Galatians 1:11-24

^I “know” = gnorizo. From ginosko (to know, recognize, realize, perceive, learn; gaining knowledge through personal experience). This is to declare, know, discover, make known.
^II “brothers” = adelphos. From a (with, community, fellowship) + delphus (womb). This is a brother in a literal or figurative sense. It is also used of another member of the Church.
^III “gospel” = euaggelion. From eu (well, good, rightly) + aggelos (angel, messenger; a messenger from God bringing news – whether a prophet or an angel); {from aggellos (to bring tidings); probably from ago (to bring, lead, carry, guide)}. This is literally “the good news,” used for the gospel. This is also where “evangelism” comes from.

^IV “proclaimed” = euaggelizo. Related to “gospel” in v11. From eu (see note III above) + aggelos (see note III above). This is evangelize – literally to preach the good news. It can be those who hear the news, the news, or a way to say gospel.
^V “is” = eimi. This is to be, exist.
^VI “human origin” = anthropos. Probably from aner (man, male, husband) + ops (eye, face); {from optanomai (to appear, be seen); perhaps from horao (become, seem, appear)}. This is human, humankind. Used for all genders.

^VII “receive” = paralambano. From para (beside, by, in the presence of) + lambano (active acceptance/taking of what is available or what has been offered; emphasizes the choice and action of the individual). This is to receive, take, acknowledge, associate with. It can also mean to take on an office or to learn.
^VIII “human source” = anthropos. Same as “human origin” in v11. See note VI above.
^IX “taught” = didasko. From dao (learn). This is to teach, direct, instruct, or impart knowledge. In the New Testament, this is almost always used for teaching scripture.

^X “revelation” = apokalupsis. 18x in NT. From apokalupto (properly to uncover; revealing something that was hidden or obstructed; particularly refers to revealing the essence of something; to make plain or manifest); {from apo (from, away from) + kalupto (to cover, hide, conceal; figuratively, to keep hidden or secret) {related to kalube (hut, cabin)}. This is uncovering, unveiling, appearing, manifestation, or revelation. This is where the word “apocalypse” comes from.
^XI “Jesus” = Iesous. From Hebrew Yehoshua (Joshua, the Lord is salvation); {from YHVH (proper name of the God of Israel; the self-existent and eternal one); {from havah (to become) or from hayah (to come to pass, become, be)} + yasha (to deliver, defend, help, preserve, rescue; properly, to be open, wide or free, which implies being safe. So, in a causative sense, this is to free someone)}. This is Jesus or Joshua in Greek – the Lord saves or the Lord is salvation.
^XII “Christ” = Christos. From chrio (consecrate by anointing with oil; often done for prophets, priests, or kings). Literally, the anointed one, Christ. The Greek word for Messiah.

^XIII “heard” = akouo. This is hear or listen, but it also means to understand by hearing. This is where the word “acoustics” comes from.
^XIV “earlier” = pote. From the same as posos (how much, how great); {from pos (who, what) + hos (who, which, that)} + te (and, both) OR from pou (see above) + te (see above). This is once, ever, formerly.
^XV “life” = anastrophe. 13x in NT. From anastrepho (to turn back, return, or overturn; can also imply busying oneself and so to remain, dwell, behave, or live somewhere); {from ana (up, again, back, among, anew) + strepho (to turn, change, turn back, be converted; to turn around completely to take the opposite path or a completely different one); {from trope (turning, shifting, a revolution; figuratively, a variation); from trepo (to turn)}. This is behavior, conduct, life, or manner of life. It is behavior drawn from core beliefs.

^XVI “Judaism” = Ioudaismos. 2x in NT. From Ioudaios (Jewish, a Jew, Judea); From Ioudas (Judah, Judas); from Hebrew Yehudah (Judah, son of Jacob, his tribal descendants, a name for the southern kingdom. Literally, it means praised); probably from yadah (to throw one’s hands into the air in a gesture of praise). This is Judaism.
^XVII “violently” = kata + huperbole. Literally, “beyond measure.” Huperbole is 8x in NT. From huperballo (to surpass, exceed, or excel; properly, to throw beyond or run beyond; transcending, eminent, or surpassing); {from huper (over, above, beyond) + ballo (to throw, cast, place, put, rush, drop)}. This is excess, surpassing, exceedingly. Properly, it means to throw past so it can also mean abundance or preeminence. It is where the word “hyperbole” comes from.
^XVIII “persecuting” = dioko. From dio (put to flight). This is chase or pursue in an aggressive fashion. By implication, it is persecute. It can also be used positively for eagerly pursuing something.

