2 Samuel 19

^I “told” = nagad. This is to declare, make conspicuous, stand in front, manifest, predict, explain.
^II “Joab” = Yoab. From YHVH (proper name of the God of Israel; God, Lord; the self-existent or eternal one); {from havah (to become) or hayah (to be, become, happen)}. + ab (father, ancestor, grandfather; father in a literal or figurative sense). This is Joab or Yoab, meaning “the Lord is father.”
^III {untranslated} = hinneh. From hen (lo! Behold! If, though; an expression of surprise). This is to draw attention, show suddenness or surprise, or to emphasize the importance of the coming statement. See! Lo! Behold!
^IV “king” = melek. From malak (to be or become king or queen, to rise to the throne, to be crowned; by implication, to take counsel). This is king or royal.

^V “weeping” = bakah. This is to weep, complain, or lament.
^VI “mourning” = abal. This is to mourn, lament.         
^VII “Absalom” = Abshalom. Related to “Joab” in v1. From ab (see note II above) + shalom (completeness, soundness, welfare, favor, friend, good health; to be safe and figuratively well, happy, at peace, friendly; abstractly, includes the ideas of welfare and prosperity – not in excessive wealth, but in having enough); {from shalam (to be complete or sound; to have safety mentally, physically, or extending to one’s estate; so, if these things are safe and complete, the implication is that one would be friendly; and, if being friendly, one would make amends and that friendship would be reciprocated)}. This is Absalom or Abishalom, which means “my father is peace” or “father of peace” or “friendly.”
^VIII “victory” = teshuah. From yasha (to deliver, defend, help, preserve, rescue; properly, to be open, wide or free, which implies being safe; to free someone). This is deliverance or salvation.
^IX “day” = yom. Root may mean being hot. This is the day in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean birth, age, daylight, continually or other references to time.

^X “turned” = hayah. Related to “Joab” in v1. See note II above.
^XI “mourning” = ebel. Related to “mourning” in v1. From abal (see note VI above). This is mourning or lamentation.
^XII “all” = kol. From kalal (to complete). This is all or every.
^XIII “troops” = am. From amam (to darken, hide, associate; creating shadows by huddling together). This is people or nation. It can be used specifically for a tribe, collectively of troops or armies, or figuratively to refer to a flock of animals.

^XIV “heard” = shama. This is to hear, call, consent, or consider. It implies listening intelligently, giving attention, and, because of these two factors, obedience and action are often implied.
^XV {untranslated} = amar. This is to speak, say, answer, command, promise, report.
^XVI “grieving” = atsab. 17x in OT– 4x of humanity grieving God including Genesis 6:6 prior to the Flood. This is properly to carve. So it can mean to create or fashion. Figuratively, it means to hurt, grieve, worry, anger, or displease.
^XVII “son” = ben. From banah (to build or obtain children). This is son, age, child. It is son in a literal or figurative sense.

^XVIII “stole” = ganab. This is to steal in a stealthy way rather than through violence. It can also mean to deceive. There is a Yiddish word ganef that derives from this root. It means thief or scoundrel.
^XIX {untranslated} = bo. This is to enter, come in, advance, fulfill, bring offerings, enter to worship, attack. It can also have a sexual connotation.
^XX “city” = iyr. From uwr (to awaken or wake oneself up). This can mean excitement in the sense of wakefulness or city. Properly, this is a place that is guarded. Guards kept schedules according to watches. This sense of the word would include cities as well as encampments or posts that were guarded.

^XXI “soldiers” = am. Same as “troops” in v2. See note XIII above.
^XXII “ashamed” = kalam. This is bearing shame, bringing dishonor or disgrace, humiliate insult, taunt, embarrass, reproach. Properly, to wound in a figurative sense.
^XXIII “flee” = nus. This is to flee, vanish away, hide, escape, be displayed.
^XXIV “battle” = milchamah. From lacham (to eat or feed on; figuratively, to battle as a kind of consumption/destruction). This is battle, war, fighting, or one who fights (i.e. a warrior).

^XXV “covered” = laat. 1x in OT. This is cover, mystery, hidden, muffled.
^XXVI “face” = paneh. From panah (to turn, face, appear). This is face in a literal or figurative sense. It could be face, presence, anger, respect. It can also be used of God to indicate divine favor or presence.
^XXVII “cried” = zaaq. This is to cry or call out. It can be a call to assemble or gather together. By analogy, this could refer to a herald who announces a public gathering. It could also be a shriek from pain or danger.
^XXVIII “loud” = gadol. From gadal (to grow up, become great, become wealthy – to advance. The root meaning may be to twist in the sense of the process of growing). This is great, high, bigger, noble, old, marvelous. It can also refer to someone who is powerful or distinguished.
^XXIX “voice” = qol. This is a sound, used often for human voices. Also used when God speaks or angels, animals or instruments. It can be a cry or a noise, thunder or earthquakes and so on.

^XXX “came” = bo. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^XXXI “house” = bayit. Related to “son” in v2. From banah (see note XVII above). This is house, court, family, palace, temple.
^XXXII “said” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^XXXIII “today” = yom. Same as “day” in v2. See note IX above.
^XXXIV “covered with shame” = yabesh. This is to be dry, withered, confused, or ashamed. It can also be to fail.

^XXXV “officers” = ebed. From abad (to work, serve, compel; any kind of work; used causatively, can mean to enslave or keep in bondage). This is a servant, slave, or bondservant.
^XXXVI “saved” = malat. This is to be smooth, which implies to escape as slipping away from. It can also be release, rescue, deliver, or preserve. It can be used specifically to meaning giving birth or making sparks.
^XXXVII “life” = nephesh. Related to naphash (to refresh or be refreshed). This is soul, self, person, emotion. It is a breathing creature. Can also refer to appetites and desires.
^XXXVIII “daughters” = bat. Related to “son” in v2 & “house” in v5. From ben (see note XVII above). This is daughter in a literal or figurative sense.

