John 17:20-26

John 17:20-26
Eastertide C27

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20 “I askA not onlyB on behalf of these but also on behalf of those who believeC in me through their word,D 

Notes on verse 20

A “ask” = erotao. From eromai (to ask) OR from ereo (to say, tell, call, speak of). This is asking a question or making an earnest request. It is used between someone with whom the asker is close in some sense. So, they anticipate special consideration for their request.
B “only” = monon. From monos (alone, single, remaining, mere, desolate); from meno (to stay, abide, wait, endure). This is merely, only, simply, sole. It can also imply alone.
C “believe” = pisteuo. From pistis (faith, faithfulness, belief, trust, confidence; to be persuaded or come to trust); from peitho (to have confidence, urge, be persuaded, agree, assure, believe, have confidence, trust). This is to believe, entrust, have faith it, affirm, have confidence in. This is less to do with a series of beliefs or doctrines that one believes and more to do with faithfulness, loyalty, and fidelity. It is trusting and then acting based on that trust.
D “word” = logos. From lego (to speak, tell, mention). This is word, statement, speech, analogy. It is a word that carries an idea or expresses a thought, a saying. It could refer to a person with a message or reasoning laid out in words. By implication, this could be a topic, line of reasoning, or a motive. It can be used for a divine utterance or as Word – Christ.

21 that they may allE beF one.G As you, Father,H are in me and I am in you, may they also be in us, so that the worldI may believe that you have sentJ me. 

Notes on verse 21

E “all” = pas. This is all or every.
F “be” = eimi. This is to be or exist.
G “one” = heis. This is one, a person, only, some.
H “Father” = pater. This is father in a literal or figurative sense. Could be elder, senior, ancestor, originator, or patriarch.
I “world” = kosmos. Perhaps from the base of komizo (to carry, convey, recover); from komeo (to take care of). This is order, the world, the universe, including its inhabitants. Literally, this is something that is ordered so it can refer to all creation. It can also refer to decoration in the sense that something is better ordered and, thus, made more beautiful. This is where “cosmos” and “cosmetics” come from.
J “sent” = apostello. From apo (from, away from) + stello (to send, set, arrange, prepare, gather up); {probably from histemi (to make to stand, stand, place, set up, establish, appoint, stand firm, be steadfast)}. This is to send forth, send away, dismiss, send as a messenger. It implies one that is sent for a particular mission or purpose rather than a quick errand. This is where “apostle” comes from.

22 The gloryK that you have givenL me I have given them, so that they may be one, as we are one, 23 I in them and you in me, that they may becomeM completely one,N

Notes on verses 22-23a

K “glory” = doxa. From dokeo (to have an opinion, seem, appear, suppose; a personal judgment; to think); from dokos (opinion). This is literally something that evokes a good opinion – something that connects to our understanding of intrinsic worth. The ultimate expression of this is, of course, God and God’s manifestation. So, this is opinion, honor, and dignity, but also praise, glory, renown, and worship.
L “given” = didomi. To give, offer, place, bestow, deliver. This is give in a literal or figurative sense.
M “become” = eimi. Same as “be” in v21. See note F above.
N “completely one” = teleioo + en + heis. Literally, “perfected in unity.” Teleioo is from teleios (going through the steps to complete a stage or phase and then moving on to the next one; reaching an end and so being complete or “perfect”; also full grown or mature); from telos (an end, aim, purpose, completion, end goal, consummation, tax).  This is finish, accomplish, bring to an end, complete, reach a goal, finish a race, to consummate. It refers to completing stages or phases to get to an ultimate conclusion. It can also mean consecrate or fulfill. Heis is the same as “one” in v21. See note G above.

so that the world may knowO that you have sent me and have lovedP them even as you have loved me. 24 Father, I desireQ that those also, whom you have given me, may be with me where I am, to seeR my glory, which you have given me because you loved me before the foundationS of the world.

Notes on verses 23b-24

O “know” = ginosko. This is to know, recognize, realize, perceive, learn. It is knowledge gained through personal experience.
P “loved” = agapao. Perhaps from agan (much). This is love, longing for, taking pleasure in. It is divine love or human love that echoes divine love.
Q “desire” = thelo. This is to wish, desire, will, or intend. It is to choose or prefer in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean inclined toward or take delight in. It can have a sense of being ready to act on the impulse in question.
R “see” = theoreo. From theaomai (to behold, look upon, see, contemplate, visit); from thaomai (to gaze at a spectacle; to look at or contemplate as a spectator; to interpret something in efforts to grasp its significance); from theoros (a spectator or envoy). This is gazing, beholding, experiencing, discerning. It is looking at something to analyze it and concentrate on what it means. This is the root of the word “theatre” in that people concentrate on the action of the play to understand its meaning.
S “foundation” = katabole. 11x in NT. From kataballo (to cast down, lay prostate, set a foundation); {from kata (down, against, throughout, among) + ballo (to throw, cast, place, put, drop)}. This is a foundation or a plan for one – setting the foundation according to the plans. Figuratively, it can be the beginning of something, sowing, or conception.

25 “RighteousT Father, the world does not know you, but I know you, and these know that you have sent me. 26 I made your nameU knownV to them, and I will make it known,W so that the loveX with which you have loved me may be in them and I in them.”

Notes on verses 25-26

T “righteous” = dikaios. From dike (the principle of justice; that which is right in a way that is very clear; a decision or the execution of that decision; originally, this word was for custom or usage; evolved to include the process of law, judicial hearing, execution of sentence, penalty, and even vengeance; more commonly, it refers to what is right); may be from deiknumi (to show, point out, exhibit; figurative for teach, demonstrate, make known). This is correct, righteous, just, or a righteous person. It implies innocent or conforming to God’s standard of justice.
U “name” = onoma. Related to “know” in v23 & “made…known” in v26. May be from ginosko (see note O above). This is a name, authority, cause, character, fame, reputation. The name was thought to include something of the essence of the person so it was not thought to be separate from the person.
V “made…known” = gnorizo. Related to “know” in v23. From ginosko (see note O above). This is to declare, know, discover, make known.
W “make…known” = gnorizo. Same as “made…known” in v26. See note V above.
X “love” = agape. Related to “loved” in v23. From agapao (see note P above). This is love, goodwill, benevolence. It is God’s divine love or human love that mirrors God’s love.


Image credit: “Come and Rest” at the main sacristy of the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington DC. Photo by Lawrence OP, 2014.

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