”
^LXIV “one” = echad. Perhaps from achad (to unify, continue on a path; figuratively, to gather one’s thoughts). This is the number one, first, united. It can also be alone, altogether, a certain, a few.
^LXV “second” = sheni. From shanah (to fold, repeat, double, alter, or disguise). This is double, again, another, second.

^LXVI “Levites” = Leviyyi. From Levi (Levi; perhaps meaning “attached”; Jacob’s son, his tribe, and descendants); perhaps from lavah (to join, twine, unite, remain, borrow, lend). This is Levite or levitical.
^LXVII “in the center of” = tavek. This is among, middle, in the midst, the center. Perhaps, properly, to sever.
^LXVIII {untranslated} = ken. Perhaps from kun (properly, in a perpendicular position; literally, to establish, fix, fasten, prepare; figuratively, it is certainty, to be firm, faithfulness, render sure or prosperous). This is to set upright. Generally used figuratively to mean thus, so, afterwards, rightly so.
^LXIX “position” = yad. This is hand, ability, power. Hand in a literal sense, but also what one can do or the means by which one does it.

^LXX “west side” = yam. Root may mean to roar. This is the sea, often referring to the Mediterranean. It comes from the root in the sense of the roar of crashing surf. This word is sometimes used for rivers or other sources of water. It can mean to the west or to the south.
^LXXI “Ephraim” = Ephrayim. From the same as epher (ashes or dust – properly something strewn) OR from parah (to grow, increase, be fruitful in a literal or figurative sense). This is Ephraim, one of Joseph’s sons, his descendants, and their land.
^LXXII “Elishama” = Elishama. Related to “Israelites” in v2 & “Nethanel” in v5 & “Eliab” in v7 & “Elizur” in v10 & “Shelumiel” in v12 & “Eliasaph” and “Deuel” in v14 & “Simeon” in v12. 17x in OT. From El (see note V above) + shama (see note LIV above). This is Elishama, meaning “God has heard” or “God of hearing.”
^LXXIII “Ammihud” = Ammihud. Related to “Amminadab” in v3. 9x in OT. From am (see note XXV above). + hod (grandeur, beauty, glory, honor, or authority; a form or appearance with gravitas). This is Ammihud, meaning “my kin is majesty” or “people of splendor.”

^LXXIV “Manasseh” = Menashsheh. From nashah (to forget, neglect, remove, deprive). This is Manasseh, literally “causing to forget.” It is Manasseh, his tribe, or the lands of the tribe.
^LXXV “Gamaliel” = Gamliel. Related to “Israelites” in v2 & “Nethanel” in v5 & “Eliab” in v7 & “Elizur” in v10 & “Shelumiel” in v12 & “Eliasaph” and “Deuel” in v14 & “Elishama” in v18. 5x in OT. From gamal (how one deals with someone whether positively or negatively – so to reward, requite; to wean or the work that goes into something ripening) + El (see note V above). This is Gamaliel, meaning “reward of God.”
^LXXVI “Pedahzur” = Pedahtsur. Related to “Elizur” in v10 & “Zurishaddai” in v12. 6x in OT. From padah (to sever, to ransom; to secure someone’s release by paying their debt freeing them from slavery); to redeem, rescue, deliver, preserve; the redemption price) + tsur (see note L above). This is Pedahzur, meaning “the rock has ransomed” or “a rock [God] has ransomed.”
^LXXVII “thirty” = sheloshim. Related to “three” in v13. From the same as shalosh (see note LIX above). This is thirty or thirtieth.
^LXXVIII “two” = shenayim. Related to “second” in v16. From sheni (see note LX above). This is two, both, second, couple.

^LXXIX “Benjamin” = Binyamin. Related to “houses” and “Israelites” in v2 & “Reuben” in v10 & “south side” in v10. From ben (see note V above) + yamin (see note XLVII above). This is Benjamin, meaning “son of the right hand.”
^LXXX “Benjaminites” = ben + Binyamin. Ben is the same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above. Binyamin is the same as “Benjamin” in v22. See note LXXIX above.
^LXXXI “Abidan” = Abidan. Related to “ancestral” in v2 & “Eliab” in v7. 5x in OT. Form ab (see note X above) + din (to judge, defend, dispute, govern, quarrel, plead). This is Abidan, meaning “my father is judge” or “father of judgment.”
^LXXXII “Gideoni” = Gidoni. 5x in OT. From gada (to cut or chop as one cuts down a tree; used more generally for cutting off or destroying things). This is Gideoni, meaning “warlike” or “of Gideon” or “of hewing down” or “one of the fellers.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Gideoni.html
^LXXXIII “eight” = shemoneh. Related to “eighty” in v9. See note XLIV above.
^LXXXIV “third” = shelishi. Related to “three” in v13 & “thirty” in v21. From shalosh (see note LIX above). This is third or one-third of something.