^XXXIX “wives” = ishshah. From ish (man); perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail). This is woman, wife, or female.
^XL {untranslated} = nephesh. Same as “life” in v5. See note XXXVII above.
^XLI “concubines” = pilegesh. This is concubine or paramour.
^XLII “love” = aheb. This is to love, beloved, friend. It is to have affection for sexually or otherwise.
^XLIII “hate” = sane. This is to hate, an enemy. It is a personal hatred and not an abstract one.
^XLIV “hatred” = sane. Same as “hate” in v6. See note XLIII above.

^XLV “made…clear” = nagad. Same as “told” in v1. See note I above.
^XLVI “commanders” = sar. This is chief, leader, ruler, lord, official, governor, prince, military leader. It refers to someone at the top of a rank or class.
^XLVII “nothing” = ayin. Perhaps from a word that means to be nothing. This means nothing, none, non-existent. It can also simply mean not or are not.
^XLVIII “perceive” = yada. This is to know, acknowledge, advise, answer, be aware, be acquainted with. Properly, this is to figure something out by seeing. It includes ideas of observation, recognition, and care about something. It can be used causatively for instruction, designation, and punishment.

^XLIX “alive” = chay. From chayah (to live or keep alive literally or figuratively). This is alive, living, lifetime. It can also be used to describe someone’s age. It can refer to animals, plants, water, or a company or congregation of people. It is life in a very broad sense.
^L “were dead” = mut. This is to die in a literal or figurative sense. It can also refer to being a dead body.
^LI “then” = az. This is beginning, now, from, since.
^LII “be pleased” = yashar + ayin. Literally, “pleasant in your eyes.” Yashar is from yashar (to be straight, right, even, smooth, or agreeable; figuratively, to make something pleasant or prosperous). This is straight, right, level. Also, it is pleasing, whether pleasing God or pleasing other people. So, it is upright or righteous. Ayin is eye in a literal or figurative sense so eye, appearance, favor, or a fountain (the eye of the landscape).

^LIII “so” = attah. Perhaps from et (a period or season; whenever or continually); probably from anah (to answer, sing, announce); from ad (forever, all, old); from adah (to pass on, advance, decorate oneself). This is now, from now on.
^LIV {untranslated} = qum. To arise, stand, accomplish, establish, abide. This is rising as in rising against, getting up after being sick or asleep, arising from one state to another, becoming powerful, or rising for action. It can also be standing in a figurative sense.
^LV “go out” = yatsa. This is to go or come out, bring forth, appear. It is to go out in a literal or figurative sense.

^LVI “speak” = dabar. This is generally to speak, answer, declare, or command. It might mean to arrange and so to speak in a figurative sense as arranging words.
^LVII “kindly” = leb. From the same as lebab (the heart, courage, one’s inner self, the mind, the will; only used in a figurative sense in the Bible); may be related to labab (to encourage; properly, to be encased as with fat; used in a good sense, this means to transport someone with love; used in a bad sense, it can mean to dull one’s senses).. This is inner self, mind, will, feelings, the center.
^LVIII “servants” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.

^LIX “swear” = shaba. From sheba (seven – the number of perfection/sacred fullness). This is to swear, curse, vow, make a covenant. Properly, it can mean to be complete. This is to seven oneself – as in affirming something so strongly it is as though it were said seven times.
^LX “Lord” = YHVH. Related to “Joab” in v1 & “turned” in v2. See note II above.
^LXI “not” = ayin. Same as “nothing” in v6. See note XLVII above.
^LXII “go” = yatsa. Same as “go out” in v7. See note LV above.

^LXIII “man” = ish. Related to “wives” in v5. See note XXXIX above.
^LXIV “stay” = lun. This is to stop – usually to lodge for the night. It can imply dwelling, enduring, or staying permanently. Figuratively, it can mean being obstinate, particularly with one’s words – to complain.
^LXV “night” = layil. Properly, this refers to light twisting away. It is used for night or midnight. Figuratively, this can mean adversity.

^LXVI “worse” = ra’. From ra’a’ (to be evil, bad, afflict; properly, to spoil – to destroy by breaking into pieces; figuratively, to cause something to be worthless; this is bad in a physical, social, or moral sense; that which displeases, to do harm or mischief, to punish or vex). This is bad, disagreeable, that which causes pain, misery, something having little or no value, something that is ethically bad, wicked, injury, calamity. This refers to anything that is not what it ought to be – a natural disaster, a disfigurement, an injury, a sin.
^LXVII “any” = kol. Same as “all” in v2. See note XII above.
^LXVIII “disaster” = ra’. Same as “worse” in v7. See note LXVI above.

^LXIX “come” = bo. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^LXX “youth” = naur. From naar (child or a servant; a child in their active years so they could be aged anywhere from infancy to adolescence); perhaps from naar (to shake, toss up and down, tumble around). This is youth or childhood.
^LXXI “now” = attah. Same as “so” in v7. See note LIII above.

^LXXII “got up” = qum. Same as {untranslated} in v7. See note LIV above.
^LXXIII “took…seat” = yashab.This is to sit and so to remain and so to dwell. It is sitting for any reason – as a judge, in order to ambush, or just sitting quietly. Causatively, this can mean settling or marrying. This can also mean continue, endure, or establish.
^LXXIV “gate” = shaar. May be related to sha’ar (to calculate or reckon; may come from a root that means to open up or split). This is a gate, door, or other opening like a port.

^LXXV {untranslated} = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^LXXVI “see” = hinneh. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note III above.
^LXXVII “sitting” = yashab. Same as “took…seat” in v8. See note LXXIII above.
^LXXVIII “came” = bo. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^LXXIX “before” = paneh. Same as “face” in v4. See note XXVI above.

