Sirach 10:12-18

^A “beginning” = arche. From archomai (to begin or rule); from archo (to rule, begin, have first rank or have political power). Properly, this is what is first. In a temporal sense, that is beginning or origin. It can also refer to the one who ranks first, i.e. king or ruler. So, it can also be magistrate, power, or principality. It can be used more generally for what is preeminent.
^B “human” = anthropos. Probably from aner (man, male, husband) + ops (eye, face); {from optanomai (to appear, be seen); perhaps from horao (become, seem, appear)}. This is human, humankind. Used for all genders.
^C “pride” = huperephania. 1x in NT. From huperephanos (proud, arrogant; thinking one outshines others); {from huper (over, above, beyond) + phaino (to bring light, cause to appear, shine, become visible or clear)}. This is disdain, pride, lifting self up, vanity.
^D “forsake” = aphistemi. 14x in NT. From apo (from, away from) + histemi (to stand, place, set up, establish, stand firm). This is to remove, repel, refrain, depart from, foment a revolt, repel.
^E “Lord” = Kurios. From kuros (authority, supremacy). This is a respectful address meaning master or sir. It refers to one who has control or power greater than one’s own. So, it was also applied to God and Jesus as Master or Lord.

^F “heart” = kardia. Literally the heart, but figuratively mind, character, inner self, will, intention, thoughts, feelings. Also, the center of something. The word heart is only used figuratively in the Old and New Testaments. This is where “cardiac” comes from.
^G “withdrawn” = aphistemi. Same as “forsake” in v12. See note D above.
^H “Maker” = poieo. This is to make, do, act, construct, abide, or cause.

^I “sin” = hamartia. From hamartano (to miss the mark, do wrong, make a mistake, sin); {from a (not) + meros (a part or share)}. Literally, this means not having one’s share or portion – like not receiving inheritance or what was allotted to you. This word means missing the mark so it is used for guilt, fault, and acts of sin.
^J “clings” = krateo. From kratos (strength, power, dominion; vigor in a literal or figurative sense; power that is exercised). This is being strong or mighty so, by extension, to prevail or rule. It can also mean to seize, grasp hold of and thereby control.
^K “pours out” = exombreo. This is to rain down, pour out as rain does. See https://greekdoc.github.io/lexicon/exo.html#exombrew
^L “abominations” = bdelugma. 6x in NT. From bdelussomai (properly, to stink; to be foul and thus detestable like a bad odor; to be abhorrent or disgusted); from bdeo (to stink). This is something accursed or abominable. It is something that stinks and so is abhorrent. Specially, it can refer to an abomination or idolatry.

^M “brought” = epagoge. From epago (to bring upon, inflict something bad or charge with a crime); {from epi (on, upon, at, what is fitting) + ago (lead, bring, carry, guide, drive, go)}. This is leading or bringing in.
^N “unheard-of” = paradoxazo. From para (from beside, by) + doxazo (to render or hold something as glorious; to glorify, honor, magnify, celebrate; ascribing weight to something by recognizing its true value or essence); {from doxa (glory, opinion, praise, honor, renown; particularly used as a quality of God or manifestation of God – splendor); from dokeo (to have an opinion, seem, appear, suppose; a personal judgment; to think); from dokos (opinion)}. This is unheard-of or extraordinary.
^O “destroyed” = katastrepho. 2x in NT. From kata (down, against, throughout, among) + strepho (to turn, change, turn back, be converted; to turn around completely to take the opposite path or a completely different one); {from trope (turning, shifting, a revolution; figuratively, a variation); from trepo (to turn)}. This is to overturn literally or figuratively – to be upside down, overthrow or ruin.
^P “completely” = telos. From tel– (to reach a goal or aim); This is an end, aim, purpose, completion, goal, consummation, or tax. It is completing a stage of something and everything that results from that completion. It can be literal or figurative.

^Q “overthrew” = kathaireo. 9x in NT. From kata (down, against, throughout, among) + haireo (to take, choose, or prefer) {probably related to airo (raise, take up, lift, remove)}. This is to take down, destroy, depose, forcibly yank. It is to lower violently, whether literally or figuratively.
^R “thrones” = thronos. Probably from thanos (bench); from thrao (to sit). This is throne or seat – the place where the king sits. So, it is used figuratively to mean power, dominion, or a potentate. This is where the word “throne” comes from.
^S “rulers” = archon. Related to “beginning” in v12. From archo (see note A above). This is ruler, leader, magistrate, official, prince, chief.
^T “enthroned” = kathizo. From kathezomai (to sit down, be seated); {from kata (down, against, according to, among) + hezomai (to sit); {from aphedron (a seat, a base)}}. This is to sit, set, appoint, stay, rest.
^U “lowly” = praus. 4x in NT. Related to praios (meek, gentle, kind); related to praotes (mildness kindness, meekness; being temperate – gentle, but strong; implies humility). This is gentle, meek, which implies humility.