^XIX “church” = ekklesia. From ek (from, out from) + kaleo (to call by name, invite, to name, bid, summon, call aloud) {related to keleuo (to command, order, direct); from kelomai (to urge on)}. This is properly a calling out or an assembly. It was used to refer to a church.
^XX “God” = Theos. From Proto-Indo-European origins, meaning do, put, place. This is God or a god in general.
^XXI “trying to destroy” = portheo. 3x in NT. From pertho (to ravage, sack). This is to destroy, lay waste, make havoc.

^XXII “advanced” = prokopto. 6x in NT. From pro (before, first, in front of, earlier) + kopto (to cut, strike, cut off; beating the chest to lament and so to mourn). This is to advance, lead, proceed. It is to trailblaze while moving forward. It can also mean other forms of advancing like time passing or profit increasing.
^XXIII “many” = polus. This is much, often, plenteous – a large number or a great extent.
^XXIV “people” = genos. From ginomai (to come into being, to happen, become, be born; to emerge from one state or condition to another; this is coming into being with the sense of movement or growth). This is family, offspring, kin – in a literal or figurative sense.

^XXV “same age” = sunelikiotes. 1x in NT. From sun (with, together with) + helikia (maturity, stature, life span, or being of a suitable age; maturity in terms of years or size); {from the same as helikos (of what size, how much; properly, full grown, an adult); from helix (mature, adult, of the same age)}. This is contemporary, equal, same aged.
^XXVI “was” = huparcho. From hupo (by, under, about, subordinate to) + archo (to rule, begin, have first rank or have political power). This is to begin or be ready, to exist or possess. It is what one already has or possesses.
^XXVII “more” = perissos. 17x in NT. From perissos (abundant, more, excessive, advantage, vehemently); from peri (all-around, encompassing, excess). This is abundantly, exceedingly, far more, or all the more. This is going beyond what is anticipated or past the upper limit.

^XXVIII “zealous” = zelotes. 8x in NT. From zeloo (jealous, eager for, burning with zeal, deeply committed, envy); from zelos (eagerness or zeal on the one hand or rivalry and jealousy on the other; burning anger or burning love) perhaps from zeo (to boil, be hot, ferment, bubble, boil, or glow; used figuratively for being fervent or earnest). This is zealous or a zealot – someone eagerly devoted to someone or something. This is where the word “zealot” comes from.
^XXIX “traditions” = paradosis. 13x in NT. From paradidomi (literally to hand over – hence to deliver, abandon, or betray. It implies a personal involvement); {from para (from beside, by) + didomi (give, offer, place, bestow, deliver; give in a literal or figurative sense)}. This is something handed down or handed over. So, it could be some kind of instruction, ordinance, or tradition. It can be used to refer to the tradition of the elders within Judaism.
^XXX “ancestors” = patrikos. 1x in NT. From pater (father in a literal or figurative sense). This is paternal or ancestral.

^XXXI “set…apart” = aphorizo. 10x in NT. From apo (from, away from) + horizo (to determine, set boundaries, appoint, designate, pre-determined; literally, this is setting horizons); {from the same as horion (boundary, territory); from horos (limit, boundary)}. This is to set off by a boundary – to divide, separate, exclude. It can also mean ostracize or keep aloof.
^XXXII “before I was born” = ek + koilia + meter + ego. Literally, “from my mother’s womb.” Koilia is belly or organs in the abdomen. So, it could be stomach, womb, or heart. Figuratively, this refers to one’s inner self. Meter is mother in a literal or figurative sense.
^XXXIII “called” = kaleo. Related to “church” in v13. See note XIX above.

^XXXIV “grace” = charis. From chairo (to rejoice, be glad; used to say hello; properly, delighting in the grace of God or experiencing God’s favor); from char– (to extend favor, lean towards, be inclined to be favorable towards). This is grace, kindness, favor, gratitude, thanks. It is the sense of being inclined to or favorable towards – leaning towards someone to share some good or benefit. This can be literal, figurative, or spiritual. It is grace as abstract concept, manner, or action.
^XXXV “was pleased” = eudokeo. Related to “gospel” and “proclaimed” in v11. From eu (see note III above) + dokeo (to have an opinion, seem, appear, suppose; a personal judgment; to think); from dokos (opinion). This is to think well of, to be pleased or resolved. Properly, this is what someone finds good or acceptable – approving of some action or generally thinking well of.
^XXXVI “reveal” = apokalupto. Related to “revelation” in v12. See note X above.
^XXXVII “Son” = huios. This is son, descendant – a son whether natural born or adopted. It can be used figuratively for other forms of kinship.