^LXXX “Israelites” = Yisrael...ish. Yisrael is from sarah (to persist, exert oneself, contend, persevere, wrestle, prevail) +El (God or god). This is Israel, meaning God strives or one who strives with God; new name for Jacob and for his offspring. This refers to the people and to the land. Ish is the same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^LXXXI “homes” = ohel. Perhaps from ahal (to shine, be clear). This is a tent, covering, home, or side pillar.
^LXXXII “people” = am. Same as “troops” in v2. See note XIII above.
^LXXXIII “were” = hayah. Same as “turned” in v2. See note X above.

^LXXXIV “disputing” = din. This is to judge, defend, dispute, govern, quarrel, plead.
^LXXXV “tribes” = shebet. This is a rod, staff, club, scepter, dart, or tribe. Literally a stick that can be used for punishing, writing, fighting, walking, ruling; thus, used figuratively for a clan.
^LXXXVI “Israel” = Yisrael. Same as “Israelites” in v8. See note LXXX above.
^LXXXVII “delivered” = natsal. This is to snatch someone or something away in a good sense – as rescue, defend, or deliver – or in a bad sense – as strip or plunder.

^LXXXVIII “hand” = kaph. From kaphaph (to bend – from a root meaning curve or bend down). This is palm of the hand or sole of the foot, footstep, grasp. Figuratively, it can also mean power.
^LXXXIX “enemies” = oyeb. From ayab (to hate or be hostile to). This is a foe or enemy as one that you are hostile to.
^XC “Philistines” = Pelishti. From Pelesheth (Philistia); from palash (to mourn, wallow, maybe roll in). This is Philistines. Their name may mean “griever” or “burrower” or “weakener.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Philistine.html.

^XCI “fled” = barach. This is to flee, drive away, hurry, to bolt.
^XCII “land” = erets. Root may mean to be firm. This is earth, ground, field land, or country.
^XCIII “anointed” = mashach. This is smear, paint, spread, or paint. It can also be to rub with oil or, otherwise stated, to anoint. This implies a consecration. This root verb is where the word “messiah” comes from.
^XCIV “now therefore” = attah. Same as “so” in v7. See note LIII above.
^XCV “say nothing” = charash. This is to scratch, which implies etching or plowing. It can mean to manufacture regardless of materials used. Figuratively, it can be to devise or conceal. It can also have a sense of secrecy. Hence, being silent or left alone. It can also be speechless.
^XCVI “bringing…back” = shub. To turn back, return, turn away – literally or figuratively. Doesn’t necessarily imply going back to where you started from. This is also the root verb for the Hebrew word for repentance “teshubah.”

^XCVII “David” = David. From the same as dod (beloved, love, uncle); the root may mean to boil, which is used figuratively to describe love. So, this implies someone you love such as a friend, a lover, or a close family member like an uncle. David’s name likely means something like “beloved one.”
^XCVIII “sent” = shalach. This is to send out, away, send for, forsake. It can also mean to divorce or set a slave free.
^XCIX “priests” = kohen. This is literally the one who officiates i.e. the priest. This is where the Jewish last name “Cohen” (and its variants) comes from.
^C “Zadok” = Tsadoq. From tsadaq (to be just or righteous, do justice); from tsedeq (rightness, righteousness, just cause, vindication; that which is right in a natural, moral, or legal sense; abstractly equity; figuratively prosperity). This is Zadok, a name meaning “just” or “righteous.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Zadok.html

^CI “Abiathar” = Ebyathar. Related to “Joab” and “Absalom” in v1. From ab (see note II above) + yathar (to jut over, remain behind, preserve, to excel). This is Abiathar, which means “the great one is father” or “father of abundance” i.e. liberal or “father of a remnant” or “father of preeminence” or “father of plenty.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Abiathar.html
^CII {untranslated} = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CIII “say” = dabar. Same as “speak” in v7. See note LVI above.
^CIV “elders” = zaqen. From the same as zaqan (beard or chin – the beard represents old age). This is old, aged, or elder.

^CV “Judah” = Yehudah. Probably from yadah (to throw one’s hands into the air in a gesture of praise); from yad (hand). This is Judah, meaning “praised.”
^CVI {untranslated} = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CVII “last” = acharon. From achar (to be behind, delay, be late, procrastinate, continue). This is end, last, coming behind, to loiter, later. It can also refer to the west.

^CVIII “talk” = dabar. Related to “speak” in v7. From dabar (see note LVI above). This is speech, a word, a matter, an affair, charge, command, message, promise, purpose, report, request. It is a word, which implies things that are spoken of in a wide sense.
^CIX “come” = bo. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^CX {untranslated} = bayit. Same as “house” in v5. See note XXXI above.

^CXI “kin” = ach. This is brother, kindred, another, other, like. It is literally brother, but it can also be someone who is similar, resembling, or related to.
^CXII “bone” = etsem. From atsam (vast, numerous, strong; to close one’s eyes, to make powerful; to break bones). This is self, life, strength, bone, or substance.
^CXIII “flesh” = basar. From basar (being a messenger, publish, carry preach; properly, this is being fresh, rosy or cheerful as one bearing news). This is flesh, the body, fat, skin, self, nakedness, humankind, or kin. It can also refer to private parts.

^CXIV “say” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CXV “Amasa” = Amasa. 16x in OT. From amas (to carry a load, to load, lift; figuratively, infliction). This is Amasa, which means “burden.”
^CXVI “God” = Elohim. Related to “Israelites” in v8. See note LXXX above.
^CXVII “do” = asah. This is to make, do, act, appoint, become in many senses.
^CXVIII “more” = yasaph. This is to add, increase, continue, exceed.

