Zechariah 8:1-8

^A “word” = dabar. From dabar (to speak, declare, discuss). This is speech, a word, a matter, an affair, charge, command, message, promise, purpose, report, request. It is a word, which implies things that are spoken of in a wide sense.
^B “Lord” = YHVH. Related to “came” in v1. From havah (to be, become) or hayah (see note D below). This is the name of the God of Israel, the self-existent and eternal one, the tetragrammaton. This pronunciation has been lost to time so “Lord” is generally used in its place.
^C “hosts” = tsaba. From tsaba (to wage war, serve, assemble, fight, perform, muster, wait on). This is a large group of persons (used figuratively for a group of things). It implies a campaign literally as with army, war, warfare, battle, company, soldiers. Can also be used figuratively for hardship or for worship.

^D “came” = hayah. This is to be or become, to happen.
^E “saying” = amar. This is to speak, say, answer, command, promise, report.
^F “am zealous” = qanah. From qinah (zeal, jealousy). This is to be zealous or to provoke to jealousy.
^G “Zion” = Tsiyyon. Related to tsyiyyun (signpost, monument); from tsavah (to charge someone, to command, order); from the same as tsiyyah (dryness, drought); from a root meaning parched as desert, dry land. Zion can refer to a mountain in Jerusalem as well as another name for Jerusalem itself or the people.

^H “great” = gadol. From gadal (to grow up, become great, become wealthy – to advance. The root meaning may be to twist in the sense of the process of growing). This is great, high, bigger, noble, old, marvelous. It can also refer to someone who is powerful or distinguished.
^I “zeal” = qinah. Related to “am zealous” in v2. See note F above.
^J “wrath” = chemah. From yacham (to be hot, mate; figuratively, to conceive). This is heat – figuratively it can be anger or fury. It can also refer to poison or venom as they can cause fever.

^K “return” = shub. To turn back, return, turn away – literally or figuratively. Doesn’t necessarily imply going back to where you started from. This is also the root verb for the Hebrew word for repentance “teshubah.”
^L “dwell” = shakan. This is to settle down in the sense of residing somewhere or staying there permanently. It can mean abide or continue. “Mishkan,” taken from this verb, is the Hebrew word for the Tabernacle (as a place where God abided).
^M “midst” = tavek. This is among, middle, in the midst, the center. Perhaps, properly, to sever.
^N “Jerusalem” = Yerushalaim. From yarah (to throw, shoot, be stunned; to flow as water so figuratively to instruct or teach) + shalam (to make amends, to be complete or sound). This is Jerusalem, dwelling of peace.

^O “called” = qara. This is to call or call out – to call someone by name. Also used more broadly for calling forth.
^P “faithful” = emet. From aman (to believe, endure, fulfill, confirm, support, be faithful, put one’s trust in, be steadfast. Figuratively, this is to be firm, steadfast, or faithful, trusting, believing, being permanent, morally solid). This is firmness or stability. Figuratively, it is faithfulness, truth, or trustworthiness. This is the same root that “amen” comes from.
^Q “city” = iyr. From uwr (to awaken or wake oneself up). This can mean excitement in the sense of wakefulness or city. Properly, this is a place that is guarded. Guards kept schedules according to watches. This sense of the word would include cities as well as encampments or posts that were guarded.
^R “mountain” = har. From harar (hill or mountain). This is mountain, hill, hilly region.
^S “holy” = qodesh. This is set apart and so sacred. God is different from us and so God is holy/set apart. Things we dedicate to God’s service are set apart for God and so they, too, are holy, etc.

^T “old men” = zaqen. From the same as zaqan (beard or chin – the beard represents old age). This is old, aged, or elder.
^U “old women” = zaqen. Same as “old men” in v4. See note T above.
^V “sit” = yashab. This is to sit and so to remain and so to dwell. It is sitting for any reason – as a judge, in order to ambush, or just sitting quietly. Causatively, this can mean settling or marrying. This can also mean continue, endure, or establish.
^W “streets” = rechob. From rachab (to grow wide or enlarge in a literal or figurative sense; extend, relieve, rejoice, or speak boldly). This is a wide, open place like a plaza, square, or avenue.