^XXXVIII “gentiles” = ethnos. Probably from etho (a custom or culture). This is people who are united by having similar customs or culture. Generally, it is used to refer to Gentiles. This is a tribe, race, nation, or Gentiles in general. This is where the term “ethnicity” comes from.
^XXXIX “confer” = prosanatithemi. Related to {untranslated} in v17. 2x in NT – both in Galatians. From pros (at, to, toward, with) + anatithemi (to set up or fort, communicate, submit, declare); {from ana (up, again, back, among, anew) + tithemi (see note XLV below)}. This is to confer, contribute, impart.
^XL “human” = sarx + kai + haima. Literally, “flesh and blood.” Sarx may be from saroo (to sweep, cleanse by sweeping); from sairo (to brush off). This is flesh, the body, human nature, materiality, kindred. Flesh is not always evil in scripture (as when it refers to Jesus taking on a human body). However, it is generally used in a negative way for actions made selfishly and not through faith. This can mean animal flesh, i.e. meat, or refer to body in contrast to soul/spirit. Flesh can be a way of talking about how things or people are related or talking about human frailty (physical or moral). Haima is blood in a literal sense as bloodshed. Figuratively, it can also be used to refer to wine or to kinship (being related).

^XLI “go up” = anerchomai. 3x in NT. From ana (up, again, back, anew) + erchomai (to come, go). This is to go up or ascend.
^XLII “Jerusalem” = Hierosoluma. From Hebrew Yerushalaim (probably foundation of peace); {from yarah (to throw, shoot, be stunned; to flow as water so figuratively to instruct or teach) + shalam (to make amends, to be complete or sound)}. This is Jerusalem, dwelling of peace.
^XLIII “apostles” = apostolos. From apostello (to send, send away, send forth as a messenger, to commission); {from apo (from, away from) + stello (to set, arrange, prepare, provide for); {probably from histemi (to stand, place, set up, establish, stand firm)}}. This is a messenger – someone sent out on a mission as an envoy or delegate. It can also refer to someone set at liberty. Generally, this is a messenger who is meant to be a representative of the one who sent them. They are thus, set apart on a mission literally or figuratively.

^XLIV “went away” = aperchomai. Related to “go up” in v17. From apo (from, away from) + erchomai (see note XLI above). This is to depart, follow, or go off in a literal or figurative sense.
^XLV “at once” = eutheos. Related to “gospel” and “proclaimed” in v11 & “was pleased” in v15. From euthus (immediately, upright, straight and not crooked); {perhaps from eu (see note III above) + tithemi (to place, lay, set, establish)}. This is directly, soon, at once.
^XLVI “Arabia” = Arabia. 2x in NT. From Hebrew Arab (Arab, “a desert plateau”) OR from Arabic ‘arab (declare, Arabicize); from ‘-r-b (to do business, declare). This is Arabia. See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8#Arabic

^XLVII “afterwards” = palin. Perhaps from the same as pale (wrestling, struggle, conflict); from pallo (to sway or vibrate). This is back, again, anew.
^XLVIII “returned” = hupostrepho. Related to “life” in v13. From hupo (by, under, about) + strepho (see note XV above). This is to turn back or behind in a literal or figurative sense.
^XLIX “Damascus” = Damaskos. 15x in NT. From Hebrew Dammeseq (Damascus is Aram/Syria – foreign origin unclear). This is Damascus in Syria.

^L “then” = epeita. 16x in NT. From epi (on, upon, what is fitting) + eita (then, next, afterward). This is properly only then. It places emphasis on the previous statement as being necessary for the next statement.
^LI “three” = treis. This is three.
^LII “years” = etos. This is year or age.
^LIII “visit” = historeo. 1x in NT. From histor (one who knows, a judge) OR from eido (to know, remember, perceive – to see and so understand). This is to visit to get information – perhaps an interview or inquiry to learn something from a person who has firsthand experience.