^CXIX “army” = tsaba. From tsaba (to wage war, serve, assemble, fight, perform, muster, wait on). This is a large group of persons (used figuratively for a group of things). It implies a campaign literally as with army, war, warfare, battle, company, soldiers. Can also be used figuratively for hardship or for worship.
^CXX “from” = paneh. Same as “face” in v4. See note XXVI above.
^CXXI “now on” = kol + yom. Kol is the same as “all” in v2. See note XII above. Yom is the same as “day” in v2. See note IX above.
^CXXII “in place of” = tachat. This is underneath, below, the bottom, instead of.

^CXXIII “swayed” = natah. This is to stretch or spread out, to extend, or bend. In can also imply moral deflection.
^CXXIV “hearts” = lebab. Related to “kindly” in v7. See note LVII above.
^CXXV “people” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CXXVI {untranslated} = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CXXVII “one” = echad. Perhaps from achad (to unify, continue on a path; figuratively, to gather one’s thoughts). This is the number one, first, united. It can also be alone, altogether, a certain, a few.
^CXXVIII “return” = shub. Same as “bringing…back” in v10. See note XCVI above.

^CXXIX “came back” = shub…bo. Shub is the same as “bringing…back” in v10. See note XCVI above. Bo is the same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^CXXX “Jordan” = Yarden. From yarad (to go down, descend; going down in a literal or figurative sense; going to the shore or a boundary, bringing down an enemy). This is the Jordan River, meaning “descending.”
^CXXXI “came” = bo. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^CXXXII “Gilgal” = Gilgal. From galgal (wheel, wagon, whirl, whirlwind; something that rolls); from galal (to roll, roll away, wallow, commit, remove; rolling in a literal or figurative sense). This is Gilgal – perhaps circle of stones.

^CXXXIII {untranslated} = halak. This is go, come, walk. It is walk literally and figuratively and includes people and animals. It can be used figuratively for one’s moral life – how we walk according to God’s way or against it. It can also refer to the walk of life as in the course one’s life takes, the choices we make, etc.
^CXXXIV “meet” = qirah. From the same as qara (to happen, meet, bring about). This is any kind of encounter, whether peaceful, hostile, or incidental. It can also mean help or seek.
^CXXXV “him” = melek. Same as “king” in v1. See note IV above.
^CXXXVI “bring…over” = abar. This is to pass over or cross over. It is used for transitions, whether literal or figurative. It can also mean to escape, alienate, or fail. This is the root verb from which “Hebrew” is drawn.

^CXXXVII “Shimei” = Shimi. Related to “heard” in v2. From shama (see note XIV above). This is Shimei or Shimeah.
^CXXXVIII “Gera” = Gera. 9x in OT. Perhaps from gerah (a kernel, a tiny weight, a unit of currency of that weight); from garar (to drag or drag off in a rough fashion, chew, sweep, destroy; to chew the cud). This is Gera, a name that means “grain.”
^CXXXIX “Benjaminite” = Ben-yemini. Related to “son” in v2 & “house” and “daughters” in v5. 9x in OT. From Binyamin (Benjamin; meaning “son of the right hand;” Jacob’s son, his descendants, and their territory); {from ben (see note VII above) + from yamin (right hand or side; that which is stronger or more agile; the south); {perhaps yamam (to go or choose the right, use the right hand; to be physically fit or firm)}}. This is one descended from the tribe of Benjamin.
^CXL “Bahurim” = Bachurim. 5x in OT. From bachur (choice, chosen, selected; a youth or young man); from bachar (to choose, appoint, try, excellent). This is Bahurim or Bachurim, meaning “young men” or “young men’s village” or “the preferred ones” or “village of young men.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Bahurim.html

^CXLI “hurried” = mahar. This is being liquid, which implies flowing. So, this word implies hurrying forward, whether in a positive or negative sense.
^CXLII “come down” = yarad. Related to “Jordan” in v15. See note CXXX above.
^CXLIII “people” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CXLIV “thousand” = eleph. Perhaps from the same as eleph (herd, cattle); from alaph (to learn, speak, associate with). This is thousand.
^CXLV “people” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CXLVI “Benjamin” = Bniyamin. Related to “son” in v2 & “house” and “daughters” in v5 & “Benjaminite” in v16 and to “Benjaminite” in v16. See note CXXXIX above.

^CXLVII “Ziba” = Tsiba. Related to “army” in v13. 16x in OT. From the same as Tsoba (Ziba, which may mean “station” or “engagement” or “collective” or “beauty” or “depression”); {from tsabah (to swell, grow, amass like an army)} OR from tsaba (see note CXIX above). This is Ziba, meaning “station” or “alliance” or “collective” or “league of convenience.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Ziba.html & https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Zobah.html
^CXLVIII “servant” = naar. Related to “youth” in v7.See note LXX above.
^CXLIX “Saul” = Shaul. From shaal (to ask, inquire, beg, borrow, desire, request; can also mean demand). This is Saul or Shaul, meaning “asked of the Lord.”

^CL “fifteen” = chamesh + asar. Chamesh is five. Asar is from the same as eser (ten). This is -teen or -teenth.
^CLI “twenty” = esrim. Related to “fifteen” in v17. From the same as eser (see note CL above). This is twenty or twentieth.
^CLII “servants” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CLIII “rushed down” = tsalach. This is pushing forward in a literal or figurative sense. So it could be to break out, to come mightily, to rush, to go over. Figuratively, it could mean to prosper.
^CLIV “ahead” = paneh. Same as “face” in v4. See note XXVI above.