^V “plucked up” = ektillo. From ek (out, out of) + tillo (to pluck, pick). This is to pluck or strip bare. See https://lsj.gr/index.php?title=%E1%BC%90%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CF%89&mobileaction=toggle_view_desktop & https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CF%89#Ancient_Greek
^W “roots” = rhiza. 17x in NT. This is a root literally or figuratively so it would be the root of what comes from it – shoot, source, descendant. This is where the word “rhizome” comes from.
^X “nations” = ethnos. Probably from etho (a custom or culture). This is people who are united by having similar customs or culture. Generally, it is used to refer to Gentiles. This is a tribe, race, nation, or Gentiles in general. This is where the term “ethnicity” comes from.
^Y “planted” = phuteuo. 11x in NT. From phuton (a plant) OR from the base of phuo (to grow, produce, spring up; perhaps from the sense of puff or blow – to swell up; hence, to germinate; to grow literally or figuratively). This is plant or implant. Figuratively, this word is used for Christian teaching.
^Z “humble” = tapeinos. 8x in NT. This is low in position, depressed, low in circumstance, meek, cast down. Figuratively, it can be humiliated or low in spirit.

^AA “laid waste” = katastrepho. Same as “destroyed” in v13. See note O above.
^BB “lands” = chora. From chasma (gap, gulf, chasm, open space); from chasko (to gape, yawn). This is space, land, region, fields, open area – the countryside in contrast to the town.
^CC “destroyed” = apollumi. From apo (from, away from) + ollumi (to destroy or ruin; the loss that comes from a major ruination). This is to destroy, cut off, to perish – perhaps violently. It can also mean to cancel or remove.
^DD “foundations” = themelios. 16x in NT. From tithemi (to put, place, set, fix, establish in a literal or figurative sense; properly, this is placing something in a passive or horizontal position). This is related to a foundation, building substructure. It is a foundation in a literal or figurative sense.
^EE “earth” = ge. This is earth, land, soil, region, country, the inhabitants of an area.

^FF “removed” = exairo. 1x in NT. From ek (from, from out of) + airo (raise, take up, lift, remove). This is to lift up, remove, drive out.
^GG “destroyed” = apollumi. Same as “destroyed” in v16. See note CC above.
^HH “erased” = katapauo. 4x in NT. From kata (down, against, among) + pauo (to stop, refrain, pause, restrain, quit, come to an end). This is to rest, restrain, cease.
^II “memory” = mnemosunon. 3x in NT. From the same as mnemoneuo (to remember, recollect; does not necessarily imply remembering something that you forgot – it could be calling something to mind; to punish or rehearse); {from mnemon (mindful) OR from mneme (memory or mention); {from mnaomai (to remember; by implication give reward or consequence) or mimnesko (to remind or remember; memory through an active, intentional process or being mindful; not incidentally or accidentally remembering); or form meno (to stay, abide, wait, endure) or from massaomai (to chew, gnaw); from masso (to knead, squeeze)}}. This is a remembrance, memory, memorial, record. It could also be an offering for remembrance.

^JJ “created” = ktizo. 15x in NT. Probably akin to ktaomai (to get, purchase, possess). This is to build, create, form, shape. It refers to God’s acts of creation.
^KK “human beings” = anthropos. Same as “human” in v12. See note B above.
^LL “violent” = thumos. 18x in NT. From thuo (to rush along, breathe violently, offer sacrifice). This is passion, anger, rage, wrath. It refers to actions emerging from passion or impulse. It is also used for God’s wrath.
^MM “anger” = orge. From orgao (something that teems or stews; anger rising from prolonged personal contact that is fixed rather than an angry outburst; anger that stems from an individual’s sense of right and wrong, justice, etc.) or from orego (to stretch out towards, yearn for, aspire to, desire). This is impulse, wrath, anger, passion, punishment. Properly, this is fixed anger from ongoing personal irritation caused by something the one getting angry sees as unjust or evil. Wrath implies punishment. Can refer to human or divine wrath.
^NN “born” = gennema. 8x in NT. From gennao (to beget, give birth to, or bring forth; properly, procreation by the father, but used of the mother by extension; figuratively, to regenerate); from genna (descent, birth); from genos (family, offspring, kin – in a literal or figurative sense); from ginomai (to come into being, to happen, become, be born; to emerge from one state or condition to another; this is coming into being with the sense of movement or growth). This is offspring, child, fruit, brood, or produce in a literal or figurative sense.
^OO “women” = gune. Related to “born” in v18. Perhaps from ginomai (see note NN above). This is woman, wife, or bride. This is where the word “gynecologist” comes from.