^LIV “Cephas” = Kephas. 9x in NT. From Aramaic kepha (stone or rock). This is Cephas, the Aramaic translation of Peter’s name.
^LV “stayed” = epimeno. 17x in NT. From epi (on, upon, what is fitting) + meno (to stay, remain, wait, await, continue, abide, endure; to literally stay in a place or to remain in a condition; to continue with hope and expectation). This is to remain, terry, continue, or persevere. It denotes persistence in pursing a goal or task.
^LVI “fifteen” = dekapente. 3x in NT. From deka (ten, -teen) + pente (five). This is fifteen.
^LVII “days” = hemera. Perhaps from hemai (to sit). This is day, time, or daybreak.

^LVIII “see” = horao. Related to “human” in v11. See note VI above.
^LIX “other” = heteros. This is other, another, different, strange. It is another of a different kind in contrast to the Greek word allos, which is another of the same kind. This could be a different quality, type, or group.
^LX “James” = Iakob. From Hebrew Yaaqob (Jacob); from the same as aqeb (heel, hind part, hoof, rear guard of an army, one who lies in wait, usurper). This is James, meaning heel grabber or usurper.
^LXI “Lord’s” = Kurios. From kuros (authority, supremacy). This is a respectful address meaning master or sir. It refers to one who has control or power greater than one’s own. So, it was also applied to God and Jesus as Master or Lord.

^LXII “writing” = grapho. This is to write or describe. It is where the word “graphic” comes from.
^LXIII {untranslated} = idou. Related to “visit” in v18. From eido (see note LIII above). This is see! Lo! Behold! Look! Used to express surprise and or draw attention to the statement.
^LXIV “before” = enopios. Related to “human” in v11 & “see” in v19. From en (in, on, at, by, with) + ops (see note VI above). This is literally “in sight of.” It means before in a literal or figurative sense.
^LXV “lie” = pseudomai. 12x in NT. From pseudo (to lie or falsify). This is to lie or falsify – whether outright or by misleading.

^LXVI “went” = erchomai. Related to “go up” and “went away” in v17. See note XLI above.
^LXVII “regions” = klima. 3x in NT. From klino (to slant, rest, recline, approach an end, wear; to bend in a literal or figurative sense – to lay down, a day ending, causing an opposing army to flee). This is a region, district, or territory. It is where the words “clime” and “climate” come from.
^LXVIII “Syria” = Suria. 8x in NT. From Akkadian ashshur (after the god Ashur, head of their gods). This is Syria. See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Syria; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashur_(god)
^LXIX “Cilicia” = Kilikia. 8x in NT. This is Cilicia – origin uncertain.

^LXX {untranslated} = eimi. Same as “is” in v11. See note V above.
^LXXI “was…unknown” = agnoeo. Related to “know” in v11. From a (not) + noieo (to perceive, think, understand); {from nous (mind, understanding, reasoning faculty, intellect, capacity to reflect); from noos (mind); probably from the base as ginosko (see note I above)}. This is unaware not to know. Sometimes it is willful ignorance, but other times it is simply not knowing.
^LXXII “sight” = prosopon. Related to “human” in v11 & “see” in v19 & “before” in v20. From pros (at, towards, with) + ops (see note VI above). This is the face, surface, or front. It can imply presence more generally.
^LXXIII “Judea” = Ioudaia. Related to “Judaism” in v13. From Hebrew Yehudah (see note XVI above). This is Judea, which was a Roman province.

^LXXIV “only” = monon. Related to “stayed” in v18. From monos (alone, single, remaining, mere, desolate); from meno (see note LV above). This is merely, only, simply, sole. It can also imply alone.
^LXXV {untranslated} = eimi. Same as “is” in v11. See note V above.
^LXXVI “formerly” = pote. Same as “earlier” in v13. See note XIV above.

^LXXVII “faith” = pistis. From peitho (to have confidence, urge, be persuaded, agree, assure, believe, have confidence, trust). This is less about knowing, believing, and repeating a list of doctrines then it is about trusting God. Faith means listening to God and seeking to live a holy life even (and especially) when we don’t understand how everything works or fits together. Faith is about being faithful (trusting and doing) rather than being all knowing.
^LXXVIII “once” = pote. Same as “earlier” in v13. See note XIV above.
^LXXIX “glorified” = doxazo. Related to “was pleased” in v15. From doxa (glory, opinion, praise, honor, renown; particularly used as a quality of God or manifestation of God – splendor); from dokeo (see note XXXV above). This is to render or hold something as glorious, to glorify, honor, magnify, or celebrate. This is ascribing weight to something by recognizing its true value or essence.