^CLV “crossing was taking place” = abar + abarah. Abar is the same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above. Abarah is related to “bring…over” in v15. 2x in OT. From abar (see note CXXXVI above). This is a crossing, ferry, or ford.
^CLVI “bring over” = abar. Same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above.
^CLVII “household” = bayit. Same as “house” in v5. See note XXXI above.
^CLVIII “pleasure” = tob + ayin. Literally, “good in his eyes.” Tob is from tob (to be pleasing, to be good). This is good, beautiful, pleasant, agreeable, bountiful, at ease. This word is used for goodness as a concept, a good thing, a good person. This can refer to prosperity and welfare as well as joy, kindness, sweetness, and graciousness. So, this is ethically good, but also enjoyably good. Ayin is the same as “be pleased” in v6. See note LII above.

^CLIX “fell down” = naphal. This is to fall, whether by accident, to fall prostrate, or to fall in violent death. Figuratively, it can refer to personal ruin or calamity, a city falling, an attack or a falling away. It can also be a deep sleep or wasting away.
^CLX “before” = paneh. Same as “face” in v4. See note XXVI above.
^CLXI “cross” = abar. Same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above.

^CLXII “lord” = adon. From a root that means ruling or being sovereign. This is lord, master, or owner.
^CLXIII “hold” = chashab. This is properly to braid or interpenetrate. Literally it is to create or to wear. Figuratively, it can mean plotting – generally in a negative sense. More broadly, this can also mean think, consider, or make account of.
^CLXIV “guilty” = avon. Perhaps related to avah (to bend, twist, be amiss). This is sin, mischief, guilt, fault, punishment for iniquity, or moral evil.
^CLXV “remember” = zakar. This is to remember, to mark something so that it can be recalled, to be mindful of, to mention.

^CLXVI “servant” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CLXVII “did wrong” = avah. Related to “guilty” in v19. 17x in OT. See note CLXIV above.
^CLXVIII “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v19. See note CLXII above.
^CLXIX “left” = yatsa. Same as “go out” in v7. See note LV above.
^CLXX “Jerusalem” = Yerushalaim. Related to “Absalom” in v1. From yarah (to throw, shoot, be stunned; to flow as water so figuratively to instruct or teach) +shalam (see note VII above). This is Jerusalem, dwelling of peace.

^CLXXI “bear” = sim. This is to put or place in a literal or figurative sense. It can be appoint, care, change, make, and may other things.
^CLXXII “mind” = leb. Same as “kindly” in v7. See note LVII above.
^CLXXIII “servant” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CLXXIV “knows” = yada. Same as “perceive” in v6. See note XLVIII above.
^CLXXV “sinned” = chata. This is properly to miss, and so figuratively it is used for sinning, bearing the blame. It implies a forfeiture or loss of something.

^CLXXVI “see” = hinneh. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note III above.
^CLXXVII “come” = bo. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^CLXXVIII “first” = rishon. From rishah (beginning or early time); from rosh (head, captain, or chief; excellent or the forefront; first in position or in statue or in time). This is first, former, ancestor, beginning, ranked first.
^CLXXIX “Joseph” = Yoseph. Related to “more” in v13. From yasaph (see note CXVIII above). This is Joseph, meaning “he increases” or “let him add.”
^CLXXX “come down” = yarad. Same as “come down” in v16. See note CXLII above.
^CLXXXI “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v19. See note CLXII above.

^CLXXXII “Abishai” = Abishay. Related to “Joab” and “Absalom” in v1 & “Abiathar” in v11. From ab (see note II above) + shay (a gift or present; something given as an act of homage); {from shavah (to equalize, resemble, agree with, compare, adjust, compose, place, or yield)}. This is Abishai, meaning “father of a gift,” which could mean “generous.”
^CLXXXIII “Zeruiah” = Tseruyah. Related to “Joab” in v1 & “turned” in v2 & “Lord” in v7. From the same as tsori (root might be to crack as under pressure, to leak; gum from the balsam tree – perhaps commiphora gileadensis) + Yah (the shortened form of the name of the God of Israel; God, Lord); {from YHVH (see note II above)} OR tsur (rock, stone, cliff, boulder, rocky; a refuge, God); {from tsur (to confine, cramp, or bind in a literal or figurative sense; to besiege, assault, or distress)} + Yah (see above). This is Zeruiah, meaning “wounded” or “balsam of the Lord” or “his rock is the Lord.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Zeruiah.html & https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balsam & https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balm_of_Gilead.
^CLXXXIV “answered” = anah. Related to “so” in v7. See note LIII above.
^CLXXXV {untranslated} = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.

^CLXXXVI “put to death” = mut. Same as “were dead” in v6. See note L above.
^CLXXXVII “for” = tachat. Same as “in place of” in v13. See note CXXII above.
^CLXXXVIII “cursed” = qalal. This is to be little, insignificant, swift. It can also mean to bring down in esteem, create contempt, curse.
^CLXXXIX “Lord’s” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v7. See note LX above.
^CXC “anointed” = mashiach. Related to “anointed” in v10. From mashach (see note XCIII above). This is the anointed or consecrated one. So, it could refer to a king, priest, or saint. It is also the root of the word “messiah.”

^CXCI “said” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CXCII “become” = hayah. Same as “turned” in v2. See note X above.
^CXCIII “adversary” = satan. Perhaps from satan (to be an adversary, attack, accuse, resist). This is adversary. It could be personal, in reference to political enemies, or refer to Satan.
^CXCIV “anyone” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CXCV “said” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CXCVI “gave…oath” = shaba. Same as “swear” in v7. See note LIX above.

^CXCVII “Mephibosheth” = Mephibosheth. 15x in OT. From paah (to cut in pieces, scatter, blow away) + bosheth (shame as a feeling and a thing that creates shame; humiliation, confusion, or an idol); {from bosh (properly, to be pale, which implies shame, disappointment, or confusion)}. This is Mephibosheth, meaning “dispeller of shame” (a reference to Baal) or “one who destroys shame” or “end of shame.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Mephibosheth.html
^CXCVIII “grandson” = ben. Same as “son” in v2. See note XVII above.
^CXCIX “came down” = yarad. Same as “come down” in v16. See note CXLII above.