^LXXXV “north side” = tsaphon. From tsaphan (to hide, hoard, reserve; to cover over or figuratively to deny; also to lurk). This is properly hidden, dark, or gloomy. It can also be used to refer to the north.
^LXXXVI “Dan” = Dan. Related to “Abidan” in v22. From din (see note LXXXI above). This is Dan or a Danite. It means “judge” and can refer to Dan, his tribe, or the lands of the tribe.
^LXXXVII “Danites” = ben + Dan. Ben is the same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above. Dan is the same as “Dan” in v25. See note LXXXVI above.

^LXXXVIII “Ahiezer” = Achiezer. 6x in OT. From ach (brother, kindred, another, other, like) + ezer (help, aid, helper); {from azar (to help, protect, support, ally; properly, to surround so as to provide aid)}. This is Ahiezer, meaning “my brother is help.”
^LXXXIX “Ammishaddai” = Ammishaddai. Related to “Ammihud” in v18 & “Shedeur” in v10 & “Zurishaddai” in v12. 5x in OT. From am (see note XXV above) + Shaddai (see note LI above). This is Ammishaddai, meaning “my kin is Shaddai” or “people of the Almighty.”
^XC “sixty” = shishshim. Related to “six” in v4. From shesh (see note XXX above). This is sixty.

^XCI “Asher” = Asher. From ashar (to go straight, lead, guide; to be level and so to be right, blessed, honest, happy). This is Asher, one of Jacob’s children and his tribe. It means “happy one.”
^XCII “Asherites” = ben + Asher. Ben is the same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above. Asher is the same as “Asher” in v27. See note XCI above.
^XCIII “Pagiel” = Pagiel. Related to “Israelites” in v2 & “Nethanel” in v5 & “Eliab” in v7 & “Elizur” in v10 & “Shelumiel” in v12 & “Eliasaph” and “Deuel” in v14 & “Elishama” in v18 & “Gamaliel” in v20. 5x in OT. From paga (to meet or happen, whether unintentionally or of violence; plead, spare, reach, or intercede) + El (see note V above). This is Pagiel, meaning, “occurrence of God.”
^XCIV “Ochran” = Okran. 5x in OT. From akar (properly to stir water – figuratively, to trouble, harm, afflict, or worsen). This is Ochran, meaning “muddler.”

^XCV “Naphtali” = Naphtali. From pathal (to twist, twine, wrestle, struggle, behave in an unsavory way). This is Naphtali, meaning “my wrestling.” It can refer to Naphtali, his tribe, or the lands of the tribe.
^XCVI “Naphtalites” = ben + Naphtali. Ben is the same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above. Naphtali is the same as “Naphtali” in v29. See note XCV above.
^XCVII “Ahira” = Achira. Related to “Ahiezer” in v25. 5x in OT. From ach (see note LXXXVIII above) + ra’ (bad, disagreeable, that which causes pain, misery, something having little or no value, something that is ethically bad, wicked, injury, calamity; anything that is not what it ought to be – a natural disaster, a disfigurement, an injury, a sin); {from ra’a’ (to be evil, bad, afflict; properly, to spoil – to destroy by breaking into pieces; figuratively, to cause something to be worthless; this is bad in a physical, social, or moral sense; that which displeases, to do harm or mischief, to punish or vex)}. This is Ahira, meaning “my brother is evil.”
^XCVIII “Enan” = Enan. 5x in OT. From Ayin (Ain; a place whose name means “spring” or “fountain”); from the same as ayin (eye, appearance; eye in a literal or figurative sense; a fountain). This is Enan, meaning “having fountains” or “having eyes.”

^XCIX “last” = acharon. From achar (to be behind, delay, be late, procrastinate, continue). This is end, last, coming behind, to loiter, later. It can also refer to the west.
^C “commanded” = tsavah. This is to charge, command, order, appoint, or enjoin. This is the root that the Hebrew word for “commandment” comes from (mitsvah).
^CI “among” = tavek. Same as “in the center of” in v17. See note LXVII above.
^CII “did” = asah. This is to make, do, act, appoint, become in many senses.
^CIII “as” = kol. Same as “total” in v9. See note XLIII above.

^CIV {untranslated} = ken. Same as {untranslated} in v17. See note LXVIII above.
^CV {untranslated} = ken. Same as {untranslated} in v17. See note LXVIII above.
^CVI “everyone” = ish. Same as “each” in v2. See note VII above.
^CVII “clans” = mishpachah. From the same as shiphcah (maid, maidservant); root means to spread out. This is one’s circle of relatives – clan, family, kindred.