^X “each” = ish. Perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail). This is man, husband, another, or humankind.
^Y “staff” = mish’enah. 12x in OT. From mish’en (a support or staff; figuratively, a protector or sustenance); from sha’an (to lean or support oneself; to rely or trust). This is a staff or walking stick.
^Z “hand” = yad. This is hand, ability, power. Hand in a literal sense, but also what one can do or the means by which one does it.
^AA “great” = rob. From rabab (to be or become much or many, multiply). This is any kind of abundance.
^BB “age” = yom. Root may mean being hot. This is the day in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean birth, age, daylight, continually or other references to time.

^CC “be full” = male. This is fill, satisfy, replenish, accomplish, fulfill, confirm, or consecrate. It is fill in a literal or figurative sense.
^DD “boys” = yeled. From yalad (to bear, bring forth; can mean to act as midwife or to show one’s lineage). This is something born – so, offspring, youth, fruit. It is the same word used in Isaiah 9:6 “for a child will be born to us.”
^EE “girls” = yaldah. Related to “boys” in v5. 3x in OT. From yeled (see note DD above). This is a young girl or maiden.
^FF “playing” = sachaq. This is to laugh, celebrate, joke, mock, scorn. This is laughing, whether for joy or scorn. It can imply plays or holding a contest.

^GG “Lord” = YHVH. Related to “came” and “Lord” in v1. From the same as YHVH (see note B above). This is a secondary spelling of the Lord, the name of the God of Israel. It has the same meaning.
^HH “seems impossible” = pala. From pele (wonder, miracle, wonderful, marvelous thing). This is to be extraordinary, to arise, to be great or accomplish.
^II {untranslated} = ayin. Literally, “in the eyes of.” This is eye in a literal or figurative sense so eye, appearance, favor, or a fountain (the eye of the landscape).
^JJ “remnant” = sheerith. From shaar (properly, swelling up i.e. being left over; a remnant, remaining, being redundant). This is a remainder, residue, or survivor. It can also refer to posterity.

^KK “people” = am. From amam (to darken, hide, associate; creating shadows by huddling together). This is people or nation. It can be used specifically for a tribe, collectively of troops or armies, or figuratively to refer to a flock of animals.
^LL “days” = yom. Same as “age” in v4. See note BB above.
^MM “me” = ayin. Literally, “in my eyes.” Same as {untranslated} in v6. See note II above.
^NN “says” = neum. From na’am (to speak a prophecy; properly, to whisper, which implies saying an oracle). This is an utterance or speaking an oracle.
^OO “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v6. See note GG above.

^PP “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note B above.
^QQ {untranslated} = hen. This is a remark of surprise or excitement: lo! Behold! It can also mean if or though.
^RR “save” = yasha. To deliver, defend, help, preserve, rescue, be safe. Properly, to be open, wide or free, which implies being safe. Used causatively, it means to free.
^SS “east” = mizrach. From zarach (to rise, shine, or dawn; can also describe symptoms of leprosy). This is the east as the place where the sun rises. It can also refer to the sunrise itself.
^TT “country” = erets. Root may mean to be firm. This is earth, ground, field land, or country.
^UU “west” = mabo + shemesh. Mabo is from bo (to come in, go in, enter). This is entrance, coming in – the process of entering or the place of entrance. It can also mean the setting of the sun i.e. the west. Shemesh is sun or toward the east. Its root may mean being brilliant. Figuratively, this could be a ray or an arch.

^VV “bring” = bo. Related to “west” in v7. See note UU above.
^WW “live” = shakan. Same as “dwell” in v3. See note L above.
^XX “in” = tavek. Same as “midst” in v3. See note M above.
^YY “be” = hayah. Same as “came” in v1. See note D above.

^ZZ “God” = Elohim.
^AAA “faithfulness” = emet. Same as “faithful” in v3. See note P above.
^BBB “righteousness” = tsedaqah. From the same as tsedeq (rightness, righteousness, vindication. It is everything that is just or ethical. That which is right in a natural, moral, or legal sense. It also includes just weights (i.e. true weights). Figuratively, this is justice, righteousness, equity – even prosperity). This is righteousness, justice, righteous acts, and moral virtue.