^CC “taken care” = asah. Same as “do” in v13. See note CXVII above.
^CCI “feet” = regel. This is foot, endurance, or journey. It is a foot as the means of walking and so it implies a step or a greater journey. It can be used euphemistically for private parts.
^CCII “trimmed” = asah. Same as “do” in v13. See note CXVII above.
^CCIII “beard” = sapham. 5x in OT. From the same as saphah (lip, edge, brim, language, shore, words); probably from saphah (to sweep away, capture, destroy, add, join, shave, scrape, scatter, ruin) or shaphah (to stick, sweep bare). This is beard, mustache, mouth, or upper lip.

^CCIV “washed” = kabas. This is to trample – washing by stomping feet. It can be fulling in a literal or figurative sense.
^CCV “clothes” = beged. From bagad (to cover or conceal; figuratively, to act in a covert or treacherous way, to transgress or pillage). This is clothing, garment, robe, or some other kind of clothing. Figuratively, it can be treachery or pillaging.
^CCVI “left” = halak. Same as {untranslated} in v15. See note CXXXIII above.
^CCVII “came back” = bo. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^CCVIII “safety” = shalom. Related to “Absalom” in v1 & “Jerusalem” in v19. See note VII above.

^CCIX {untranslated} = hayah. Same as “turned” in v2. See note X above.
^CCX “came” = bo. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^CCXI “said” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CCXII “go” = halak. Same as {untranslated} in v15. See note CXXXIII above.
^CCXIII “answered” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CCXIV “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v19. See note CLXII above.

^CCXV “servant” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CCXVI “deceived” = ramah. 13x in OT. This is to hurl, shoot, carry, or throw. Figuratively, it is to beguile, delude or betray. It can also refer to an archer.
^CCXVII “servant” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CCXVIII “said” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CCXIX “saddle” = chabash. This is to wrap tightly or bind, to bandage, or heal. It can be to saddle an animal or wrap a turban. Figuratively, it can mean to stop or to govern.
^CCXX “donkey” = chamor. From chamar (to be red, blush). This is a male donkey.

^CCXXI “ride” = rakab. This is to ride an animal or in some vehicle. It can also mean bringing on a horse.
^CCXXII “go” = halak. Same as {untranslated} in v15. See note CXXXIII above.
^CCXXIII “servant” = ebed. From abad (to work, serve, compel; any kind of work; used causatively, can mean to enslave or keep in bondage). This is a servant, slave, or bondservant.
^CCXXIV “lame” = pisseach. 13x in OT. From pasach (to limp, hesitate). This is lameness or someone who is lame.

^CCXXV “slandered” = ragal. Related to “feet” in v24. From regel (see note CCI above). This is to walk along, spy out, slander.
^CCXXVI “servant” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CCXXVII “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v19. See note CLXII above.
^CCXXVIII “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v19. See note CLXII above.
^CCXXIX “angel” = malak. This is a messenger, an angel, or a deputy of some kind. Can be used for human messengers literally or for prophets, priests, or teachers as messengers of God. Also used for supernatural messengers i.e. angels.
^CCXXX “seems good” = tob + ayin. Literally, “good in your eyes.” Same as “pleasure” in v18. See note CLVIII above.

^CCXXXI {untranslated} = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CCXXXII “father’s house” = ab. Related to “Joab” and “Absalom” in v1 & “Abiathar” in v11 & “Abishai” in v21. See note II above.
^CCXXXIII “doomed to death” = mavet. Related to “were dead” in v6. From muth (see note L above). This can be death, deadliness, the dead, or the place where the dead go. It can be used figuratively for pestilence or ruin.
^CCXXXIV “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v19. See note CLXII above.

^CCXXXV “set” = shith. This is to place, set, bring, appoint, consider, bring, array or look.
^CCXXXVI “servant” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CCXXXVII “eat” = akal. This is to eat, devour, burn up, or otherwise consume. It can be eating in a literal or figurative sense.
^CCXXXVIII “table” = shulchan. Related to “sent” in v11. Perhaps from shalach (see note XCVIII above). This is a table or meal.

^CCXXXIX “further” = od. From ud (to admonish, repeat, duplicate, testify, restore, record, relieve). This is still, yet, again, more.
^CCXL “right” = tsedaqah. Related to “Zadok” in v11. From the same as tsedeq (see note C above). This is righteousness, justice, righteous acts, and moral virtue.
^CCXLI “have” = yesh. This is being, existence, or substance.
^CCXLII “appeal” = zaaq. Same as “cried” in v4. See note XXVII above.

^CCXLIII “said” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CCXLIV “any more” = od. Same as “further” in v28. See note CCXXXIX above.
^CCXLV “affairs” = dabar. Same as “talk” in v11. See note CVIII above.
^CCXLVI “decided” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CCXLVII “divide” = chalaq. This is to be smooth in a figurative sense. So, it can refer to the stones that were part of casting lots – hence, apportion, share, distribute. Figuratively, it can also mean to flatter.
^CCXLVIII “land” = sadeh. From the same as shadday (almighty, field, land); from shadad (to devastate, ruin, destroy, oppress, be powerful). Or, it may be from a word that means to spread out. This is field, ground, soil, or land. It can be used to mean wild as in a wild animal.

^CCXLIX “said” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CCL {untranslated} = gam. This is also, moreover, again.
^CCLI “take” = laqach. This is to take, accept, carry away, receive. It can also have the sense of take a wife or take in marriage.
^CCLII “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v19. See note CLXII above.  
^CCLIII “arrived” = bo. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^CCLIV “home” = bayit. Same as “house” in v5. See note XXXI above.
^CCLV “safely” = shalom. Same as “safety” in v24. See note CCVIII above.

^CCLVI “Barzillai” = Barzillay. 12x in OT. From barzel (iron as something used as a cutting implement; an ax head); from the same as Birzoth (a name meaning holes; root may mean to pierce). This is Barzillai or Barzillay, meaning “man of iron” or “iron-hearted” or “ironlike” or “Iron of the Lord.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Barzillai.html
^CCLVII “Gileadite” = Giladi. Related to “Gilgal” in v15 and to “further” in v28. 11x in OT. From Gilad (Gilead, meaning “perpetual fountain” or “heap of testimony.”); {from gala (to lay bare, quarrel, expose) OR from gal’ed (heap of testimony); {from gal (wave, billow, rock pile; something rolled; a spring of water); {from galal (see note CXXXII above)} + ed (witness, testimony, recorder); {from ud (to admonish, repeat, duplicate, testify, restore, record, relieve)}. This is a Gileadite, someone descended from Gilead or who lives in Gilead. See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Gilead.html#.Xw_EFShKhPY.
^CCLVIII “come down” = yarad. Same as “come down” in v16. See note CXLII above.
^CCLIX “Rogelim” = Rogelim. Related to “feet” in v24 & “slandered” in v27. 2x in OT. From ragal (see note CCI above). This is Rogelim, which is “a place of fullers” or “feet.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Rogelim.html

^CCLX “went on” = abar. Same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above.
^CCLXI “escort…over” = shalach. Same as “sent” in v11. See note XCVIII above.
^CCLXII “very” = meod. Perhaps from the same as uwd (firebrand, a poker). This is very, greatly, exceedingly. It can also mean vehemence, force, abundance.
^CCLXIII “aged man” = zaqen. Related to “elders” in v11. From the same as zaqan (see note CIV above). This is to be old or grow old.

^CCLXIV “eighty” = shemonim. From the same as shemoneh (eight or eighth; abundance as being more than 7, the number of sacred fullness); perhaps from shamen (to shine, which implies being oily, growing fat); from shaman (to grow fat, shine, be oily). This is eighty.
^CCLXV “years” = shanah. From shana (to change, alter). This is a year, age, old. It can also mean yearly.
^CCLXVI “old” = ben. Same as “son” in v2. See note XVII above.
^CCLXVII “provided…with food” = kul. This is to hold in. So, it can be to contain, measure, guide, or feed. It can also mean to be able to or sustain.

^CCLXVIII “stayed” = shibah. Related to “took…seat” in v8. 1x in OT. From yashab (to sit and so to remain and so to dwell; sitting for any reason – as a judge, in order to ambush, or just sitting quietly; can mean settling or marrying; continue, endure, or establish). This is stayed, residence, a sojourn.
^CCLXIX “Mahanaim” = Machanayim. 13x in OT. From machaneh (an encampment, whether of people traveling together or soldiers; a camp band or company; an army of soldiers; other groups like animals, angels or stars.); from chanah (to decline, bending down, or living in tents; can be camping to create a home or camping as a part of battle). This is Mahanaim, a city whose name means “two camps” or “double camp.”
^CCLXX “wealthy” = gadol. Same as “loud” in v4. See note XXVIII above.
^CCLXXI “man” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.

^CCLXXII “said” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CCLXXIII “come over” = abar. Same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above.
^CCLXXIV “provide” = kul. Same as “provided…with food” in v32. See note CCLXVII above.
^CCLXXV “said” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CCLXXVI {untranslated} = yom. Literally, “days of the years.” Same as “day” in v2. See note IX above.
^CCLXXVII “live” = chay. Same as “alive” in v6. See note XLIX above.
^CCLXXVIII “go up” = alah. This is to go up, approach, ascend, be high, be a priority; to arise in a literal or figurative sense.

^CCLXXIX “discern” = yada. Same as “perceive” in v6. See note XLVIII above.
^CCLXXX {untranslated} = bayin. From bin (to discern, consider, attend to; distinguishing things in one’s mind or, more generally, to understand). This is among, between, interval.
^CCLXXXI “pleasant” = tob. Same as “pleasure” in v18. See note CLVIII above.
^CCLXXXII “not” = ra’. Same as “worse” in v7. See note LXVI above.
^CCLXXXIII “servant” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CCLXXXIV “taste” = taam. 11x in OT. This is to taste, sense, or figuratively to perceive.
^CCLXXXV “drinks” = shathah. This is to drink literally or figuratively. It could also be a drinker.

^CCLXXXVI “still” = od. Same as “further” in v28. See note CCXXXIX above.
^CCLXXXVII “listen” = shama. Same as “heard” in v2. See note XIV above.
^CCLXXXVIII “singing men” = shir. From shir (to sing; one who is singing or leading others in song). This is song or singer.
^CCLXXXIX “singing women” = shir. Same as “singing men” in v35. See note CLXXXVIII above.

^CCXC “servant” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CCXCI “added” = od. Same as “further” in v28. See note CCXXXIX above.
^CCXCII “burden” = massa. From nasa (to lift in a broad sense, literally and figuratively; to carry, take, or arise; to bring forth, advance, accept). This is burden, bearing, load, utterance, tribute, prophecy, desire, song.
^CCXCIII “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v19. See note CLXII above.

^CCXCIV “servant” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CCXCV “little way” = me’at. From ma’at (being or becoming small, decrease, diminish, pare off). This is a little or few, lightly little while, very small matter.
^CCXCVI “go…over” = abar. Same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above.
^CCXCVII “recompense” = gamal. This is how one deals with someone whether positively or negatively – so to reward, requite. It can also mean to wean or the work that goes into something ripening.
^CCXCVIII “reward” = gemulah. Related to “recompense” in v36. 3x in OT. From gemul (benefit, deed, recompense; treatment that is deserved or earned, whether positive or negative; reward or requital); from gamal (see note CCXCVII above). This is read, deed, recompense.

^CCXCIX “please” = na. This particle is used for requests or for urging. It can be we pray, now, I ask you, oh. This is the same “na” in “hosanna.”
^CCC “servant” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CCCI “town” = iyr. Same as “city” in v3. See note XX above.
^CCCII “graves” = qeber. From qabar (to bury). This is a place where one is buried such as a grave or tomb.
^CCCIII “father” = ab. Same as “father’s house” in v28. See note CCXXXII above.
^CCCIV “mother” = em. This is a mother as binding a family together or a breeding female animal. It could be mother in a literal or figurative sense.

^CCCV “here” = hinneh. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note III above.
^CCCVI “servant” = ebed. Same as “officers” in v5. See note XXXV above.
^CCCVII “Chimham” = Kimham. 3x in OT. From kamah (to desire, pine after). This is Chimham, which means “pining” or “yearning” or “great desire.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Chimham.html
^CCCVIII “go over” = abar. Same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above.
^CCCIX “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v19. See note CLXII above.
^CCCX “seems good” = tob + ayin. Literally, “good in your eyes.” Same as “pleasure” in v18. See note CLVIII above.

^CCCXI “answered” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CCCXII “go over” = abar. Same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above.
^CCCXIII “seems good” = tob + ayin. Literally, “good in your eyes.” Same as “pleasure” in v18. See note CLVIII above.
^CCCXIV “desire” = bachar. Related to “Bahurim” in v16. See note CXL above.

^CCCXV “people” = am. Same as “troops” in v2. See note XIII above.
^CCCXVI “kissed” = nashaq. This is to kiss in a literal or figurative sense. It can mean to touch, rule, or equip with weapons.
^CCCXVII “blessed” = barak. This is to kneel, to bless. It is blessing God as part of worship and adoration or blessing humans to help them. It can be used as a euphemism to say curse God.
^CCCXVIII “home” = maqom. Related to {untranslated} in v7. From qum (see note LIV above). This is a standing, which is to say a spot or space a place. It can also refer to a locality or a physical/mental condition. HaMaqom is also a Jewish name for God – the place, i.e. the Omnipresent One.

^CCCXIX “went on” = abar. Same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above.
^CCCXX “went on” = abar. Same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above.
^CCCXXI “people” = am. Same as “troops” in v2. See note XIII above.
^CCCXXII “also” = gam. Same as {untranslated} in v30. See note CCL above.
^CCCXXIII “half” = chatsi. From chatsah (to halve, divide, reach, participate). This is half, middle, midnight, midst.
^CCCXXIV “people” = am. Same as “troops” in v2. See note XIII above.
^CCCXXV “brought” = abar. Same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above.

^CCCXXVI “then” = hinneh. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note III above.
^CCCXXVII “people” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CCCXXVIII “came” = bo. Same as {untranslated} in v3. See note XIX above.
^CCCXXIX “said” = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CCCXXX “why” = maddua. Related to “perceive” in v6. From mah (what, how long) + yada (see note XLVIII above). This is why or how.
^CCCXXXI “kindred” = ach. Same as “kin” in v12. See note CXI above.
^CCCXXXII “people” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.

^CCCXXXIII “brought” = abar. Same as “bring…over” in v15. See note CXXXVI above.
^CCCXXXIV “men” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CCCXXXV “answered” = anah. Same as “answered” in v21. See note CLXXXIV above.
^CCCXXXVI “people” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CCCXXXVII “near” = qarob. From qarab (to come near, offer, make ready). This is near whether nearby, related, near in time, or allied.

^CCCXXXVIII “are…angry” = charah. Perhaps related to charar (to be hot, burn, glow, melt, be scorched; figuratively, to incite passion, be angry). This is to be displeased, burn with anger, glow, become warn. Figuratively it is a blaze of anger, zeal, or jealousy.
^CCCXXXIX “matter” = dabar. Same as “talk” in v11. See note CVIII above.
^CCCXL “eaten at all” = akal + akal. Same as “eat” in v28. See note CCXXXVII above. The word is repeated twice – the first time as an Infinitive Absolute. The Infinitive Absolute serves to emphasize the sentiment of the word. It is rather like Foghorn Leghorn’s speech pattern, “I said, I said.”
^CCCXLI “given” = nasa. Related to “gift” in v42. See note CCCXLII below.
^CCCXLII “gift” = nisseth. 1x in OT. From nasa (to lift in a broad sense, literally and figuratively; to carry, take, or arise; to bring forth, advance, accept). This is tested, a thing that is taken, a present.

^CCCXLIII “people” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CCCXLIV “answered” = anah. Same as “answered” in v21. See note CLXXXIV above.
^CCCXLV “people” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CCCXLVI {untranslated} = amar. Same as {untranslated} in v2. See note XV above.
^CCCXLVII “ten” = eser. Related to “fifteen” and “twenty” in v17. See note CL above.
^CCCXLVIII “shares” = yad. This is hand, ability, power. Hand in a literal sense, but also what one can do or the means by which one does it.

^CCCXLIX “why” = maddua. Same as “why” in v41. See note CCCXXX above.
^CCCL “despise” = qalal. Same as “cursed” in v21. See note CLXXXVIII above.
^CCCLI “words” = dabar. Same as “talk” in v11. See note CVIII above.
^CCCLII “people” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.
^CCCLIII “were fiercer” = qashah. This is to be fierce, cruel, dense, tough, severe.
^CCCLIV “people” = ish. Same as “man” in v7. See note LXIII above.